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The purpose of this study is to analyse facilitators and constraints of Portuguese south‐eastern residents face when making decisions for leisure travel participation.

The inquiry anchors on a case study research, supported by a theoretical sampling and data triangulation. The main findings result from an interpretative and comparative analysis of 48 long interviews.

The research findings suggest that the main determinants of leisure traveling decisions of Portuguese south‐eastern residents are motivations, travel companion, time and money. The study finds 35 other factors, most of which classified as structural factors. It also suggests that the decision to take leisure travels derives from the tourist's causal historical wave, and that most of the factors which influence the decision are aggregate ones rather than individual.

The study limitations derive from the geographical and sampling scope of analysis, restricted to 48 Portuguese south‐eastern interviewees; but, it raises some interesting ideas which, if applied to a more extensive sample, may contribute to give insights of the usefulness of the ecological systems theory to explain tourist consumer behavior.

The study is the first to explore the decision for travel leisure participation from an ecological perspective in Portugal.

I suppose that most noticeable of all the changes in our profession since I came into it has been the multiplicity of the methods by which one can become a librarian. A. E. Standley says in a recent article in the L.A.R., in 1970: “The term librarian includes the Library Association chartered librarian, the graduate with a degree in librarianship, the scholar librarian, the information and intelligence officer, the translator, the abstracter, the non‐library‐qualified subject expert”.

LOUGHBOROUGH was the first of the post‐war schools to be established in 1946. This resulted from negotiations of representatives of the Library Association Council with technical and other colleges which followed their failure to secure facilities within the universities on the terms of the L.A. remaining the sole certificating body. The late Dr. Herbert Schofield accepted their terms and added a library school to already varied fields of training within his college.

The purpose of this paper is to define key characteristics and income‐generating activities of modern celebrity chefs based on a review of their operations in selected regions of the world. It also aims to examine business models, including growth through internationalisation, and attendant challenges.

Findings are based on analysis of secondary data from academic and practitioner materials in the public domain collected from a range of print and electronic sources.

Despite individual differences, celebrity chefs share certain defining characteristics and activities. They have risen to prominence in countries such as the UK and USA where they comprise a powerful commercial force and their influence is apparent in certain of the more economically advanced parts of East Asia, demonstrated by developments in Singapore. The trend can be seen as an example of globalisation, although securing the growth and sustainability of celebrity chef enterprises at home and abroad is a demanding task.

Commercial opportunities are explored as well as some of the problems to be resolved by stakeholders in the celebrity chef industry.

Research into aspects of the business of celebrity chefs is limited, especially with reference to selected East Asian markets, and the paper offers some new insights into the celebrity chef phenomenon there and more widely.