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Evaluate the performance of progressive collapse of full-scale three-dimensional structure (3D) beam-slab substructures with and without the presence of reinforced concrete (RC) balconies using two concrete mixes [normal concrete (NC) and rubberized concrete (RuC)].

This study examines two concrete mixes to evaluate the progressive collapse performance of full-scale 3D beam-slab substructures with and without the presence of RC balconies using the finite element (FE) method.

The results showed that the vertical loads that affect the structures of the specimens after including the balconies in the modeling increased by an average of 29.3% compared with those of the specimens without balconies. The specimens with balconies exhibited higher resistance to progressive collapse in comparison with the specimens without balconies. Moreover, the RuC specimens performed very efficiently during the catenary stage, which significantly enhanced robustness to substantial deformation to delay or mitigate the progressive collapse risk.

All the experimental and numerical studies of the RC beam-slab substructures under progressive collapse scenarios are limited and do not consider the balcony’s presence in the building. Although balconies represent a common feature of multistory residential buildings, their presence in the building has more likely caused the failure of this building compared with a building without balconies. However, balconies are an external extension of RC slabs, which can provide extra resistance through tensile membrane action (TMA) or compressive membrane action (CMA). All those gaps have not been investigated yet.

This study aims to scrutinize the relationship between the perception of big data (BD) features and the primary outcomes of financial accounting. Likewise, it explores whether financial accounting practices moderate the relationship between BD features and firm sustainability.

The study used a questionnaire survey based on the Likert scale for two distinct groups of participants: academic scholars and industry practitioners operating in the BD era within the energy sector.

The results reveal significant positive associations between BD features and firm performance, reporting quality, earnings determinants, fair value measurements, risk management, firm value, the efficiency of the decision-making process, narrative disclosure and firm sustainability. Besides, the path analysis indicates an indirect impact of BD on firm sustainability via financial accounting practices. The results suggest that energy firms should consider incorporating BD analysis into their financial accounting processes to improve their sustainability performance and create long-term value for their stakeholders.

The findings are particularly interesting to academics in accounting and business to improve the accounting curriculums to fit the technological revolution, especially in the field of BD analytics. Practitioners within energy industries must also refine their skills and knowledge to meet the challenges of BD in the foreseeable future. The results provide important implications for policy setters to revise current financial accounting standards to cope with technological innovation.

The study makes a valuable contribution by critically examining the impact of BD on various financial accounting practices neglected in prior research. It highlights the transformative power of BD in the domain of financial accounting and provides insights into its potential implications for energy firms.

Rapid urbanization and economic progress generate a significant quantity of waste from the built environment. Unawareness among the key stakeholders about the statutory requirements for waste management leads to ineffective practices and severe environmental concerns. The aim of this study is to develop an integrated statutory waste management framework (ISWMF) for the built environment to identify and implement the legal aspects of waste management practices in a national context.

About eight waste management rules were considered to identify the statutory requirements from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. A total of 12 statutory requirements for the seven organizational contexts were identified. Through inferential statistics, stakeholder awareness about the legal requirements of waste management practices was assessed. An integrated statutory waste management framework was developed and evaluated by implementing it in a one-year case study project.

The results observed that 70% of stakeholders in the built environment are unaware of the statutory requirements for the waste management practices. The framework’s adoption correctly identified the statutory requirements for waste management practices in different organizational contexts. Implementing the statutory requirements in the case study project resulted in a reduction of 308 tons of CO₂ emissions. Furthermore, the circular economy promoted 35.67 tons of recyclable materials. Also, enabled the organization to maintain all the compliance requirements related to the aspects of waste management.

The researchers will use the findings to understand the statutory requirements for waste management practices in the built environment. A continuous improvement interface shall be further developed to synchronize the upcoming amendments or changes in the statutory requirements.

The research findings will enable industry practitioners or any organization to identify and understand their statutory requirements for waste management practices. Implementing the framework will mutually benefit the organization and the environment.

The research findings promote awareness about the statutory requirements of waste management practices among the stakeholders in the built environment. Furthermore, the actual implementation of the proposed framework significantly increases recycling promotion and reduces the environmental CO₂ footprint.

This study is the first to take into account the actual statutory requirements for various wastes generated from the built environment within a national context. The proposed framework can also be applied in other national contexts, taking into account the relevant waste management rules and acts. Additionally, the reported benefits encompass both environmental and economic aspects.