R.J. Popplestone, A.P. Ambler and I. Bellos
In the paper we describe a language for instructing assembly robots. This language has been implemented in an experi‐mental form on the DEC system 10 computer at Edinburgh. Since…
Abstract
In the paper we describe a language for instructing assembly robots. This language has been implemented in an experi‐mental form on the DEC system 10 computer at Edinburgh. Since assembly robots resemble numerically controlled machine tools, we chose to use the APT language as the syntactic basis for the new language so that people accustomed to numerical control could readily adapt to it. We shall refer to this language as RAPT ‐ (Robot APT). It should be noted that the syntactic and semantic components of RAPT are sufficiently independent for other syntactic conventions to be used with the RAPT semantic interpreter.
W.B. Heginbotham, A. Pugh, D.W. Gatehouse and D. Law
The realisation of a practical generally versatile variable product assembly machine is still far from reality. However, in the same way that a generation 1 Industrial Robot can…
Abstract
The realisation of a practical generally versatile variable product assembly machine is still far from reality. However, in the same way that a generation 1 Industrial Robot can achieve high levels of versatility within certain restricted activities e. g. paint spraying ‐ spot welding etc., then by the correct choice of product and product design high levels of versatility can be achieved with assembly machines.
This thesis concerns with a computer‐controlled assembly system using a robot. The system performs simple assemblies, determines the three dimensional position and orientation of…
Abstract
This thesis concerns with a computer‐controlled assembly system using a robot. The system performs simple assemblies, determines the three dimensional position and orientation of parts which are supplied one by one, grasps the part from its respective appropriate direction, and inserts it into the other part.
Gabriele Ciciurkaite and Robyn Lewis Brown
Food insecurity and hunger are found to have important adverse mental health effects, and have been of particular interest to epidemiologists and public health scholars. The…
Abstract
Purpose
Food insecurity and hunger are found to have important adverse mental health effects, and have been of particular interest to epidemiologists and public health scholars. The primary goal of the present study is to expand our understanding of the mental health effects of food insecurity by assessing gender-based disparities among a nationally-representative sample of U.S. adults.
Methodology/approach
Using data from the combined 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 cycles of The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (N=11,539), we estimated multiple ordinary least squares and binomial models using adult food insecurity measures and self-reported gender as main predictors of depressive symptoms and alcohol use.
Findings
Our results demonstrate that food insecurity is associated with depressive symptoms but not alcohol consumption. Additionally, we found an association between food insecurity and increased psychological distress among women relative to men. In contrast, no evidence of a difference in the association between food insecurity and alcohol use was observed across the two genders, indicating that experiences of food insecurity are particularly salient for psychological health among women.
Implications and originality
These findings add to the growing literature that household food insecurity has serious mental health consequences, and extend this work by clarifying ways in which gender accounts for differences in the association between food insecurity and psychological and behavioral outcomes.
Details
Keywords
John H. Andreae and Bruce A. MacDonald
Mobile robots with dextrous hands and sophisticated sensory systems will require intelligent, knowledge‐based, expert controllers. A design is developed for a robot controller…
Abstract
Mobile robots with dextrous hands and sophisticated sensory systems will require intelligent, knowledge‐based, expert controllers. A design is developed for a robot controller which can acquire task knowledge as it interacts in the world with its human users. The design is based on four reasonable assumptions which lead to a theoretical framework for robot learning systems. The framework is called a multiple‐context learning system. It is a production system with multiple templates for forming productions as the system interacts with the world. Elaborations of the framework and experimental tests of the system are discussed.
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Keywords
A central problem of industrial robotics today is the development of systems for real‐world automatic assembly operations. Research groups in the US, UK, and Japan are currently…
Abstract
A central problem of industrial robotics today is the development of systems for real‐world automatic assembly operations. Research groups in the US, UK, and Japan are currently taking a systems approach to computer‐controlled manipulation and are emphasizing hand/sensor/assembly‐task interactions. This paper surveys memory + sensory control prototypes and eye‐hand coordination prototypes at IBM, University of Nottingham, Hitachi, and Mitsubishi.
The design of vision algorithms for industrial applications is often considered to be an artform. In this article Roy Davies demonstrates that it can be a science.
There are still many barriers to the industrial use of vision. One company attempting to overcome the barriers is General Motors. They have developed several practical methods…
Three themes in complex information processing are revealing themselves to be mutually interconnected: problem‐solving mechanisms, automatic program writing, and the organization…
Abstract
Three themes in complex information processing are revealing themselves to be mutually interconnected: problem‐solving mechanisms, automatic program writing, and the organization of large bodies of knowledge in machine memory. Interconnections are discussed in the contexts of chess and of automatic assembly. Reference is also made to automated chemistry systems.