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The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether tourism destination competitiveness is associated with human development using contingency tables. Also, by means of a cluster analysis, it seeks to identify homogeneous groups of tourists.

The analysis relies on the Travel and Tourism Development Index and Human Development Index for 2021 and is applied to 81 countries with a high/very high level of human progress and 36 countries with a medium/low level.

The results show that infrastructure is the tourism dimension that has the greatest influence on human development for all countries, while conditions for doing business and sustainability are relevant to residents’ quality of life only in destinations with a high/very high level of progress. Cluster analysis points to India as a tourist destination that is markedly different from the other countries in its human progress, presenting much higher values for price competitiveness, infrastructure and natural and cultural resources.

It analyses the association between each one of the dimensions of tourism development and the Human Development Index.

Entrepreneurial intention is crucial in both entrepreneurship literature and practice. However, limited information exists regarding entrepreneurs’ intentions in the realm of social enterprise creation. This study aims to determine the social entrepreneurial intentions of Generation Z students within the Indian environment by utilising the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and its applicability using personality factors like risk-taking ability, proactivity, empathy and emotional intelligence.

A survey method was used, and data was collected by Generation Z individuals at three public universities in India using a self-administered questionnaire. The study used a purposive sampling technique, and further, the model was tested using the partial least square-structural equation modelling technique.

The study findings supported the proposed model of extended TPB, demonstrating that factors such as emotional intelligence, risk-taking ability and proactiveness are found prominent in Indian students. Furthermore, the role of gender as a control variable reflected no effect on social entrepreneurial intentions.

This research enhances the literature on social entrepreneurship by offering novel insights into social entrepreneurial intention. It is among the pioneers of its type to examine social entrepreneurial intent concerning personality factors among students of higher education institutions. This study provides interesting insights for universities and policymakers since they play a crucial role in promoting these antecedents through education and stimulation by enhancing entrepreneurial culture in developing countries.

Considering the historical evolution of innovation dynamics, and its paradoxical state, and answering Nelson (2008) and Winter (2014), this paper aims to analyze the dynamics of innovation within the context of the Evolutionary Economic Theory. Specifically, this study looks to unravel the moderating influence of university cooperation on the relationship between innovation expenditure and innovation results. This study aims to provide valuable insights and evidence that can inform strategic decision-making for policymakers and businesses striving to foster innovation-driven economic growth in an ever-evolving global landscape.

The quantitative methodology adopted in this study involved harvesting data from the Latin American Innovation Survey (LAIS) database and cleaning it up using Python to ensure data integrity. Subsequently, SPSS, coupled with the PROCESS macro, was employed to conduct moderation analysis. This methodological approach enabled the examination of the intricate interplay between innovation expenditure, university cooperation and innovation outcomes within a large sample of firms, thereby easing a robust exploration of the hypothesis.

The research highlights the moderating role of university cooperation, showing that collaborative partnerships amplify the impact of innovation spending on innovation results, advancing the understanding of the impact of university-business collaborations. Additionally, the results revealed a positive relationship between innovation expenditure and innovation results, underscoring the significance of R&D investments.

This study highlights the role of university-industry collaborations in enhancing innovation investment outcomes in Latin America. It suggests that managers should proactively engage with universities to access advanced research and foster a culture of innovation. These partnerships can significantly boost a firm's competitive edge and innovation success, marking them as crucial in the rapidly evolving economic environment.

The originality of the paper relies on bridging theoretical concepts from the Evolutionary Economic Theory framework with empirical insights of the moderating role of university cooperation. It addresses a theoretical gap, with a new methodology and offers insights into the complex relationship between universities, businesses and innovation in a constantly changing economic environment, making it clearer how these connections can help boost innovation in practical ways.

This study proposes a new framework for business process improvement (BPI) by identifying areas of improvement based on customer complaints.

The proposed framework comprises several stages. The first stage captures the voice of customer (VoC) in the form of customer complaints. The complaints are processed using text mining and sentiment analysis. Negative sentiments indicate areas for improvement by matching words with SERVQUAL dimensions. The FMEA method is used to identify business processes that need to be improved.

The opposing quality dimensions of SERVQUAL can be incorporated into a database for later identifying consumer complaints. FMEA can be used to identify potential failures in aspects that correspond to consumer complaints; therefore, improvement areas can be identified. The proposed framework, applied to a garment manufacturer, shows that the SERVQUAL dimensions, which were originally intended for service companies, can be adapted to manage customer complaints to support BPI in manufacturing companies.

The framework can be used by either the manufacturing or service industries to handle customer complaints and use the complaint analysis results to identify improvement areas to avoid the same complaints occurring in the future.

In this study, the construction of a database based on the SERVQUAL dimension to match sentiment results, where negative sentiment indicates improvement, and the use of FMEA to indicate specific business processes that should be improved is novel and has not yet been proposed by previous studies.