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Uniform nanostructured TiO₂ thin film has been applied as an over coat on micro‐arc oxidized substrate, using the sol‐gel method. The anticorrosion performance of the coating have been evaluated using electrochemical techniques. Owing to increasing application of light alloys in industry, the purpose of this paper is to report effort to increase the corrosion and wear resistance properties of these alloys by applying a TiO₂ nanostructured coating using the sol‐gel method on the micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) surface. This approach will decrease the time for the MAO process, especially for achieving good mechanical properties, and will minimize energy consumption as well as achieving better results from the obtained coatings.

Sol‐gel coatings were deposited (on titanium substrates) by spin coating techniques. The morphologies and nanostructures of thin films were analyzed using scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscopy and grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The anticorrosion performance of the coating has been evaluated by using electrochemical techniques. Tafel polarization measurements provide an explanation for the increased resistance of nanostructured TiO₂ coated specimen against corrosion. Effective sol‐gel coating parameters were optimized with respect to this enhancement. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements showed the role of barrier layer on corrosion resistance of MAO and nanostructured TiO₂ coating.

The results showed that i_corr is decreased from 0.258 to 0.169 (μA/cm²). An optimized TiO₂ nanostructured coating with thickness of 74 nm will shift the open circuit potential (OCP) about 165 mV and will improve the corrosion prevention properties of coated samples. Corrosion resistance by these duplex coatings can be improved by a factor of more than three times, compared to that of the uncoated substrate. Increasing the coating thickness to more than 74 nm will decrease the physical and corrosion properties of coated samples. It can be concluded that samples with the optimized coating showed higher values of charge transfer resistance, due to the presence of a newly formed layer that accounted for the greater corrosion protection.

The results obtained in this research into nanostructured coating can be used wherever good corrosion and wear resistances are required.

The speed of treatment by this technique makes this method very suitable for industrial surface treatment of different components.

This study aims to investigate the effect of electrodeposition parameters (i.e. time and voltage) on the properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) coating fabricated on Ti6Al4V surface.

A full factorial design along with response surface methodology was utilized to evaluate the main effect of independent variables and their relative interactions on response variables. The effect of electrodeposition voltage and deposition time on HA coatings Ca/P molar ratio and the size of deposited HA crystals were examined by structural equation modeling (SEM). The formation of plate-like and needle-like HA crystals was observed for all experiments.

The results obtained showed that the higher electrodeposition voltage leads to lower Ca/P values for HA coatings. This is more significant at lower deposition times, where at a 20-minute deposition time, the voltage increased from 2 to 3 V and the Ca/P decreased from 2.27 to 1.52. Full factorial design results showed that electrodeposition voltage has a more significant effect on the size of the deposited HA crystal. With increasing the voltage from 2 to 3 V at a deposition time of 20 min, the HA crystal size varied from 99 to 36 µm.

The investigation delved into the impact of two critical parameters, deposition time and voltage, within the electrodeposition process on two paramount properties of HA coatings. Analyzing the alterations in coating characteristics relative to variations in these process parameters can serve as a foundational guide for subsequent research in the domain of calcium-phosphate deposition for implants.

This paper aims to investigate the effects of deposition time on the structure and anti-corrosion properties of a micro-arc oxidation (MAO)/Al coating on AZ31B Mg alloy.

The study describes the fabrication of the coating via a combined process of MAO with multi-arc ion plating. The structure, composition and corrosion resistance of the coatings were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical methods.

The Al-layer is tightly deposited with a good mechanical interlock along the rough interface due to the Al diffusion. However, the Al layer reduces the anti-corrosion of MAO-coated Mg alloy because of structural defects such as droplets and cavities, which act as channels for corrosive media infiltration towards the substrate. Fortunately, the Al layer improves the substrate corrosion resistance owing to its passive behaviour, and the corrosion resistance can be enhanced with increasing deposition time. All results indicate that a buffer layer fabricated through the duplex process improves the interfacial compatibility between the hard coating and soft Mg alloys.

An MAO/Al duplex coating was fabricated via a combined process of MAO and physical vapour deposition. MAO/Al duplex coatings exhibit obviously passive behaviours on AZ31 Mg alloy. The structure and corrosion resistance of MAO/Al coatings were investigated.

This paper aims to prepare high corrosion-resistant chromium-free zinc-aluminum (Zn–Al) coatings reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and nano-ZnO particle composites.

The morphology, composition and corrosion resistance of the coatings were analyzed by electrochemical tests, water contact angle tests, immersion tests, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction.

The composite coating with 0.3% MWCNTs and 0.5% nano-ZnO particles demonstrated both high shielding performance and cathodic protection performance, which was attributed to the porosity filling of MWCNTs and nano-ZnO particles together with the electrical connection of MWCNTs between the zinc and aluminum powders.

This work laid an experimental foundation for the preparation and corrosion mechanism of high corrosion-resistant chromium-free Zn–Al coating reinforced with MWCNTs and nano-ZnO particles.

The purpose of this paper is to improve the corrosion resistance of the 6061-Al alloy as the battery pack material for electric vehicles, and the nano-SiC/MAO composite coating was prepared.

The corrosion resistance of coatings was evaluated by the global electrochemical test, and the local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) was used to study the local corrosion mechanism. The laser confocal microscope, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to characterise coatings.

Results showed that the impedance of nano-SiC/MAO coating was 1–2 times higher than MAO coating, and the main corrosion product was Al(OH)₃. LEIS results showed that the impedance of the nano-SiC/MAO coating was two times higher than the MAO coating. The defective SiC/Micro-arc oxidation coating still had high corrosion resistance compared to the MAO coating.

The physical model of the local corrosion mechanism for SiC/MAO composite coating in “cavity-fracture collapse” mode was proposed.

SiO₂ and SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were coated by sol–gel dipping method on carbon steel 178 (178 CS). Nanostructure and phase properties of nanocomposite coating were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared studies. Electrochemical polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were used to study the corrosion behavior of 178 CS that was coated with SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposite and SiO₂ coating in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. The results indicated that SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposite coating performed better in terms of corrosion resistance compared with SiO₂ coating. The corrosion resistance of SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposite coating could be increased significantly in by approximately three and seven times of that of SiO₂ coating and bare 178 CS, respectively.

SiO₂ and SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were coated using sol–gel dipping method on carbon steel 178. Electrochemical polarization and EIS tests have been used to study the corrosion behavior of 178 CS that was coated with SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposite and SiO₂ coating in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution.

Results indicated that SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposite coating performed better in terms of corrosion resistance compared with SiO₂ coating. The corrosion resistance of SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposite coating could be increased significantly in by approximately three and seven times of that of SiO₂ coating and bare 178 CS, respectively.

The SiO₂-ZrO₂ nanocomposite coating film showed significant improvement in corrosion resistance of 178 CS. The highest polarization resistance of the nanocomposite coating film was 10,600 Ω/cm² from SiO₂-0.2 ZrO₂.

Manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have already noticed the tangible benefits offered by artificial intelligence (AI). Several approaches have been proposed with a view to support them in the processes entailed in this innovation path. These include multisided platforms created to enable the connection between SMEs and AI developers, making it easier for them to network each other. While such platforms are complex, they facilitate simultaneous interaction with several stakeholders and reaching out to new potential users (both SMEs and AI developers), through a collaboration with supporting ecosystems such as digital innovation hubs (DIHs).

Mixed methods were used. The literature review was performed to identify the existing approaches within and outside the manufacturing domain. Computer-assisted telephonic (in-depth) interviewing , was conducted to include perspectives of AI platform stakeholders and collect primary data from various European countries.

Several challenges and barriers for AI platform stakeholders were identified alongside the corresponding best practices and guidelines on how to address them.

An effective approach was proposed to provide support to the industrial platform managers in this field, by developing guidelines and best practices on how a platform should build its services to support the ecosystem.

Food service demands a greater concern with food security, as around two million people in the world, among them the majority of children, die from foodborne diseases. The purpose of this study deals with the adoption of the COOK CHILL system, in the principles of the hazard analysis and critical control point system (HACCP), within a food and nutrition unit of a petroleum refinery, to enable food security and cost reduction operational services in food services by using the traditional method of food production. To do so, hygienic-sanitary diagnosis based on Brazilian ANVISA standards is carried out.

The company that served as an object for the case study is an oil refinery located in the northeast region of Brazil, divided into 55 units with a production capacity of 323.000 barrels/day. For reasons of confidentiality, it will be referenced throughout the text of this work as Refinery.

With the implementation of the system, it was possible to reduce operational costs, food waste and energy and to provide safe food and increasing customer satisfaction.

The improvement achieved with the production of food quality was the adoption of the COOK CHILL system in the application of HACCP through the use of value (D) to control the biological CCP and monitoring through the control sheets.