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Different pathways of frailty care to prevent or delay progression of frailty and enable people to live well with frailty are emerging in primary and community care in the UK. The purpose of the study is to understand effective frailty care pathways and their components to inform future service development and pathway evaluation in primary- and community-care services.

A rapid evidence review was conducted: 11 research publications met the inclusion criteria and were analysed using narrative thematic synthesis.

There is strong evidence that resistance-based exercise, self-management support, community geriatric services and hospital at home (HAH) improve patient health and function. In general, evaluation and comparison of frailty care pathways, components and pathway operations is challenging due to weaknesses, inconsistencies and differences in evaluation, but it is essential to include consideration of process, determinant and implementation of pathways in evaluations.

To achieve meaningful evaluations and facilitate comparisons of frailty pathways, a standardised evaluation toolkit that incorporates evaluation of how pathways are operated is required for evaluating the impact of frailty pathways of care.

The effects of redundancy are well known, ranging from the emotional and physiological to the domestic and financial. There is a direct link between the loss of a job, the lowering of self‐esteem and the other “feel good” factors that go with employment. The received message is no work, no worth, but, is all this necessarily true?

The principles of TQM are becoming increasingly important in the public sector due to demands for increased levels of stakeholder satisfaction and government cost reduction and performance programmes. The aim of this paper is to investigate how the principles of total quality management (TQM) are being sustained in the UK public sector by contributing to improved performance levels. Six quality frameworks, which incorporate to various degrees the principles of TQM and which are applied in public sector organisations, were chosen for the study. The research methodology involved focus groups, a survey questionnaire and semi‐structured interviews. The questionnaire response rate was 62 per cent, involving 163 public sector organisational responses. The results indicate that quality frameworks play a key role in improving organisational performance over time. Furthermore, the business excellence model (BEM) and Investors in People (IiP) model were seen as providing a suitable range of improvement mechanisms and performance measures which were relevant to the public sector.

Discusses the role of the HR specialist as we approach the new millennium. Observes the shift in the workplace from office to teleworking and cyber‐management, along with the potential problems of remote working, and the role of video conferencing and the Internet. Finally contrasts the changing pattern of working life with the benefits of a more flexible workforce. In conclusion, emphasizes the changes in work style of workers themselves and of the HR function, with the personnel specialist being seen as the conductor of a work interface: that between the virtual world of information, and the real world of people.

The aim of this paper is to outline key social marketing issues apparent in deceptive weight‐loss advertising, from the perspective of government policy‐makers, manufacturers, the media, and consumers. The purpose is to examine the complexity of one aspect of the obesity battle and provide a framework for coordinated and integrated social marketing initiatives from a multiple stakeholder perspective.

The results of deceptive weight‐loss advertising are framed using the harm chain model, and the paper offers recommended solutions based on a framework of marketing, education and policy changes across the network of stakeholders.

This paper concludes that a resolution to the harm created by deceptive weight‐loss advertising can be achieved by the creation of a more holistic, system‐wide solution to this important health and policy issue. This networked approach must involve all aspects of harm in a multi‐stakeholder solution, including both upstream and downstream integration. Specific recommendations are made for policy‐makers, manufacturers, the media, and consumers to achieve this goal.

From a marketing perspective, analyzing the issue of deceptive weight‐loss advertising using the harm chain allows for the creation of a more holistic, system‐wide solution involving stakeholders in all aspects of harm for this important health and policy issue.

This research examines the problem of obesity and weight‐loss advertising from the unique perspective of the harm chain framework. The authors make unified recommendations for various stakeholders including industry, media, government and consumers, in order to direct integrated social marketing and consumer‐oriented strategies within this industry.

Depression is a usual comorbidity in patients with Parkinson's disease. It has been known for more than 50 years that electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) has a positive effect on the muscular symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Many countries do not allow giving ECT for this indication. We have recently treated a resident patient in an acute psychiatric facility referred to the hospital with moderate depressive symptoms and strong suicidal ideation. Before and after a series of ECT he filled out the Beck Depression Inventory and the Antonovsky Sense of Coherence test. The scores before ECT were 20 and 2.69, respectively, and after 12 treatments 14 and 3.38. Both test results indicate improvement regarding level of depression and coping in life. The physiotherapists treating him observed that his rigidity was reduced and his gait improved. Muscular tonus was reduced and increased his tendency of falling as he had less tonus in muscles close to joints. Self help efficiency in daily tasks improved. He got cognitive impairment during and in the weeks after ECT. Electroconvulsive treatment should be offered to more patients with Parkinson disease and depression in order to lessen the burden of both depression and Parkinson symptoms.