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During World War I, more than 11,000,000 children, or over half of all schoolchildren in America, joined their local Junior Red Cross and engaged in volunteer war work. What these children learned in school from their work with the Junior Red Cross, as well as those who did the same work outside of the organization, was an important part of the war work underway in the nation. While they may not have been working for wages, they were still an essential part of the war work economy. Across the nation, they made thousands of quilts, not just for the soldiers in the hospitals but also for the orphans of France, Belgium, and Armenia. Their colorful and warm quilts are the perfect example of youthful resistance against the pallid and cold realities of war. By focusing more on the journalism of the day, rather than the secondary sources related to the economics of the war, this chapter strives to tell their stories and return to the children the praise and admiration they got during the war for their dedication to their country that was, unfortunately, forgotten over time. By making these quilts, the children not only showed great patriotism and interest in the war, for they were responsible for providing comfort to the casualties of war and hope for the survivors of genocide, but they also served as valuable economic sources in the war economy. And as we all know, a good citizen contributes to the economy, and good citizens deserve recognition.

The institutional structures established by French and British colonists continue to shape the socio-economic landscape of sub-Saharan Africa, potentially contributing to the unequal distribution of child poverty. This study, therefore, has significant relevance as it aims to estimate child poverty disparities within the context of colonial origins in Francophone and Anglophone African countries.

This study utilised data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2000 and 2019 involving 22 sub-Saharan African states. A rights-based framework was applied based on the SDG-updated Gordon et al. (2003) methodology to measure child poverty. We then compared child poverty disparities between colonial origins using one-way ANOVA tests and risk ratios to quantify the magnitude of these differences.

Critically high estimates of sanitation and housing poverty (above 70% prevalence) were observed in the two colonial settings. Children in Francophone states were 1.4 times (RR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1–1.8) more likely to experience higher risks of low medical access, almost twice as likely to experience low vaccine uptake (risk ratios-RR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2–2.8) or no formal education (RR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1–2.5). All other dimensions were equal between colonial origins.

Due to its cross-comparative approach, this study is restricted in making conclusive inferences regarding the causal relationship between colonialism and health/education poverty. Also, given the limited number of countries, particularly Anglophone countries, our sample may not fully represent all French and British ex-colonies. As a follow-up to this study, we intend to repeat this analysis using the harmonised Multiple Indicator Cluster (MIC) surveys, providing a larger number of countries.

Despite similar household poverty levels in both colonial settings, Francophone states had lower access to health and education services than Anglophone states. These findings indicate deeper systemic issues that may be rooted in the historical governance styles of centralisation. More effective decentralisation of healthcare and education services in Francophone countries and improved government commitment to addressing household poverty throughout sub-Saharan Africa are imperative.

The purpose of this paper is to use Delphi technique to assess the applicability of coupling various project delivery methods (PDMs) and contract strategies (CSs) for delivery of public building projects (PBP) in Ethiopia.

To achieve the objective of this research, an online Delphi study was designed, conducted and analyzed using various statistical procedures. Results were compared to CII’s project delivery and CS (PDCS) tool, a US-based PDM selection tool.

This study converged in the third round signifying a consensus on the importance of design–build and construction manager at risk as alternatives to design–bid–build. In addition, “controlling schedule growth” was deemed to be a major performance measure that needs to be considered for PBP in Ethiopia, a result consistent with the outcomes from CII’s PDCS tool.

Among existing studies, none to the best of the authors’ knowledge has focused on a holistic approach to identify the most appropriate pairings of PDMs and CSs for PBP which was critically needed due to the magnitude and high stakes of these projects. This research is a steppingstone toward gaining knowledge on how to approach these types of projects in fast-growing environments thirsty for new building projects such as in Ethiopia.

Autoethnography as a methodology has proved increasingly attractive to higher education researchers in recent years, particularly those in marginalized positions. This article examines the extant research literature, focusing on the origins and meaning of the approach, how it has been applied in practice and the issues and critiques that have been raised. It concludes that collaborative forms of autoethnography probably offer the best way forward.

This study aims to describe on-site determination of pH in aquaculture using a portable colorimeter.

A basic and inexpensive portable colorimeter having light sources of different wavelength has been optimized for the determination of pH. A chromic reagent is optimized to develop colors depending on different pHs. Then, the color is measured using portable colorimeter in terms of resistance. Using the resistance to absorbance relationship, the resistance values are converted to absorbance. The performance of the developed colorimetric system is compared with commercially available colorimeter and pH meter. Eighty brackish water aquaculture samples were tested using the developed colorimetric system to check its adaptability in aquaculture farms.

A chromic reagent optimized in this study exhibited linear relationship with the pH changes of pH standards. Portable colorimeter having three different light sources is optimized using this chromic agent for determination of pH. Colorimeter possessing yellow light revealed more linear results than the others. The developed colorimetric system determines the pH of aquaculture water with an accuracy of ±0.14 in comparison with commercial colorimeter at the pH range of 6.0−9.0.

pH plays a pivotal role in aquaculture, impacting not only productivity but also profitability. The colorimetric system introduced in this research is promising for pH measurement in the field of brackish water aquaculture. The on-site pH assessment facilitated by this colorimetric system holds significant potential for adoption within the aquaculture sector, owing to its precision, portability, simplicity of use and user-friendly nature.

The paper explores the ramifications of rising costs of living on accounting fraud (ACF) as well as how it disrupts the effect of staff bonding (SB) on ACF tendencies.

Data were collected from 310 respondents using a structured questionnaire and analysed using the partial least squares structural equation model.

The study reveals that rising costs of living increase ACF tendencies, while SB reduces it. However, the study also shows that costs of living decrease the effectiveness of SB as a corporate governance measure, aligning with the Stimulus, Capability, Opportunity, Rationalisation, and Ego (S.C.O.R.E.) theory.

The paper’s theoretical contribution is consistent with the S.C.O.R.E. theory. The study concluded that working with hungry employees, whose disposable incomes are further worsened by rising costs of living, is not only an anticipatory accident but also a timed bomb waiting to explode. Hence, as the leading study on the intricate relationships, one takeaway from the study is that strengthening SB conditions and maintaining salary parity with rising costs of living are two excellent strategies for mitigating ACF.

This final chapter encapsulates the key moments and leadership lessons from Taylor Swift’s career. Throughout the book, we’ve seen Swift’s visionary leadership, creativity, resilience, and authenticity. By exploring her strategic decisions and transformative leadership style, we offer aspiring leaders actionable insights on setting clear goals, motivating others, embracing innovation, and leading with integrity. As we conclude, we shift from reflection to action, encouraging readers to apply these principles in their own leadership journeys.

The purpose of this review is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of financial fraud exploiting the elderly by mapping its evolution, identifying major metrics and discussing directions for future research.

A bibliometric analysis was conducted, based on 434 articles retrieved from the Web of Science that represent the academic literature on the topic from 1995 to the first quarter of 2024. This paper analyses the antecedents of financial fraud exploiting the elderly, the publication trends and the most prolific countries, institutions, journals, research areas and authors. Bibliometric analyses based on co-citation and co-words explore the intellectual structure of the topic. A bibliographic coupling analysis reveals the hottest research trends in this field.

A significant increase in the number of publications in recent years shows the importance gained by this research stream. The bibliometric analysis identifies four clusters throughout the literature: differentiation of types of elder abuse; protection of the elderly from fraud; cognitive and decision-making capacity in ageing; and factors influencing fraud victimization of the eldest. The most recent research lines identified through bibliographic coupling focused on the contextual and personal antecedents of financial exploitation of the elderly, as well as the possible impact of interventions. Several key research gaps and additional suggestions for further studies, as well as action lines for the financial authorities and economic agents, are outlined.

This paper contributes to knowledge about financial fraud exploiting the elderly synthesizing the existing literature, stressing that the banking industry has to deal with such financial fraud in the context of a growing relevance of the silver economy.