Shruti Garg, Rahul Kumar Patro, Soumyajit Behera, Neha Prerna Tigga and Ranjita Pandey
The purpose of this study is to propose an alternative efficient 3D emotion recognition model for variable-length electroencephalogram (EEG) data.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to propose an alternative efficient 3D emotion recognition model for variable-length electroencephalogram (EEG) data.
Design/methodology/approach
Classical AMIGOS data set which comprises of multimodal records of varying lengths on mood, personality and other physiological aspects on emotional response is used for empirical assessment of the proposed overlapping sliding window (OSW) modelling framework. Two features are extracted using Fourier and Wavelet transforms: normalised band power (NBP) and normalised wavelet energy (NWE), respectively. The arousal, valence and dominance (AVD) emotions are predicted using one-dimension (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) convolution neural network (CNN) for both single and combined features.
Findings
The two-dimensional convolution neural network (2D CNN) outcomes on EEG signals of AMIGOS data set are observed to yield the highest accuracy, that is 96.63%, 95.87% and 96.30% for AVD, respectively, which is evidenced to be at least 6% higher as compared to the other available competitive approaches.
Originality/value
The present work is focussed on the less explored, complex AMIGOS (2018) data set which is imbalanced and of variable length. EEG emotion recognition-based work is widely available on simpler data sets. The following are the challenges of the AMIGOS data set addressed in the present work: handling of tensor form data; proposing an efficient method for generating sufficient equal-length samples corresponding to imbalanced and variable-length data.; selecting a suitable machine learning/deep learning model; improving the accuracy of the applied model.
Details
Keywords
Veerendra Anchan, Rahul Manmohan, Vernika Agarwal and Arshia Kaul
This study aims to examine the obstacles and approaches to achieving sustainable development in India’s cement solid and hollow brick production business, with a specific emphasis…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the obstacles and approaches to achieving sustainable development in India’s cement solid and hollow brick production business, with a specific emphasis on incorporating the triple bottom line (TBL) concept into strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Design/methodology/approach
Using the step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA)–weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) approach, the study prioritized 11 economic, 9 environmental and 14 social sustainability indicators based on information collected from literature and expert opinions.
Findings
The study provides valuable insights into the difficulties encountered by SMEs while implementing strategies that focus on the TBL. By putting emphasis on the sustainability criteria, the key areas that require attention to promote sustainability get identified and addressed.
Research limitations/implications
The study’s focus on SMEs in this industry limits its generalizability. To have a more complete picture, future studies may include many areas.
Practical implications
The identified and prioritized sustainability characteristics help small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) design strategies to address sustainable development concerns. The research findings could also inform policymakers and regulatory bodies about the challenges faced by SMEs in the cement and brick production sector regarding sustainability. It could highlight the need for supportive policies and regulations to promote sustainable practices and incentivize SMEs to adopt the TBL approach. The paper can offer practical insights for SME owners and managers on integrating sustainability principles into their business strategies. Actionable recommendations and best practices for enhancing environmental performance, social impact, and economic viability within the context of cement and brick production are outlined.
Social implications
TBL policies improve the sustainability and profitability of small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) and promote environmentally and socially responsible practices that benefit the industry and society. The research paper may facilitate greater engagement and collaboration among various stakeholders involved in the cement and brick production industry, including SMEs, larger corporations, government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and local communities. This cooperative approach can encourage open communication, the establishment of trust and coordinated actions to tackle sustainability challenges, ultimately improving social cohesion, and collaboration.
Originality/value
This study provides new and valuable insights by investigating the development of TBL strategies in SMEs in the cement solid and hollow brick manufacturing sector in India. The utilization of the SWARA–WASPAS technique brings novelty to research on sustainable development in this field.
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Ilse Valenzuela Matus, Jorge Lino Alves, Joaquim Góis, Paulo Vaz-Pires and Augusto Barata da Rocha
The purpose of this paper is to review cases of artificial reefs built through additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and analyse their ecological goals, fabrication process…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review cases of artificial reefs built through additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and analyse their ecological goals, fabrication process, materials, structural design features and implementation location to determine predominant parameters, environmental impacts, advantages, and limitations.
Design/methodology/approach
The review analysed 16 cases of artificial reefs from both temperate and tropical regions. These were categorised based on the AM process used, the mortar material used (crucial for biological applications), the structural design features and the location of implementation. These parameters are assessed to determine how effectively the designs meet the stipulated ecological goals, how AM technologies demonstrate their potential in comparison to conventional methods and the preference locations of these implementations.
Findings
The overview revealed that the dominant artificial reef implementation occurs in the Mediterranean and Atlantic Seas, both accounting for 24%. The remaining cases were in the Australian Sea (20%), the South Asia Sea (12%), the Persian Gulf and the Pacific Ocean, both with 8%, and the Indian Sea with 4% of all the cases studied. It was concluded that fused filament fabrication, binder jetting and material extrusion represent the main AM processes used to build artificial reefs. Cementitious materials, ceramics, polymers and geopolymer formulations were used, incorporating aggregates from mineral residues, biological wastes and pozzolan materials, to reduce environmental impacts, promote the circular economy and be more beneficial for marine ecosystems. The evaluation ranking assessed how well their design and materials align with their ecological goals, demonstrating that five cases were ranked with high effectiveness, ten projects with moderate effectiveness and one case with low effectiveness.
Originality/value
AM represents an innovative method for marine restoration and management. It offers a rapid prototyping technique for design validation and enables the creation of highly complex shapes for habitat diversification while incorporating a diverse range of materials to benefit environmental and marine species’ habitats.