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This paper explores the relationship between social movement protest, economic sabotage, state capitalism, the “Green Scare,” and public forms of political repression. Through a…
Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between social movement protest, economic sabotage, state capitalism, the “Green Scare,” and public forms of political repression. Through a quantitative analysis of direct action activism highlighting the Earth Liberation Front and Animal Liberation Front, the discourse surrounding mechanisms of social change and their impact on state power and capitalist accumulation will be examined. The analyses examines the earth and animal liberation movements, utilizing a Marxist-anarchist lens to illustrate how these non-state actors provide powerful critiques of capital and the state. Specifically, the discussion examines how state-sanctioned violence against these movements represents a return to Foucauldian Monarchical power. A quantitative-qualitative history will be used to argue that the movements’ actions fail to qualify as “terrorism,” and to examine the performance of power between the radical left and the state. State repression demonstrates not only the capitalist allegiances between government and industry, but also a sense of capital’s desperation hoping to counter a movement that has produced demonstrable victories by the means of bankrupting and isolating corporations. The government is taking such unconstitutional measures as a “talk back” between the revolutionary potential of these movements’ ideology as well as the challenge they present to state capitalism.
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In this chapter, the linkages between environment- and disaster-related issues are reviewed in the context of urban planning in developing countries. The focus is on urban areas…
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In this chapter, the linkages between environment- and disaster-related issues are reviewed in the context of urban planning in developing countries. The focus is on urban areas, with the aim to understand processes in urban systems that are distinct from those in rural villages/towns. Over the past few decades, more people have started living in cities in comparison to rural areas. This shift has led to an increase in the global urban population, which became larger than the rural population in 2007 (United Nations Habitat [UNHABITAT], 2008). The majority of this urban growth has taken place in cities located in developing countries, predominantly in the Asian and African region (UNHABITAT, 2008). Furthermore, it is estimated that up to 95 percent of the total global population increase will be in cities (UNDESA, 2010). Mainly cities in low- and mid-income countries are experiencing trends of urbanization (UNHABITAT, 2008). Projections suggest that 8 out of total 29 new megacities by 2025 will be in developing countries (UNDESA, 2010); therefore, the vast amount of growth will take place in many small and medium cities (UNDESA, 2010; United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction [UNISDR], 2009).
– The purpose of this paper is to attempt to predict the fiber diameter of melt blowing nonwovens by means of physics model.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to attempt to predict the fiber diameter of melt blowing nonwovens by means of physics model.
Design/methodology/approach
The effects of the processing parameters on the fiber diameter is studied using the established physics model.
Findings
The results show that the predicted and experimental values agree well, the physics model produces more accurate and stable predictions, which also indicates that the physics model is really an effective and available modeling method for predictors.
Originality/value
The results show the great potential of this research for computer assisted design of the melt blowing technology.
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Shiu-Wan Hung, Jia-Zhi Lin and Ping-Chuan Chen
This study aims to examine how the social capital embedded in health communities influences the knowledge sharing of participating members and drives their organic food…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine how the social capital embedded in health communities influences the knowledge sharing of participating members and drives their organic food consumption.
Design/methodology/approach
The structural equation modeling method was used to analyze 228 group members in health knowledge communities established by multi-level marketing firms. Non-response bias was also assessed statistically and appropriate measures taken to minimise the impact of common method variance.
Findings
The empirical results showed that: structural capital has no significant relationship with members' knowledge sharing; both the relational and cognitive capital positively affect members' knowledge sharing; members' knowledge collecting behaviour positively affects their purchase intention toward organic foods, but their knowledge donating behaviour has no significant effect; members' purchase intention toward organic foods positively affects their actual purchase behaviour.
Practical implications
This paper indicates that higher quality of social capital embedded in that health community would increase more interactive opportunities for participating consumers to understand the organic foods through community activities, and strengthen the organic food value cognition of community members. Hence, companies can make good use of health communities to modify the customers' value propositions, thereby driving their organic food consumptions.
Originality/value
Unlike many other empirical studies, this study makes an important contribution to the literature by examining how social capital influences consumers' organic food consumption and their adoption of organic food's values in a detailed manner.
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Sally Eaves and Stephen Harwood
A new form of learning space has emerged across the world, marking a shift from Do-It-Yourself to Do-It-Together. This space, generically known as a makerspace, is located in…
Abstract
A new form of learning space has emerged across the world, marking a shift from Do-It-Yourself to Do-It-Together. This space, generically known as a makerspace, is located in accessible and affordable venues, both within communities and serving communities. It offers a resource that allows people to discover their latent capabilities through exploration, experimentation and iteration, alongside the knowledge openly shared by those around them. The underlying rationale is found in the work of John Dewey, notably Democracy and Education (D&E, 1916). This chapter examines this newer form of space to gain insight into what it implies for learning and education. It commences with a reflection of salient aspects of Dewey’s D&E (1916) and how this informs understanding on what is desirable in a learning space. This is followed by a reflection upon research on makerspaces to establish how they can be conceptualized. A case study provides rich insights into characteristics, ethos and practices, while acknowledging that each space is unique and not representative of them all. Nevertheless, it foregrounds the essence of what defines a makerspace. The chapter closes with discussion of the implications and what may be concluded.
Whatever has transpired between the publication of Dewey’s D&E (1916) and the present, his vision of the empowered individual clearly manifests in the makerspace. It allows individuals to break free from the limitations of the formal educational system and, as part of a social learning community, discover their potential in new, natural, non-linear and often unexpected ways. Further, and perhaps only just beginning to be understood, is its wider potential to ignite alternative approaches on how to contribute to society and catalysing new directions for the future of work. With increasing research insights alongside broadened awareness of the possibilities, individuals can gain the capability to design and build for their future – that is only limited by their capacity to imagine it.
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The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the integration of intelligences plays a great role in changing the organisational and national culture and, in consequence, in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the integration of intelligences plays a great role in changing the organisational and national culture and, in consequence, in changing governmental intelligence (GI). This paper investigates the impact of national culture (NC) and knowledge management (KM) on GI.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper explores the development of a culture knowledge intelligence model (CKI) to test a number of propositions through web-based survey methodology administered to 101 civil servants of two national public administrations, Brazil’s Planning Ministry and Germany’s Bundesanstalt. The data were analysed quantitatively through SPSS and SmartPLS (CFA and SEM). In this paper, the relationships between the variables (hypotheses) were empirically tested using structure equation modelling (SEM).
Findings
The high correlation between organisational/national culture on GI raises the discussion of these relationships in the academic community. The impact of organisational/national culture on GI is much higher in Brazil than in Germany. In opposition to Germany, in Brazil, the GI is more influenced by culture than by knowledge. This is related to the fact that German culture, in opposition to Brazil, is future- and performance-orientated, getting information from facts, books and statistics, instead of being people-oriented, getting the first-hand (oral) information. The major practical implication is to demonstrate the importance of integration of intelligences to improve GI.
Originality/value
The influence of NC on decisions of governments is paramount to understand failures in government decisions, mainly because of the difficulty of public leaders to learn by comparison and collaboration from a global, participative and integrative vision and action. Despite the importance of the relationship between NC and GI, this intuitive juxtaposition has not received attention in the literature.
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The polymer air-drawing model of spunbonding nonwovens has been established. The influence of the density and the specific heat capacity of polymer melt at constant pressure…
Abstract
Purpose
The polymer air-drawing model of spunbonding nonwovens has been established. The influence of the density and the specific heat capacity of polymer melt at constant pressure changing with polymer temperature on the fiber diameter have also been studied. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
TDMA method is used to solve the difference equations.
Findings
It can be concluded that a lower polymer throughput rate, a higher polymer melt initial temperature, a higher air initial temperature, and a higher air initial velocity can all produce finer fibers.
Originality/value
The results also reveal the great potential for this research in the computer-assisted design of spunbonding technology.
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The purpose of this paper is to varify, the air drawing model and the air jet flow field model of dual slot shape die for a polymer in a melt blowing process were established, by…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to varify, the air drawing model and the air jet flow field model of dual slot shape die for a polymer in a melt blowing process were established, by the experimental results obtained with experimental equipment.
Design/methodology/approach
The air jet flow field model is solved by introducing the finite difference method. The air drawing model of polymers in the melt blowing process was studied with the help of the simulation results of the air jet flow field.
Findings
The higher air initial velocity and air initial temperature can all yield finer fibers and causes the fibers to be attenuated to a greater extent.
Originality/value
The predicted fiber diameter agrees well with the experimental result, which verifies the reliability of these models. At the same time, the results also reveal the great potential of this research for the computer-assisted design of melt blowing technology.