Effect of Ce and Sb doping on microstructure and thermal/mechanical properties of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Ce and Sb doping on the microstructure and thermal mechanical properties of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder. The effects of 0.5%Sb and 0.07%Ce doping on microstructure, thermal properties and mechanical properties of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder were investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

According to the mass ratio, the solder alloys were prepared from tin ingot, antimony ingot, silver ingot and copper ingot with purity of 99.99% at 400°C. X-ray diffractometer was adopted for phase analysis of the alloys. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to study the effect of the Sb and Ce doping on the microstructure of the solder. Then, the thermal characteristics of alloys were characterized by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Finally, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elongation (EL.%) and yield strength (YS) of solder alloys were measured by tensile testing machine.

Findings

With the addition of Sb and Ce, the ß-Sn and intermetallic compounds of solders were refined and distributed more evenly. With the addition of Sb, the UTS, EL.% and YS of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu increased by 15.3%, 46.8% and 16.5%, respectively. The EL.% of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu increased by 56.5% due to Ce doping. When both Sb and Ce elements are added, the EL.% of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu increased by 93.3%.

Originality/value

The addition of 0.5% Sb and 0.07% Ce can obtain better comprehensive performance, which provides a helpful reference for the development of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-free solder.

Citation

Liu, F., Wang, Z., Zhou, J., Wu, Y. and Wang, Z. (2024), "Effect of Ce and Sb doping on microstructure and thermal/mechanical properties of Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder", Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, Vol. 36 No. 3, pp. 174-184. https://doi.org/10.1108/SSMT-08-2023-0044