Index
Corruption, Accountability and Discretion
ISBN: 978-1-78743-556-8, eISBN: 978-1-78743-555-1
ISSN: 2053-7697
Publication date: 24 October 2017
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
(2017), "Index", Corruption, Accountability and Discretion (Public Policy and Governance, Vol. 29), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 247-262. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720170000029014
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2017 Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
ABC News
, 16
Abdul Enterprises
, 30
Abramoff, Jack
, 31–32, 46–48, 50–53, 55–56, 58
Abramoff/DeLay lobbying scandal
, 31–32
ABSCAM
, 34
scandal
, 28, 30
Abu Ghraib in Iraq
, 174
Access World News
, 148
accountability
, 145, 186, 188, 193
federal agencies
, 215
administration
implications of
, 239–241
Administrative Procedure Act (APA)
, 211–213
AEY, Inc.
, 168
Afghanistan
army and police units
, 168–169
War in Iraq
, 164, 166–170, 172–174
African Americans
, 130
police
, 147
agenda
progressive
, 154
aggregate corruption
and governance indicators
, 10
aggregate indicators
, 12
aggregate political corruption indicators
, 10, 12
Alabama
political corruption
, 14
Alaska
political corruption
, 14
American National Election Study
, 29, 34
American Revolutionary War
, 164
American Tradition Partnership v. Bullock
, 2012, 200
anonymous source
, 228
anti-corruption reform
, 18
anti-federalists
, 132, 207
vs. federalist
, 132
anti-intellectualism
, 173
anti-war protests
, 129
appellate court
, 99
Arpaio, Joe
, 135
assessing political corruption levels.
, 9
attorney
, 87
contributions and perception of impartiality
, 89–96
donations
, 90
number of contributors
, 92
number of large contributors
, 92
Attorney General
, 70
Austin v. Michigan State Chamber of Commerce (1990)
, 65, 190
average bar poll score
, 93
backdoor licenses
, 48
bad whistleblowing
vs. good whistleblowing
, 229
Bakke, Allan
, 210
bar poll
, 90
Becker, Ralph
, 148
bias
, 96–97
“Big Bill,”
, 152
bin Laden, Osama
, 166–167
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002
, 64, 77
Blankenship, Don
, 197
Boeing
, 175
Bormann’s Ernest Symbolic Convergence Theory (SCT)
, 110
Bossie, David
, 186, 190
Breimon, Sergeant
, 149
Brennan Center for Justice
, 197
bribery
, 6, 10–11, 28, 216
entrepreneurs
, 12
legalized
, 58
lobbyists
, 77
public officials
, 31
Brooks, John
, 152
Brown, Jessica Autumn
, 139
Brown, Kwame
, 14
Brown, Michael
, 13, 138
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)
, 209, 209–210
Bryan, William Jennings
, 187
Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
, 62, 63, 188
bullying
, 146
bundlers
, 68
Burbank, Chris
, 148
bureaupathology
, 174
Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth (1998)
, 144
Burton, Bill
, 196
Bush, George H.W.
, 68, 73, 77–78, 130, 194, 220
Bush, Jeb
, 196
Bush administration
, 55, 66
business decision
, 153
Business Environment and Enterprise Survey (BEEPS)
, 13
California Democrat
, 31
California Department of Fair Employment and Housing
, 148
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee
vs. United States Atomic Energy Commission
, 213
campaign contributions
, 47, 58, 86
high court rulings
, 88
campaign finance
, 46, 50–52, 187–189
emerging trend in
, 68–71
history of laws and cases
, 63–65
laws
, 62, 186
reform
, 57, 74
Campaign Reform Act of 2002
, 189
campaigns
cost of running
, 65–68
Caperton, Hugh
, 197
Caperton v. Massey (2009)
, 197
Capitol Hill
, 15
Capone, Al
, 152
Carney, Jay
, 78
case law
on sexual harassment
, 144
casino gambling
, 48
CATO Institute
, 145
CBS’s 60 Minutes
, 171
censure
, 27–28, 30
Center for Political Accountability
, 202
Center for Responsive Politics
, 67, 69
Central Asia
, 11
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
, 217
checks
and balances
, 206, 220
Cheney, Dick
, 169
Chevron two-step
, 212
Chevron v. the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC)
, 212
Chicago
crime, race, and poverty
, 136
machine type politics
, 152
murder rates
, 136
Chicago Cubs
, 199
children living in poverty
, 136
circuit judges
, 90
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971)
, 214
Citizens United
, 52, 65, 67, 186, 201
contribution limits
, 195–198
corporate spending
, 189–190
effect of
, 72–74
getting to
, 187–189
opinion and political accountability
, 191–194
SpeechNow
, 195–196
Citizens United 501(c)(4)
, 198
Citizens United vs. FEC
, 62, 65, 72, 186, 191
City’s Women’s Issues Committee
, 154
civil liberties
, 209
civil rights
minorities
, 129
movement
, 129
Civil Rights Acts
, 144, 210
civil rights era
, 130
civil rights infractions
, 145
civil society
, 175
Clean Air Act (CAA)
, 212
Clinton, Bill
, 130–131
Whitewater real estate case
, 218–220
Clinton, Hillary
, 67, 69, 115, 117, 134–136, 167, 186
Clinton administration
, 131
Clinton-Lewinsky-Starr affair
, 110
closed-door deals
, 11
Colbert, Stephen
, 73
Colbert Report
, 73
Colorado
political corruption
, 14
composite measures
political corruption
, 10
conceptualization
political corruption
, 12
Congress
corruption
, 24, 46–37, 199
judicial review
, 220–222
policymaking
, 36–40
public approval
, 26
public disapproval
, 34
public policies
, 24
scandal
, 26–28
Congressional approval
, 33
Congressional Commission
Wartime Contracting’s Report
, 167
Congressional digest
, 37
Congressional disapproval
, 24, 26, 32–34, 33f, 36–40
corruption
, 32–34
Congressional oversight
, 220
Congressional Research Service
, 169
Congressional scandal
, 24, 30
five contemporary
, 28–32
Congress post-Watergate
, 32
constant comparative method
, 111, 122–123
Constitution
, 206
constitutional law
first amendment
, 186
Constitution’s Due Process Clause
, 197
contracting out
and corruption narratives
, 164
contractor corruption
, 164, 166, 169, 172–173
contribution limits
, 64
control variables
, 92, 93t
conviction rates
, 14
“cooling-off” period
, 55
corporate corruption
, 228
corporate spending
Citizens United
, 189–190
election
, 191
corrupt businessman
Trump, Donald
, 111–113
corruption
See also political corruption
agenda setting and policy implementation
, 171–175
aggregate public perceptions
, 25t
appearance of
, 89
business
, 110
campaign contributions
, 86–89, 96
congress
, 24, 46–47, 188
congressional disapproval
, 32–34
corporate
, 228
in defense contracting
, 176
Departments of Defense and State
, 166
eliminate appearance
, 96–101
general appearance
, 89
governmental
, 228
government trust
, 34–36
media
, 108–109
media coverage in 2016 campaign
, 116–118
narratives and contracting out
, 164
perception of
, 24–26, 100
scandal and media
, 109–110
Corruption Perceptions Index
, 4, 7, 9–13
bribery
, 10
poll of polls
, 10
public sector corruption
, 12
sources
, 10t
CounterPunch
, 237
Cranston, Alan
, 30
Crawford III, John
, 138
crime
, 130
control
, 134–135, 139
empirical studies
, 136
epidemic
, 135
fear of
, 138–139
framing
, 134, 139
gun
, 136
policy
, 129
rates
, 127, 129, 138
reality
, 136–137
social construction
, 132
crime-prone group
, 137
criminal justice
, 130
policy
, 130, 132, 134
reform
, 134
criminal law
, 209
criminal process
, 134
crisis
, 4
Crooked Hillary
, 108, 112, 117
fantasy theme
, 113–116
Crossroads GPS
, 198, 199
Crow, Jim
, 209
Daley, Richard J.
, 152
Daley, Richard M.
, 152
dark money
, 68, 72–74, 187
risk of
, 198–199
Daughterty, Harry
, 216
DC Circuit Court of Appeals
, 195, 200
debates
, 111, 117, 122
DeConcini, Dennis
, 30
defense contract
corruption
, 176
defense policy
, 173
defense procurement
, 173
definitional problems
, 12
Delaware law
, 201
DeLay, Tom
, 32, 46, 50
democracy
, 4
election spending
, 193
United States (U.S)
, 16
democratic principles
, 4
democratic theory
, 146
Democrat National Committee (DNC)
, 69, 216
Democrats
, 131, 228
demonstrations
, 129
Denby, Edwin
, 216
Departments of Defense and State
, 164
corruption
, 166
Department of Energy
, 164
Department of Justice
, 14, 50, 153, 155, 220, 222
dependent variables
, 92
Deputy Police Chief
, 148
Detroit plan
, 99
Dick, Cressida
, 147
Dickstein Shapiro LLP
, 50
DISCLOSE Act
, 74
disclosure
of donors
, 63, 69
promoting
, 201–203
discretion
, 207, 222
discrimination
Civil Rights Acts
, 210
housing
, 210
disqualification rules
, 96–99
See also recusal rules
District Court
United States (U.S)
, 153
District of Columbia
, 207
political corruption
, 13
Dodd-Frank Whistleblower Act
, 240
Doe v. Reed (2010)
, 201
Doheny, E.L.
, 216
Douglas
, 175
Drain the swamp
, 16
Drake, Thomas
, 229, 233–235
dramaturgical approach
, 108
drug abuse
, 133
due process
, 134–135
Dukakis, Michael
, 130, 194
Durenberger, David
, 28
Durkin, Kathy
, 149
Eastern Europe
, 11
economic development
, 17
education law
, 209
elected judge
, 100
election
, 90
election campaign
, 130
Election Campaign Fund Act
, 64
electioneering communications
, 186, 190
election spending
, 187
democracy
, 193
elites opinions
, 8–9
emails
, 113–116
Emancipation Proclamation of 1863
, 209
emolument clause
, 173
empirical studies
attorney campaign contributions
, 86
crime
, 136
political corruption
, 8–9
public official convictions
, 14
endogeneity
, 9
Energy and Commerce Committee
, 49
Ensign, John
, 28
entrepreneurs
bribery practice
, 12
environmental impact statement (EIS)
, 213
Espionage Act
, 228, 240
ethics
, 46–47, 50
exclusionary rule
, 210
Executive Director of Justice
, 87
Executive Order 11246
, 210
Executive Order 12898
, 210
experience-based indicators
, 7
vs. perception-based indicators
, 9
express advocacy
, 189
expulsion
, 27
extensive regulations
, 192
extortion
, 11
Exxon-Mobil
, 79
fact-finding missions
, 47
Fair Housing Act of 1968
, 210
false arrest
, 145
fantasy theme analysis
, 110–111, 113–116
method
, 111
sample
, 111
Faragher v. City of Boca Raton (1998)
, 144
Faulconer, Kevin
, 153
FBI
, 170
federal agencies
accountability
, 215
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
, 30
Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA)
, 57, 63, 188
Federal Election Commission (FEC)
, 64, 74, 188, 190
individual contribution limits on donations
, 64t
federal funding
, 66–67
Federal Home Loan Bank Board (FHLBB)
, 30
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
, 75
federalist
vs. anti-federalist
, 132
Federalist No. 78
, 206
federalist papers
, 206
federal policy
, 154
Federal Register
, 211
feminist theory
non-masculinist public administration
, 146
Fenney, Tom
, 32
financial misconduct
, 28
financial reform bill
, 228
firearms
, 136
First amendment
, 65, 74
constitutional law
, 186
free speech rights
, 191–192
First amendment
, 63, 65, 74
Florida
, 168
Flynn, Michael
, 239
Flynn, Mike
, 114
Ford, Gerald
, 217
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (1977)
, 174
Foster, Vince
, 218
Fourteenth amendment
, 209–210
Fourth amendment
, 210
framing
, 132
of crime
, 134, 139
crime policies
, 129
politics
, 131–133
Franklin, Benjamin
, 237
fraud
and theft
, 145
Freddie Mac
, 56
Freedom of the Press Foundation
, 241
Free Enterprise Club’s PAC v. Bennett
, 2011, 200
free speech
, 209
and association
, 63
free speech rights
first amendment
, 191–192
fundraisers
, 54, 58
fundraising
, 52
Gallup poll
, 129
Gallup survey reports
, 15
gambling
, 48
Garner, Eric
, 138
gender-specific roles
, 146
general treasury funds
, 189
get-tough movement
, 128, 130
Ghani, Ashraf
, 171
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
, 210
gift-giving
, 46–47, 53–54
law reform
, 57–58
laws
, 53
Gingrich, Newt
, 56
Giuliani, Rudolph W.
, 135
Glenn, John
, 30
Global trade in arms
, 176
Goldman Sachs
, 79
Goldwater, Barry
, 129
good whistleblowing
, 229
vs. bad whistleblowing
, 229
governance indicators
and aggregate corruption
, 10
Government Accountability Office
, 169
government corruption
, 16, 228
Gray, Vincent
, 14
Great Depression
, 24
Great Recession of 2008
, 24
Greenberg Traurig
, 50
gun crime
, 136
gun-related violence
, 136
gun violence
, 135
Halliburton
, 169
Hamilton, Alexander
, 206
Hancock, Michael
, 153
Hanna, Mark
, 187
Hanna, Richard T.
, 29–30
Hanson, Polly
, 147
Harding, Warren
, 215
health care reform
, 228
Henson V. Dundee (1982)
, 144
Hespe, Kelly
, 149
Holder, Eric
, 70
Holloway, Norma
, 218
homicides
, 136
Honest Leadership and Open Government Act
, 55
honeymoon period
, 24
Horton, Willie
, 130
hostile workplace
, 144
House Administration Committee
, 32
House Bank
, 31
House Banking Scandal
, 28
House Energy and Commerce Committee
, 50
House Ethics Committee report
, 28
House of Representatives
, 28
housing discrimination
, 210
Hussein, Saddam
, 169
Illinois
political corruption
, 14
Illinois Attorney Registration & Disciplinary Commission
, 90
Illinois Circuit Court Judges
, 89
characteristics of, 91t
Total Attorney Campaign Contributions
, 92t
Illinois State Bar Association (ISBA)
, 90
dependent variable
, 92
independent variables
, 92
membership
, 93
Illinois State Board of Elections
, 90
immigrants
, 137
impartiality
perception of
, 88
incarceration rate
, 128
income inequality
, 17
independent expenditures
, 98, 100–101, 188
Independent Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox
, 217
independent variables
, 92
indices, political corruption
, 12, 14
inflation
, 64
integrity
, 93
predicting integrity scores of judges facing electoral opponents
, 94t
predicting integrity scores of judges without electoral opponents
, 95t
intelligence community
whistleblowing
, 232
Intelligence Identities Protection Act (IIPA)
, 229, 236
interest groups
, 62, 68, 71–72, 76–77, 79–80, 187, 200
Internal Affairs Division
, 149
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
, 73
interracial marriage
, 210
investigative reporting
, 231, 241
Iowa
political corruption
, 14
Iraq
Afghanistan war
, 164, 166–168, 172–174
Iraqi oil wells
, 169
IRS tax code
, 198
issue advocacy
, 72
Jackson, Andrew
, 66, 78
Jefferson, Thomas
, 207
Joel, DeCoursey Jr.
, 150
Johnson, Lyndon B.
, 66
Johnson, Michael
, 25
Jones, Paula
, 218
Jones, Tony Gainesville
, 150
judge
, 96
judicial campaigns
, 89
anonymous contributions
, 99
contributions to
, 91
judicial candidate
, 85–86, 89–90, 93, 97, 100
judicial codes
, 97
judicial disqualification
, 98–99
judicial election
, 87, 96
elimination
, 100–101
judicial review
Administrative Procedure Act
, 211–215
Congress
, 220–222
executive branch
, 215–220
National Environmental Policy Act
, 211–215
precedents
, 209–211
judiciary
, 87, 100
Judiciary Act of 1789
, 207–208
Justice Stevens note
, 194
Kalkbrenner, Kara
, 152
Karzai, Hamid
, 171
Kathy Durkin v. City of Chicago (2003)
, 149
Keating, Charles H.
, 30
Keating, David
, 195
Keating Five
, 30–31
Kellogg Brown
, 169
Kennedy, Anthony
, 191–194, 197, 202
Kentucky
political corruption
, 13
Supreme Court
, 88
Kerry, John
, 190
Kerry, John
, 169–170
kid sister
stereotypical roles
, 147
Kiriakou, John
, 235–237
Kiriakou, John
, 229, 233, 238
Kitching, Patrick
, 153
Koreagate
, 29–30
Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA)
, 29
Lanier, Cathy
, 147
lawyer
, 87–88, 90–93, 96–99
Lawyergate
, 220
leakers
, 237, 240
legislative branch
scandal
, 26
legitimacy
perception of
, 88
Leonard, Glenn Francis
, 170
Lewinsky, Monica
, 218–220
liberal social policy
, 130
liberty
loss of
, 134
limited liability corporations (LLC s)
, 72–73, 196, 202
Lincoln Savings
, 30
Linda Tripp
, 218
linkage institution
, 132
Lions Club
, 198
litigant
, 87
Livingston, Edward
, 208
lobbying
groups
, 75
influence of
, 74–76
Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995
, 55
lobbyist
, 46–47
bribes
, 77
and fundraiser
, 54
influence of
, 74–76
local governments
and municipalities
, 145
local police departments
, 145
Lockheed-Martin
, 175
lock her up
, 110, 112, 114
loopholes
, 46, 53–54, 57
campaign contribution
, 62
Louisiana
political corruption
, 13, 14
Loving v. Virginia 1967
, 210
Macon, Nathaniel
, 208
Madison, James
, 207
Madison Equal Opportunity Ordinance
, 154
Madison General Ordinances
, 154
Mammoth Oil Company
, 216
mandatory sentencing
, 128
Marbury, William
, 207
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
, 207–209
Marshall, John
, 207
Marsh v. Oregon Natural Resource Council (1989)
, 214
Maskell, Jack
, 26
Massey Coal
, 197
Mathews, Carrie
, 150
Mayor’s Memorandum # 3-29
, 154
McCain, John
, 30, 67, 69, 73
McCain-Feingold Act
, 189, 192
McConnell v. FEC (2003)
, 65, 190
McCutcheon v. FEC (2014)
, 200
McDonald, Wayne
, 153
McKinley, William
, 187
McManis, Attorney James
, 148
McNair, Robert
, 69
measurement problems
, 12
media
corruption
, 108–109
corruption in 2016 campaign
, 116–118
and scandal
, 109–110
whistleblowing
, 230–232
Miami
, 168
Middle East
, 11
Mineral Leasing Act of 1920
, 216
Minnesota
political corruption
, 14
Minority Affairs Committee
, 154
Miranda, Ernesto
, 211
Miranda rights
, 211
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
, 210
Mississippi
political corruption
, 14
Missouri, Kyle Brewer
, 150
Mnuchin, Steven
, 79
moneyed interests
, 193
Montana
political corruption
, 14
morality discourse
, 152
Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA)
, 58
Mountain View Police Department
, 148
municipalities
and local governments
, 145
murder rates
Chicago
, 136
Myers, Michael J.
, 28
NASA
, 164
National Association of Realtors
, 75
National Conference for State Legislators (NCSL)
, 64
National Crime Victimization Survey
, 136
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
, 213–215
national policy
political corruption
, 17
National Political Discourse
origins of law and order
, 129–131
national security
, 228–232, 234, 237–240
National Security Advisor
, 239
NATO
, 169
Naval Petroleum Reserve Number Three in 1915
, 215
Navy Yard
, 63
Nebraska
political corruption
, 14
negative advertisements
, 52
New Hampshire
political corruption
, 14
New Orleans Police Department
, 155
New York
corruption
, 13, 14
New York Police Department
, 149
Ney, Bob
, 32, 46
Nixon, Richard
, 130, 216–218
Nixon Tapes
, 188
nonprofit corporation
, 186
nonprofit corporations
, 196, 202
non-profit groups
, 51
Norquist, John of Milwaukee, Mayor
, 153
North Africa
, 11
North Carolina
, 87
North Dakota
corruption
, 14
Obama, Barack
, 27, 66–67, 69, 77, 79, 198, 228, 232
Office of Professional Standards
, 149
Ohio
, 88
one-size-fits-all policy
, 144
opinion polls
, 87
Oregon
corruption
, 14
organizational development
sexual harassment
, 145
organizational dissent
, 229
Packwood, Bob
, 28
Pan-American Oil Company
, 216
Panetta, Leon
, 218
Parlave, Valerie at FBI
, 147
PATRI OT Act of 2001
, 220
patronage
, 78
Pelosi, Alexandra
, 70
Pendleton Act
, 78
Pentagon
, 165, 169
perception
corruption
, 24–26, 100
crime
, 137
perception-based indicators
, 8–9
vs. experience-based indicators
, 9
Per the Center for Responsive Politics
, 69
petition the government
right to
, 74
Pew Research Center
, 24, 29, 34
surveys
, 15–16
Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
, 49
Phoenix Police department
, 149
Pierson, Julia
, 147
plaintiffs
, 214
plant emissions
, 212
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
, 209
police
sexual violence by
, 145
police department
, 145
police department training and socialization
, 145
police militarization
, 128
policy implications
, 96–101
policymaking
effect of disapproval , trust, and scandal on
, 36–40
effect of scandal and trust in government
, 39t
scandal and congressional disapproval
, 38t
policy management
implications for governance
, 154–156
policy reforms
, 54–58
political action committee (PAC)
, 64, 186
fundraising
, 52
system
, 47, 51
political campaigns
, 188
political corruption
, 4, 108
actionable measures
, 13
aggregate
, 10
Alabama
, 14
Alaska
, 14
assessing levels
, 9
causes or consequences
, 8
Colorado
, 14
composite measures
, 10
conceptualization
, 12
definition
, 5–6, 24
District of Columbia
, 13
economic development
, 17
economic growth and
, 17
effects
, 17
elites opinions
, 8–9
empirical studies
, 8
experience-based indicators
, 7
gap
, 9
harmful effects
, 17
Illinois
, 14
income inequality
, 17
indicators
, 4
indices
, 12, 14
Iowa
, 14
Kentucky
, 13
Louisiana
, 13, 14
measurment
, 4, 6–9
Minnesota
, 14
Mississippi
, 14
Montana
, 14
national policies
, 17
Nebraska
, 14
New Hampshire
, 14
New York
, 13, 14
North Dakota
, 14
objective measures
, 5
objective vs. subjective origins
, 5
Oregon
, 14
perception-based measures
, 8–9
perceptions
, 8
political consequences and policy preferences
, 17
political development
, 18
populism
, 17
public perceptions in U.S
, 14–16
pure objective measures
, 7
qualitative narrative analysis
, 13
quantitative data
, 13
real-life case
, 13
reforms
, 18
scale and scope of
, 12
South Dakota
, 14
subjective indicators
, 8
survey-based measures
, 7
type of
, 12
in U.S
, 13–14
Utah
, 14
Vermont
, 14
Washington
, 14
Wisconsin
, 14
political development
political corruption
, 18
political elites
, 131–132
politics
, 130
framing
, 131–133
poll
, 86–87, 90, 92–93, 96
popular media
, 172
populism
and political corruption
, 17
populists
, 188
Post-Citizens United
, 198
post-traumatic stress disorder
, 149
Potter, Trevor
, 73
poverty
, 134
Powell, Lynda
, 79
Power, unequal power relations
, 145
Presidential campaign
, 62, 63, 129, 133, 194
donors
, 66, 70
fund
, 64
Presidential election 2008
United States (U.S)
, 186
Presidential election 2016
United States (U.S)
, 134–136
Presidential elections
, 66, 130, 196
costs
, 67
Presidential Honeymoons
, 37
primaries conventions
, 122
Priorities Action USA
, 196
private-public partnerships
, 172, 176–177
profiteering
, 164, 175
progressive agenda
, 154
progressive interest groups
, 72
progressives
, 188
public accountability
maintaining
, 200–201
public approval
, 29
Congress
, 26
public awareness
sexual harassment
, 146
public campaign
finance
, 99–100
public confidence
, 155
public disapproval
, 27
of Congress
, 34
public disorder
, 129
public financing
, 96, 99–100
public laws
, 36–38, 48
public opinion
, 5, 15
public perception
, 88
public policy
, 78–79, 131
campaign contributions
, 76–80
implications
, 24, 76, 138–139
public sector
corruption
, 12
public service
, 57
public trust
, 26, 32, 153, 155
in government
, 36f
pure objective measures
corruption
, 7
vs. survey-based measures
, 8
qualitative content analysis
, 148
Quasi-Divided Governments
, 37
quid-pro-quo
, 186
standard
, 144
Quinnipiac University polls
, 151
racial discrimination
, 134, 137, 210
racial justice
, 134
rallies
, 54
Raney, Richard
, 150
Rangel, Charles B.
, 27
Ravel, Per Ann M.
, 73
Reagan, Ronald
, 130, 171, 176
reciprocity
, 74
recusal rules
, 96–99
Red State
, 152
reforms
, 53
campaign finance
, 57
gift-giving laws
, 57–58
policy
, 54–58
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
, 210
regression analyses
, 93
Renegotiation Act (1942)
, 175
reprimand
, 27
Republican party
, 133
Republicans
, 228
retaliation
, 230–231
revolving door
, 47–50
halting
, 55–57
Rex Tillerson
, 79
Richardson, Laura
, 27
Ricketts, Todd
, 199
Riegle Jr., Donald
, 30
Roane, Spencer
, 208
Robertson, Julian
, 70
Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizen Council
, 1989, 214
Rojas, Alexander
, 149
Romney, Mitt
, 69, 196
Roosevelt, Theodore
, 188
Root
, 169
Rotary Club
, 198
Rove, Karl
, 198
Salt Lake City’s Human Relations Department
, 148
San Diego City Council
, 153
scandal
, 49
ABSCAM
, 28
Congress
, 26–28
consequences
, 32–36
corruption and media
, 109–110
Koreagate
, 29–30
legislative branch
, 26
Teapot Dome
, 215
Watergate
, 28–29
Schane, Sanford
, 194
Schulz, Dorothy
, 147
Schwartz, Bernard
, 70
second generation
, 10
Secretary of Interior Albert Bacon Fall
, 217
Securities Exchange Commission (SEC)
, 240
Senate Ethics Committee
, 31
separated, segregated funds (SSF)
, 71
separation of powers
, 222
sex object
stereotypical roles
, 147
sexual creep
, 112
sexual harassment
, 144
attitudes toward
, 151–154
organizational development
, 145
public awareness
, 146
workplace
, 144
sexual misconduct
, 145
sexual violence
by police
, 145
shadow lobbying
, 56
shield law
, 231
sinister conclusions
, 87
Sirica, John J.
, 217
Sixth amendment
, 210
social construction of crime
, 132
social policies
, 130
social welfare
, 198
organizations
, 199–200
soft money
, 189
donation
, 189
sought-after policy reforms (SOPA)
, 58
South Dakota
corruption
, 14
Southern Strategy
, 130
South Korea
, 29
Soviet Union invasion in 1979
, 166
Special Legislative Counsel
, 50
SpeechNow.org
, 195, 198
SpeechNow.org v. FEC (2010)
, 195
St. Louis Police Department
, 150
Starr, Kenneth
, 218
state campaign finance laws
, 65
state court
, 86–87, 100–101
state department
, 169
state-level Corruption
, 14
stationary source
, 212
stereotypical roles
kid sister
, 147
mother
, 147
sex object
, 147
women’s liberationist
, 147
Sterling, Jeffrey
, 213
Sterling, Jeffrey
, 229, 233–234, 239
Stevens, John Paul
, 194
Stevens, Ted
, 53
Stewart, Jon
, 73
strong mayors
, 151
Strycker’s Bay Neighborhood Council v. Karlen
, 1980, 214
sub-Saharan Africa
, 11
Sullivan’s Judicial Directory
, 90
SuperPAC
, 52, 57, 62, 68, 72–74, 187, 195–196, 199
Supreme Court
, 188, 190–191, 201
Kentucky
, 88
Supreme Foodservices FZE
, 168
Supreme Foodservices GmbH
, 168
survey-based measures
corruption
, 7
vs. pure objective measures
, 8
swing voters
, 131
Symbolic Convergence Theory
, 110
Taft-Hartley Act
, 63
Taliban regime
, 166
Talmadge, Herman
, 28
Tauzin, Billy
, 49
Tauzin Consultants
, 50
Tavilla, Donna
, 149
Teapot Dome
, 215–216
television advertising
, 66
Tennessee
corruption
, 14
terrorist attacks of September 11 2001
, 24, 33
Texas bar
, 87
theft
fraud and
, 145
The New York Times
, 240
Thomas Jr., Harry
, 14
Tillman Act
, 63
Timm, Trevor
, 241
Tolono Police Department
, 150
topical legislation
, 38, 40
total attorney contributions
, 92
Total Seat Change
, 37, 40
Traficant, James A.
, 28
Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
, 75
Trans-Pacific Partnership
, 75
Transparency International
, 4, 7, 9–13, 25
Transparency International’s Global Corruption Barometer
, 87
Transparency International (TI)
, 165, 172
travel allowance
, 53
Treasury Secretary
, 79
Trump, Donald
, 16, 66–67, 77, 134–136, 172–173
corrupt businessman
, 111–113
Trump, Donald
, 112, 116
Trump administration
, 16, 66–67, 77
Trust in Government
, 24, 26, 29, 32, 35, 35f, 37, 39–40
union election
, 193
United States (U.S)
conviction rates
, 14
corruption
, 13–14, 47
crime epidemic
, 135
crime policy
, 129
criminal justice
, 130
democracy
, 16
election 2016
, 134–136
get-tough movement
, 128
highest incarceration rate
, 128
political corruption
, 13–14
Presidential election 2008
, 186
public perceptions of corruption
, 14–16, 25t
rare occurrence of corruption
, 13–14
slavery era
, 137
United States v. Bethlehem Steel, (1942)
, 175
urban riots
, 129
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
, 168
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
, 75
U.S. Chamber of Commerce Institute for Legal Reform
, 75
U.S. District Court
, 153, 190
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
, 148, 156
U.S. House Committee on Ethics
, 50
U.S. presidential election
, 8
U.S. Supreme Court
, 206
U.S. tax code
, 198
U.S. Treasury fund
, 64
Utah
corruption
, 14
Valdez, Alice
, 150
variables
, 92–96
Vermont
corruption
, 14
Vietnam War
, 129
village of Alsip
, 153
vote buying
, 62
voters
, 108–110
Voting Rights Act of 1965
, 210
Walsh, Thomas J.
, 216
War in Iraq
and Afghanistan
, 169–170
War on Drugs
, 128, 130, 133
War Powers Act
, 175
Wartime Contracting’s Report
Congressional Commission
, 167
Washington
corruption
, 14
Washington Post
, 16
Watchdog groups
, 69
Watergate era
, 188
Watergate scandal
, 28–29, 35, 216–218
Weeks v. United States (1914)
, 210
Weiner, Anthony
, 151
Weintraub, Ellen
, 202
Weiser, Benjamin
, 149
Western Europe
, 11
West Virginia State Supreme Court of Appeals
, 197
whistleblowers
, 228–232, 235, 237, 240–241
war on
, 229
whistleblowing
definition
, 229–230
intelligence community
, 232
journalism’s role
, 230–232
personalization
, 231
White House
, 62, 217
Whitewater real estate case
Clinton, Bill
, 218–220
Williams, Harrison A.
, 28
Williams, Jerri
, 147, 152
Williams-Yulee v. The Florida Bar (2015)
, 202
Wilson, Joe
, 27
Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. (2009)
, 214
Wisconsin
corruption
, 14
women
in organizations
, 146
women’s liberationist
stereotypical roles
, 147
workplace
challenges
, 146
hostile
, 144
policies
, 147
sexual harassment
, 144
Wynn, Albert
, 50
Wyoming leases
, 216
Zelizer, Julian
, 240
zero tolerance policing
, 128, 152
Zimmerman, Shelley
, 153
- Prelims
- Etiology
- Measuring Corruption: Transparency International’s “Corruption Perceptions Index”
- The Price of Corruption in Congress
- Permeation of Corruption in Governance
- Legislative Scandals in the United States
- Campaign Contributions and Vote Buying
- Do Contributions to Judicial Campaigns Create the Appearance of Corruption?
- Media Coverage of Corruption and Scandal in the 2016 Presidential Election: Fantasy Themes of Crooked Hillary and Corrupt Businessman Trump
- Policy Issues
- Crime, Injustice, and Politics
- Mayors’ and Citizen Attitudes toward Sexual Harassment in Police Departments
- Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan: Contractor Corruption and Election Campaigns
- Oversight and Accountability
- Citizens United and Political Accountability
- Judicial Review
- National Security Whistleblowers and the Journalists who tell Their Stories: A Dangerous Policy Dance of Truth-finding, Truth-telling, and Consequence
- Index