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Article
Publication date: 3 November 2023

Marcin Szczęch and Kuldip Raj

Ferrofluid seals are known for their low friction torque and high tightness. However, they have some limitation due to the allowable rotational speed. The work presented here…

80

Abstract

Purpose

Ferrofluid seals are known for their low friction torque and high tightness. However, they have some limitation due to the allowable rotational speed. The work presented here analyzes the performance of newly designed seals which are a combination of a ferrofluid and a centrifugal seal. The new seals can operate at high speeds. The purpose of this study is to theoretically predict the performance of combined seals.

Design/methodology/approach

Three seals were designed and selected for analysis. A version of the seals with a nonmagnetic insert is also considered, the purpose of which is to facilitate the installation and return of ferrofluid during low rotational speeds. The analyses were based on combining the results of numerical simulation of magnetic field distribution with mathematical models.

Findings

A combination of ferrofluid sealing and centrifugal sealing is possible. Analyses showed that the combined seal could hold a minimum pressure of 190 kPa in the velocity range of 0–100 m/s. The problem with this type of seal is the temperature.

Originality/value

New seal designs are presented. Key parameters that affect the seal operation are discussed. A methodology that can be used in the design of such seals is presented.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2023-0221/.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 75 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1970

R.J.G. Walker

TO THE SEAL manufacturer, the whole question of sealing is a complex and profound subject, but it is his aim to make it as simple as possible to the people who will actually…

56

Abstract

TO THE SEAL manufacturer, the whole question of sealing is a complex and profound subject, but it is his aim to make it as simple as possible to the people who will actually depend upon the efficient functioning of his product. We have come a long way since the days when oiled lengths of leather and rope were wound into inadequate glands, for it became obvious, almost from the outset, that a more reliable means of sealing had to be discovered. Loss of system pressure, and loss of lubricant can bring machinery to a grinding halt.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 22 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1999

P.K. Khanna, S.K. Bhatnagar and W. Gust

A critical analysis of packaging and sealing methods for integrated circuits, hybrid microcircuits and multichip modules has been done. The best hermetic and high yield weld seal

1138

Abstract

A critical analysis of packaging and sealing methods for integrated circuits, hybrid microcircuits and multichip modules has been done. The best hermetic and high yield weld seal is examined along with other conventional seals like solder seal, frit seal and plastic seal with special emphasis on materials and processes involved in each case. An overview of emerging technology is also presented. A comparative analysis is made for selection of the right technology and material for a particular requirement.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1960

KENNETH R. BOREHAM

HOW OFTEN does one hear the aggrieved tones of a sufferer asking why he must put up with leakage troubles ? All too frequently such situations occur in all of the very many…

43

Abstract

HOW OFTEN does one hear the aggrieved tones of a sufferer asking why he must put up with leakage troubles ? All too frequently such situations occur in all of the very many branches of hydraulics and it seems a pity that in many instances the trouble need not have occurred at all. Obviously, the art of scaling is far from perfect and, in fact, this branch of technology is undergoing some fairly radical development at the present time. Nevertheless, although seals are a necessary evil, many of the occasions when seal trouble is experienced could have been averted if the correct seal had been chosen in the first place and then used to the best advantage.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 12 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 6 February 2025

Jingyu Cao, Jiusheng Bao, Yan Yin, Cheng Liu, Xiaolong Wang and Jiao Yang

This study aims to develop a large gap nanomagnetic liquid sealing technology to address the problems of significant deformation, vibration, and radial oscillation caused by harsh…

8

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to develop a large gap nanomagnetic liquid sealing technology to address the problems of significant deformation, vibration, and radial oscillation caused by harsh working conditions such as low assembly and processing accuracy, heavy load, and high speed in mechanical equipment.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the principle of magnetic liquid sealing structure, a large gap magnetic fluid sealing scheme based on axial and radial distribution was proposed, equipped with self-made silicone oil–based magnetic fluid. Taking the common roller in mining equipment as an example, sealing performance tests were conducted using a mining roller running resistance test bench in the simulated underground environment.

Findings

In routine environmental tests, the running resistance of the new magnetic liquid sealing roller is reduced by an average of 7.6% and 34.3% compared to the labyrinth sealing roller, respectively; In long-term environmental tests, the running resistance of the new magnetic liquid sealing roller decreased by an average of 16.2% compared to the labyrinth sealing roller, it is recommended to equip it with self-made silicone oil–based magnetic fluid; In vibration environmental tests, the running resistance of the new magnetic liquid sealing roller is more stable compared to the magnetic liquid sealing roller with only axial distribution.

Originality/value

The research results have important theoretical and practical value in compensating for the shortcomings of magnetic fluid sealing structure and expanding the application fields of magnetic fluid.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 8 July 2024

Yunlei Wang, Zhishuang Hao and Jiuhui Wu

This study aims to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a high-speed mechanical seal by considering the flow regime, cavitation phenomenon and inertia effect.

92

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a high-speed mechanical seal by considering the flow regime, cavitation phenomenon and inertia effect.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the high-speed conditions of a mechanical seal with a low-viscosity fluid, a multi-factor coupled lubrication model of a mechanical seal is established. The perturbation Reynolds equation set is derived using the perturbation method, and the effects of turbulent flow and inertia on sealing performance are discussed.

Findings

The results indicate that turbulence significantly influences the dynamic characteristics of low-viscosity fluids under high-speed conditions.

Originality/value

The results of the dynamic characteristics presented in this study are expected to provide guidance for the design of mechanical seals.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 76 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 26 June 2007

Erdem Koç and Emel Ceyhun Sabir

The main purpose of the research work carried out is to investigate the hydraulic balance conditions of the sealing ring of a mechanical radial face seal in terms of the residual…

699

Abstract

Purpose

The main purpose of the research work carried out is to investigate the hydraulic balance conditions of the sealing ring of a mechanical radial face seal in terms of the residual load acting on the ring by employing the theoretical model developed mentioned in the first part of the investigation.

Design/methodology/approach

The end load balance conditions for the movable seal ring have been examined by considering the residual load acting on the ring under all running conditions. The main lubrication and sealing mechanism is assumed to be due to the existence of the relative tilt between the mating surfaces, which is formed by the bearing misalignment. The aim of the theoretical model developed is to predict the necessary minimum film thickness between the relatively moving surfaces by considering the non‐dimensional running (operating) conditions and the geometrical parameters defined. The theoretical model is based on the main differential equation (Reynolds' equation) which is achieved by adopting the standard finite difference form.

Findings

Under the combination of the hydrostatic clamping forces and hydrodynamic restoring forces, an equilibrium position is reached with the seal ring displaced from its central position. At a particular non‐dimensional pressure, the seal ring comes into contact with the stationary plate and this limits the upper value of pressure that can be resisted by the mechanical seal type examined without metal‐metal contact. With the theoretical model developed, it was found that the minimum film thickness between the realtively moving surfaces could be predicted.

Originality/value

This paper provides a considerable scientific contribution to the field of lubrication and sealing aspect of the mechanical radial face seals. The results presented in the first part of the investigation and the remarks outlined in this paper would be considered as a design tool for the seal designers with special reference to ring behaviour under hydrodynamic and hydrostatic conditions.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 59 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 13 March 2007

Emel Ceyhun Sabir and Erdem Koç

The main purpose of the study is to develop a theoretical model being capable of analysing the sealing and hydrodynamic‐hydrostatic lubrication mechanisms occuring between the…

899

Abstract

Purpose

The main purpose of the study is to develop a theoretical model being capable of analysing the sealing and hydrodynamic‐hydrostatic lubrication mechanisms occuring between the mating surfaces of mechanical face seals.

Design/methodology/approach

The theoretical model developed is based on solving the governing basic lubrication equation (Reynolds differential equation) by employing a finite difference method. The main lubrication machanism is assumed to be converging‐diverging wedge which is formed by the relative tilt of the sealing surfaces. The non‐dimensional Reynolds equation was solved to give the pressure distribution and consequently the load and moment acting on the movable seal ring. The aim of the model is to predict the non‐dimensional hydrodynamic and hydrostatic load carrying capacity of the system.

Findings

Theoretical model developed is capable of estimating the hydrodynamic and hydrostatic behaviour of mechanical radial face seals. It is shown that a converging‐diverging wedge mechanism produces hydrodynamic pressure which in turn maintains the seperation of the surfaces. The tilt appears to be caused mainly by bearing misalignment. It has been shown that hydrostatic load or pressure centre is an important parameter for load balance of moving seal ring. It is easy and useful to calculate the dimensional parameters defined taking into account the different geometrical and operating parameters.

Originality/value

This paper offers a quick and easy opportunity to examine the hydrodynamic behaviour of movable seal ring of a mechanical face seal and provides a considerable contribution to the lubrication and sealing research area. With the general theoretical model developed, the behaviour of the seal ring can be modelled and estimated.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 59 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1988

A.G. Herrity

Seals have an essential function in most rotating or reciprocating machinery, being fitted with the primary purpose of keeping lubricant in and contaminant out. The classification…

58

Abstract

Seals have an essential function in most rotating or reciprocating machinery, being fitted with the primary purpose of keeping lubricant in and contaminant out. The classification diagram (Figure 1) indicates the big range of seal categories and types currently available.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 40 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 30 June 2007

Jung Ung Min and Minyoung Park

Recently, the United Statesgovernment plans to introduce electronic container seals on all imported containers as a mandatory requirement. Further, containers without electronic…

547

Abstract

Recently, the United Statesgovernment plans to introduce electronic container seals on all imported containers as a mandatory requirement. Further, containers without electronic seals may be prohibited or restricted for import based on this planned regulation. An electronic seal is a tamper-free seal with radio frequency identification (RFID) chips embedded in it. It could provide additional security information such as the tamper evidence and the history of tampering status. In this paper, a brief review of the types of container seals, the characteristics of electronic seals, and their system components are presented. International efforts for securing cargo security are also reviewed including Container Security Initiative (CSI), Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT), and International Standards Organization (ISO) requirements. Finally, the current issues and the status of technology development are discussed with future directions as a final word

Details

Journal of International Logistics and Trade, vol. 5 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1738-2122

Keywords

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