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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2019

Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi and Ali Eshraghi

Generational membership is argued to have an impact on how social technologies are used for knowledge sharing and communication in organizational contexts. Previous research has…

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Abstract

Purpose

Generational membership is argued to have an impact on how social technologies are used for knowledge sharing and communication in organizational contexts. Previous research has especially underscored the difference between digital natives and digital immigrants in how they make sense of and interact with social technologies for work. The purpose of this paper is to provide a multidimensional perspective and to explore generational differences as well as other factors deriving from both work-related and personal characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper presents a summary of the findings from interviews with 58 consultants from 17 managing consulting firms. Participants were selected based on their knowledge-intensive roles and their willingness to share information about their knowledge practices.

Findings

Findings highlight the significance of the organizational rank, knowledge needs, individuals’ enthusiasm for technology use and personality disposition in shaping workers’ attitudes toward social technologies for knowledge practices. This work builds from a social construction of technology perspective to provide a comprehensive insight into the roles played by work and personality-related factors beyond age and generational differences in the use of social technologies in and for work.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the discourse on generational differences and the use of social technologies. It puts this question into a broader context, and highlights other factors that shape this relationship.

Details

Journal of Enterprise Information Management, vol. 32 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0398

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Article
Publication date: 30 November 2020

Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi, Rebecca Reynolds and Ali Eshraghi

Personal knowledge management (KM) lends new emphasis to ways through which individual knowledge workers engage with knowledge in organizational contexts. This paper aims to go…

572

Abstract

Purpose

Personal knowledge management (KM) lends new emphasis to ways through which individual knowledge workers engage with knowledge in organizational contexts. This paper aims to go beyond an organizational approach to KM to examine key personal KM and knowledge building (KB) practices among adult professionals.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents a summary of the findings from interviews with 58 consultants from 17 managing consulting firms. Participants were selected based on their knowledge-intensive roles and their willingness to share information about their knowledge practices. Data analysis was inductive and revealed multiple personal KM activities common among research participants, and the way these are supported by informal ties and various technologies.

Findings

This work highlights ways in which “shadow information technology” undergirds personal knowledge infrastructures and supports KM and KB practices in the context of management consulting firms. The results uncover how personal knowledge infrastructures emerge from personal KM and KB practices, and the role of informal social networks as well as social media in supporting personal KM and KB.

Research limitations/implications

This study contributes an overall conceptual model of factors that help knowledge workers build a personal knowledge infrastructure. By affording an understanding of socially embedded personal KM activities, this work helps organizations create a balance between KM strategies at the organizational level and personal knowledge goals of individual workers.

Originality/value

Much of the previous research on KM adopts organizational approaches to KM, accentuating how organizations can effectively capture, organize and distribute organizational knowledge (primarily through KM systems).

Details

Information and Learning Sciences, vol. 122 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-5348

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Article
Publication date: 13 February 2025

Karthik Rajashekar Kavuri, Srinivasa Prakash Regalla, Suresh Kurra and Prakash Narayan Shrivastava

This study aims to enhance hygiene and structural performance in additively manufactured (AM) below-knee prosthetic sockets by optimizing ventilation and structural integrity…

3

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to enhance hygiene and structural performance in additively manufactured (AM) below-knee prosthetic sockets by optimizing ventilation and structural integrity through advanced design methodologies, including topology optimization (TO) and design for additive manufacturing (DfAM).

Design/methodology/approach

A transtibial prosthetic socket was digitally modeled from image data of the residual limb of an amputee and fabricated using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material using fused deposition modeling. TO and DfAM rules were applied to achieve the multi-objective design of ventilation, weight reduction and structural integrity by introducing geometric discontinuities. The level of this achievement was evaluated through finite element analysis (FEA) and mechanical testing using a novel lobe bending test.

Findings

This study found that TO significantly reduced stress concentrations and improved the strength-to-weight ratio of the socket. Mechanical testing revealed a critical failure load of 918.5 N, validated by FEA, which indicated peak stresses of 37.91 MPa. A 5 mm thick socket with circular discontinuities demonstrated enhanced ventilation and mechanical resilience.

Research limitations/implications

The focus on ABS material and specific socket designs may limit the generalizability of findings to other materials and designs.

Practical implications

The optimized socket design provides a cost-effective, high-performance solution for improving comfort and durability in below-knee prosthetic sockets within AM applications.

Originality/value

This research introduces innovative testing methods, including the lobe bending test and uses advanced optimization techniques, addressing challenges in ventilation and mechanical performance. The insights gained are valuable for future prosthetic socket design advancements.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 22 October 2024

Inas Zaki Hadi Al-Araji, Meenaloshini A/P Satgunam, Abreeza Noorlina Bt Abd Manap, Kadhim K. Resan and Ahmed K. Muhammad

The purpose of this study was to fabricate a flexible inner socket with enhanced stiffness and hardness distribution by using the functional gradient method (FGM). The FGM…

13

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to fabricate a flexible inner socket with enhanced stiffness and hardness distribution by using the functional gradient method (FGM). The FGM technique can improve the comfort and flexibility of amputees through the use of a socket that is built via the direct method.

Design/methodology/approach

Six flexible inner socket samples were fabricated with varying weight fractions of rice husk ash-to-silicone rubber. The tensile strength and hardness of each sample were assessed. Then, numerical analyses were conducted using SOLIDWORKS software to evaluate the pressure distribution on the inner and outer layers of the flexible socket.

Findings

The hardness and stiffness of the fabricated flexible inner socket gradually increased with the weight ratio of rice husk ash-to-silicone rubber, so when it was in contact with the skin, it approximated the stiffness and hardness of the skin to ensure comfort, and when reaching a higher value in the socket contact layer, it prevented penetration through the flexible inner socket. In addition, the pressure distribution at the external layer of the flexible inner socket has improved.

Research limitations/implications

A budget of US$500 limited the research to create a flexible inner socket that keeps the socket from penetrating the skin.

Practical implications

The FGM technique created a flexible inner socket that balances hardness and stiffness to ensure comfort and prevent wounds for its users, lower limb amputees. The commercial value resides in the accessibility of a secure and comfortable flexible inner socket for amputees worldwide, enabling them to overcome the issue of excessive stiffness typically associated with sockets made using the direct method.

Originality/value

This study introduces the use of FGM to fabricate a flexible inner prosthetic socket with enhanced stiffness and hardness distribution. The approach of using varying weight fractions of rice husk ash-to-silicone rubber to improve the comfort and flexibility of prosthetic sockets is a novel contribution to the field. Given the high stiffness of flexible internal sockets and their ability to maintain flexibility in the part in contact with the skin, such sockets manufactured using this method prevent pain and skin ulcers that previously occurred when sockets are manufactured via the direct method.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 28 August 2021

Luca Gabriele De Vivo Nicoloso, Joshua Pelz, Herb Barrack and Falko Kuester

There are over 40 million amputees globally with more than 185,000 Americans losing their limbs every year. For most of the world, prosthetic devices remain too expensive and…

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Abstract

Purpose

There are over 40 million amputees globally with more than 185,000 Americans losing their limbs every year. For most of the world, prosthetic devices remain too expensive and uncomfortable. This paper aims to outline advancements made by a multidisciplinary research group, interested in advancing the restoration of human motion through accessible lower limb prostheses.

Design/methodology/approach

Customization, comfort and functionality are the most important metrics reported by prosthetists and patients. The work of this paper presents the design and manufacturing of a custom made, cost-effective and functional three-dimensional (3D) printed transtibial prosthesis monocoque design. The design of the prosthesis integrates 3D imaging, modelling and optimization techniques coupled with additive manufacturing.

Findings

The successful fabrication of a functional monocoque prosthesis through 3D printing indicates the workflow may be a solution to the worldwide accessibility crisis. The digital workflow developed in this work offers great potential for providing prosthetic devices to rural communities, which lack access to skilled prosthetic physicians. The authors found that using the workflow together with 3D printing, this study can create custom monocoque prostheses (Figure 16). These prostheses are comfortable, functional and properly aligned. In comparison with traditional prosthetic devices, the authors slowered the average cost, weight and time of production by 95%, 55% and 95%, respectively.

Social implications

This novel digital design and manufacturing workflow has the potential to democratize and globally proliferate access to prosthetic devices, which restore the patient’s mobility, quality of life and health. LIMBER’s toolbox can reach places where proper prosthetic and orthotic care is not available. The digital workflow reduces the cost of making custom devices by an order of magnitude, enabling broader reach, faster access and improved comfort. This is particularly important for children who grow quickly and need new devices every few months or years, timely access is both physically and psychologically important.

Originality/value

In this manuscript, the authors show the application of digital design techniques for fabricating prosthetic devices. The proposed workflow implements several advantageous changes and, most importantly, digitally blends the three components of a transtibial prosthesis into a single, 3D printable monocoque device. The development of a novel unibody transtibial device that is properly aligned and adjusted digitally, greatly reduces the number of visits an amputee must make to a clinic to have a certified prosthetist adjust and modify their prosthesis. The authors believe this novel workflow has the potential to ease the worldwide accessibility crisis for prostheses.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 27 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2023

Rafał Wolski, Monika Bolek, Jerzy Gajdka, Janusz Brzeszczyński and Ali M. Kutan

This study aims to answer the question whether investment funds managers exhibit behavioural biases in their investment decisions. Furthermore, it investigates if fund managers…

407

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to answer the question whether investment funds managers exhibit behavioural biases in their investment decisions. Furthermore, it investigates if fund managers, as a group of institutional investors, make decisions in response to central bank’s communication as well as other information in relation to various behavioural inclinations.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive study was conducted based on a questionnaire, which is composed of three main parts exploring: (1) general information about the funds under the management of the surveyed group of fund managers, (2) factors that influence the investment process with an emphasis on the National Bank of Poland communication and (3) behavioural inclinations of the surveyed group. Cronbach’s alpha statistic was applied for measuring the reliability of the survey questionnaire and then chi-squared test was used to investigate the relationships between the answers provided in the survey.

Findings

The central bank’s communication matters for investors, but its impact on their decisions appears to be only moderate. Interest rates were found to be the most important announcements for investment fund managers. The stock market was the most popular market segment where the investments were made. The ultra-short time horizon played no, or only small, role in the surveyed fund managers’ decisions as most of them invested in a longer horizon covering 1 to 5 years. Moreover, most respondents declared that they considered in their decisions the information about market expectations published in the media. Finally, majority of the fund managers manifested limited rationality and were subject to behavioural biases, but the decisions and behavioural inclinations were independent and, in most cases, they did not influence each other.

Practical implications

The results reported in this study can be used in practice to better understand and to improve the fund managers’ decision-making processes.

Originality/value

Apart from the commonly tested behavioural biases in the group of institutional investors in the existing literature, such as loss aversion, disposition effect or overconfidence, this paper also focuses on the less intensively analysed behavioural inclinations, i.e. framing, illusion of the control, representativeness, sunk cost effect and fast thinking. The originality of this study further lies in the way the research was conducted through interviews with fund managers, who were found to be subject to behavioural biases, although those behavioural inclinations did not influence their investment decisions. This finding indicates that professionalism and collectivism in the group of institutional investors protect them from irrationality.

Details

Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, vol. 15 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4179

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 27 September 2022

Matthew Bennett and Emma Goodall

Free Access. Free Access

Abstract

Details

Autism and COVID-19
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-033-5

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Article
Publication date: 18 September 2024

Muhammad Rehan, Jahanzaib Alvi and Umair Lakhani

The primary purpose of this research is to identify and compare the multifractal behavior of different sectors during these crises and analyze their implications on market…

113

Abstract

Purpose

The primary purpose of this research is to identify and compare the multifractal behavior of different sectors during these crises and analyze their implications on market efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

We used multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) to analyze stock returns from various sectors of the Moscow Stock Exchange (MOEX) in between two significant periods. The COVID-19 pandemic (January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021) and the Russia–Ukraine conflict (RUC) (January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023). This method witnesses multifractality in financial time series data and tests the persistency and efficiency levels of each sector to provide meaningful insights.

Findings

Results showcased persistent multifractal behavior across all sectors in between the COVID-19 pandemic and the RUC, spotting heightened arbitrage opportunities in the MOEX. The pandemic reported a greater speculative behavior, with the telecommunication and oil and gas sectors exhibiting reduced efficiency, recommending abnormal return potential. In contrast, financials and metals and mining sectors displayed increased efficiency, witnessing strong economic performance. Findings may enhance understanding of market dynamics during crises and provide strategic insights for the MOEX’s investors.

Practical implications

Understanding the multifractal properties and efficiency of different sectors during crisis periods is of paramount importance for investors and policymakers. The identified arbitrage opportunities and efficiency variations can aid investors in optimizing their investment strategies during such critical market conditions. Policymakers can also leverage these insights to implement measures that bolster economic stability and development during crisis periods.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing a comprehensive analysis of multifractal properties and efficiency in the context of the MOEX during two major crises. The application of MF-DFA to sectoral stock returns during these events adds originality to the study. The findings offer valuable implications for practitioners, researchers and policymakers seeking to navigate financial markets during turbulent times and enhance overall market resilience.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

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Article
Publication date: 11 October 2024

Maqsood Ahmad, Qiang Wu, Yasar Abbass and Shakeel Ahmed

Conventional theories of financial management are notably inconspicuous when considering the influence of heuristic-driven biases and fundamental and technical anomalies on…

347

Abstract

Purpose

Conventional theories of financial management are notably inconspicuous when considering the influence of heuristic-driven biases and fundamental and technical anomalies on institutional investors' investment decision-making performance and market efficiency, particularly, in emerging Asian economies. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which heuristic driven biases (i.e. cognitive heuristic biases and recognition-based heuristic biases) influence institutional investors' investment decision-making, investment performance and perceived market efficiency, with a mediating role of fundamental and technical anomalies and the moderating role of financial knowledge in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through a survey completed by 180 institutional investors trading on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses.

Findings

The results suggest that heuristic-driven biases have a significant negative influence on perceived market efficiency and investment performance and a significant positive effect on investment decisions of institutional investors. Fundamental and technical anomalies appeared to mediate these relationships. The results also revealed that financial knowledge moderates these relationships.

Originality/value

This study pioneers research on the links among heuristic-driven biases, financial knowledge, fundamental and technical anomalies and institutional investors' decisions and performance. This adds to the understanding of the role that heuristic-driven bias plays in investment management activities and enhances the appreciation of various behavioral aspects and their influence on investment decision-making and performance in an emerging market. It also contributes to the literature on behavioral finance, specifically the role of heuristics in investment strategies, which is still in its initial stage in developed countries, let alone in developing countries. The current research contributes to the literature by defining heuristic-driven biases as antecedents and fundamental and technical anomalies as intervening variables for irrational investment decision-making and poor investment performance. In addition, this study underlines the significance of utilizing financial knowledge to manage the antecedents and repercussions of fundamental and technical anomalies.

Details

Journal of Advances in Management Research, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0972-7981

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Article
Publication date: 23 September 2024

Muhammad Nurul Houqe, Michael Michael, Muhammad Jahangir Ali and Dewan Rahman

The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between company reputation and dividend policy.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between company reputation and dividend policy.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, sample of 98,809 firm-year observations from 22 countries covering 2005–2016 were used.

Findings

Firm reputation concerns are associated with higher propensities to pay dividends and payout ratios. Further, this positive effect is more pronounced for firms with high free cash flows, high information asymmetry and low institutional monitoring. The results are robust to an instrumental variable approach, propensity score matching and the Heckman two-stage correction approach while addressing endogeneity concerns.

Practical implications

These findings have significant implications for various stakeholders, such as existing and potential investors, managers, policymakers and regulators, by providing insights into the relationship between corporate reputation and firm dividend payout decisions. Corporate reputation is highlighted as crucial for accessing finance, emphasizing the role of national regulators and policymakers in facilitating firms' efforts to improve their reputation. The study highlights the dynamics of corporate reputation and dividend payout, calling for proactive engagement from regulators and policymakers. Crafting policies conducive to reputation-building can enhance firms' financial prospects, indicating the need for strategic interventions at managerial, regulatory and policy levels. Understanding the influence of economic context is crucial for firms to tailor reputation management strategies and optimize funding opportunities in different economic environments.

Originality/value

Overall, results suggest that reputation serves as a disciplining mechanism, where firms will pay dividends to maintain their reputations.

Details

Meditari Accountancy Research, vol. 32 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-372X

Keywords

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