Index

Recent Developments in Asian Economics International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics

ISBN: 978-1-83867-360-4, eISBN: 978-1-83867-359-8

ISSN: 1571-0386

Publication date: 1 March 2021

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

(2021), "Index", Barnett, W.A. and Sergi, B.S. (Ed.) Recent Developments in Asian Economics International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics (International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics, Vol. 28), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 439-449. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1571-038620210000028025

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited


INDEX

Index

Accountability
, 341

Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAIOFI)
, 296–297

Accounting infrastructure system
, 339

Additional test
, 79–80

Adhocracy culture
, 19–20

Administrative and Financial Director (DAF)
, 88

Agency

costs
, 402

theory
, 71, 402

Aging society
, 170

Amazon
, 4

Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions (AREAER)
, 146

Asian financial crisis
, 263

Asset turnover (AT)
, 409

Asymmetry (ASYM)
, 352, 355–356, 358

Audit Board of Republic of Indonesia (BPK RI)
, 381

Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF test)
, 161, 194, 253

Automatic Teller Machine (ATM)
, 325

Autoregressive distributed lag approach (ARDL approach)
, 161–162, 190, 197–199, 246–250

Bad debt on bank profitability
, 330–331

Balance sheet decomposition theory
, 401–402

Bank efficiency
, 325–327

on bank profitability
, 331–332

Bank liquidity
, 325

on bank profitability
, 332–334

Bank profitability

bad debt on
, 330–331

bank efficiency on
, 331–332

capital adequacy to
, 330

determinants of
, 326–327

green banking and
, 326

Bank(ing)
, 362 (see also Green banking)

risk
, 369

soundness
, 295, 304

Banking sector development (BSD)
, 190

Bankruptcy
, 398–399

Basel Committee
, 90

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS)
, 85

Behavioral

economics
, 209

finance theory
, 208–210

Biases
, 210

Bilateral exchange rate
, 265

Bilson model
, 257

Bipower variation (BP)
, 224

Black box technology
, 56

Bounds testing
, 253

Broad money
, 149

Bulan Terang Utama (BTU)
, 5

housing
, 5

Online Market
, 5, 10–11

Business

organizations
, 17

process management
, 18

Calderon Rossell models
, 193

CAMEL ratios
, 295, 303

Capital adequacy
, 325–327

to bank profitability
, 330

Capital adequacy, asset quality, management profitability, earning, liquidity, sensitivity to risk method (CAMELS method)
, 295

Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR)
, 325

Capital asset pricing model (CAPM)
, 354

Capital structure
, 282–283, 285

Carroll-type epidemiological model
, 424

modeling heterogeneity using
, 427–431

Cash flow to current liabilities (CFCL)
, 409–410

Cash flow to net worth (CFNW)
, 409

Cash flow to total debt (CFTD)
, 403

Cash Generating Unit (CGUs)
, 86

Cash marketable securities to total assets (CMSTA)
, 410

Cash to current liability (C$CL)
, 409

Cash to total asset (CTA)
, 409

Causality test
, 201

Cement industry
, 65

Central bank
, 133, 146

communications
, 424

Chief Compliance Officer (CCO)
, 87–88

Chinese rural residents

data sources and variable descriptions
, 175

difference between high and low consumption of rural elderly
, 181–182

empirical model
, 173–175

empirical results
, 176–181

literature review
, 171–173

robustness test
, 182

Clan culture
, 19–20

Co-movement in value at risk (CoVaR)
, 130–131

CO2 emissions
, 324

Coercive isomorphism
, 339–342

Cognition
, 93

Cognitive dissonance
, 93

Collective performance
, 94

Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO)
, 358

Community Social Responsibility (CSR)
, 326

Compensation-based herding
, 210

Competing values framework (CVF)
, 19

Competitive isomorphism
, 339

Computing systems
, 4

Conditional autoregressive value at risk (CAViar)
, 131

Consistency factor
, 230

Construction sector
, 54, 57

analysis
, 58–65

research method
, 57–58

theoretical review
, 54–57

Consultation, communication and coordination (3C)
, 100

Consumer price index (CPI)
, 264

Consumption
, 171

Contingent claims analysis (CCA)
, 130, 132

Conventional money supply
, 244–245

Convergence process
, 346

CoRisk
, 133

Corporate citizenship
, 17

Corporate governance variables
, 404–405

Corporate partnership
, 86

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
, 296, 324

disclosure
, 353, 357

Correction factor
, 230

Correlation

matrix
, 47

network model
, 133

Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK)
, 378, 381

Cost of equity capital (COEC)
, 352, 355–356, 357

disclosure and
, 354–355

Counterparty credit risks (CCR)
, 89

Country-level of bank capital to assets ratio (CAPA)
, 369

Cox proportional hazard regression (CPH regression)
, 400, 408

Cronbach’s alpha (CA)
, 23

Cross-country dataset
, 374

empirical results
, 370–373

research methods
, 369

Cross-cutting dynamics
, 103, 105

Cross-sectional absolute deviation model (CSAD model)
, 208

Cross-sectional standard deviation (CSSD)
, 212, 215

Cumulative sum control chart (CUSUM)
, 193, 255

Cumulative sum of squares (CUSUMSQ)
, 193, 255

Current account deficit (CAD)
, 150

Current asset to current liability (CATL)
, 410

Current asset turnover (CAT)
, 410

Cyber physical systems
, 4

Cyber technology
, 6–7

Data envelopment analysis (DEA)
, 54–55

Day sales in receivables (DSR)
, 410

Debt ratio (DR)
, 401

Decomposition measure
, 401

Determinant sector
, 65

Digital economy
, 6

Digital-based businesses
, 4

Digitalization
, 6

Diponegoro University
, 42

Disclosure
, 352–353, 355–356 (see also Sharia disclosure (ShDisc))

and COEC
, 354–355

data and variable measurement
, 356–359

empirical analysis
, 359–362

literature review
, 353–354

Discrete time hazard model (DHM)
, 400

Discretionary spending
, 378

literature review
, 380–384

methodology
, 384–386

and related issues
, 381

results
, 386–392

Discriminant analysis (DA)
, 400

Divisia monetary aggregate
, 244–246

Divisia money
, 244–245

data description
, 250–251

differential
, 256

literature review
, 245–247

model specification and methodology
, 247–250

Dynamic prediction
, 400

E-banking
, 326

E-bay
, 4

E-commerce
, 4–5

Earnings before interest and taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)
, 399, 406, 408

Earnings before interest and taxes to total asset (EBITTA)
, 409

Earnings quality (EQL)
, 353, 358–359

East Asian economies
, 263–264

ECM short-run dynamic ARDL estimations
, 200

Econometric methodology and model
, 197–198, 224

Economic

development
, 6

digitalization
, 6

efficiency
, 54

growth
, 145–146, 196

orientation
, 18–19

Economic capital (EC)
, 84, 87, 91–92

accounts
, 103–110

Economic policy uncertainty index (EPU index)
, 158, 161

Efficiency
, 54

measurement
, 55–57

Efficient market hypothesis (EMH)
, 209

Elderly life
, 180

Election
, 378

Electronic Clearing Services (ECS)
, 325

Emerging economies
, 143–144

Emerging market economies (EMEs)
, 144–145

Emerging markets
, 353

Emotional factors
, 208

Empirical analysis
, 145

Enterprise risk management (ERM)
, 85

disclosure
, 353, 358

Entrenchment theory
, 402–403

Entropy theory
, 401

Environmental orientation
, 19

Epidemiological model
, 424

Equity returns
, 130, 133

Error correction model (ECM)
, 197, 253–254

Error correction term (ECT)
, 198

Exchange market pressure (EMP)
, 264

data and methodology
, 265–267

empirical results
, 267–277

measurement
, 266–267

theory and related literatures
, 264–265

Exchange rate
, 160

model
, 249, 255

volatility
, 144–146, 149, 264

Expected losses (EL)
, 90

Exposure index
, 134

Extreme price movements
, 223

F-statistic
, 163, 197

Fama–Macbeth regression
, 237

Feedback learning
, 18

Financial

assistance expenditures
, 378, 380

crises
, 208

distress
, 398–399

markets
, 1

performance
, 70–75

reforms and deregulations
, 244

reporting practice
, 338

sector surveillance
, 131

Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)
, 297

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
, 91

Financial technology (Fintech)
, 368

HR technology
, 84, 95–96, 99, 118

Firm survival
, 400

empirical results
, 411–416

methodology
, 405–411

theoretical framework
, 401–405

Firm(s)
, 282, 398

size
, 359

Fiscal balance
, 150

Fixed effects
, 146, 152–153

method
, 75, 194

multiple regression
, 1

Flexible-price monetary model (see Monetarist model)

Food and core components in total expenditure
, 437

Foreign direct investments (FDI)
, 158, 190, 196

data and methodology
, 161–162

literature review
, 158–161

results
, 162–164

Foreign exchange reserves
, 150, 265

Fourth Industrial Revolution
, 4

Free trade agreements (FTA)
, 160

“FTUI towards Green and Sustainable Society” program
, 42

GARCH-style specification
, 222

GDP Per Capita (GDPPC)
, 149

Generalized method of moments (GMM)
, 145–146, 190

Generally accepted on accounting principles (GAAP)
, 341

Global commodity prices
, 149

Global financial crisis
, 263

Global warming
, 324

Globally systemically important banks (GSIBs)
, 130

GLS test
, 75–76

Governors and Supervisors of Banking Supervision (GHOS)
, 119

Granger causality test
, 201, 257

Grants
, 378

Green banking
, 318 (see also Islamic banks)

daily operation on bank profitability
, 329

determinants of bank profitability
, 326–327

literature review and hypothesis formulation
, 324–325

measurement
, 328

method
, 327–328

research model
, 327

result
, 328–334

Green banking daily operation
, 326

Green banking policy (GBP)
, 325

on bank profitability
, 329–330

Green building
, 44

Green initiative
, 324

Green University
, 40–41

in Indonesia
, 41–42

literature review
, 41–42

previous studies
, 41–42

research method
, 42–43

results
, 43–50

Gross domestic product (GDP)
, 190, 251, 264

growth rate volatility
, 149

Guidance Note 3 status (GN3 status)
, 399

Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC countries)
, 297

Hausman test
, 146, 152–153, 194

Hazard models
, 400

Health spending
, 73

Herding behavior
, 208–211

empirical results
, 213–217

estimates
, 215–217

literature review
, 209–211

research methods
, 212–213

Heterogeneity
, 424

analysis
, 431

Hierarchy culture
, 19–20

High Quality Liquid Asset (HQLA)
, 102

High-frequency data
, 224

Higher education institutions
, 40

Historical market price
, 282

literature review
, 283

methods
, 284–286

results
, 286–288

robustness test
, 288

Horizontal accountability
, 344

Household surveys
, 424

Housing finance companies (HFCs)
, 130

Human capital
, 90

Human capital disclosures
, 339

institutional theory
, 339–342

relationship between legal system and
, 344–348

relationship between normative isomorphism and
, 342–344

Human Capital Management Accounting (HCMA)
, 85, 89

macroeconomic outcomes of interdisciplinary integration through
, 110–119

method and cross-cutting interdisciplinary skills acquired through
, 92–102

microeconomic results of interdisciplinary integration through
, 102–110

results from interdisciplinary HCMA integration
, 102–119

Human resources (HR)
, 85

Human Resources Management (HRM)
, 86

Hypotheses testing model
, 285–286

Income
, 172

Incumbent victory effect with discretionary spending proportion
, 384

India
, 158

Indonesia
, 282, 343

Indonesia Corruption Watch
, 379

Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)
, 282

Indonesian Audit Board (BPK)
, 379

Indonesian Bank (BI)
, 330–331

Indonesian Forum for Budget Transparency (FITRA)
, 381

Indonesian government
, 382

Industry 4. 0 concept
, 4, 6–7

Inefficiency
, 54, 56

Inflation
, 144–145

rate
, 159

volatility
, 149

Inflation expectations of households
, 423

data and descriptive statistics
, 426–427

modeling heterogeneity using Carroll-type epidemiological models
, 427–431

review of literature
, 424–425

Inflation Expectations Survey of Households (IESH)
, 424

Inflation targeting (IT)
, 143–144

data and methodology
, 146–150

literature review
, 145–146

regime
, 145

results
, 150–153

Information asymmetry
, 352

Information technology (IT)
, 86

Information-based herding
, 210

Informed traders
, 222

Initial public offering (IPO)
, 283–284

Input coefficient
, 56–57

Input ratio (IR)
, 57

Input–output table
, 56, 58

Institutional

environments
, 188

isomorphism
, 339

theory
, 338–342

Institutionalization
, 343

of accountability
, 344

mechanisms/structures of
, 340

Institutions quality (IQ)
, 188, 191–192

econometric methodology and model
, 197–198

estimation results
, 198–202

literature review
, 191–197

and stock market performance
, 192–193

Integrated reporting (IR)
, 91

Intellectual capital disclosure (ICD)
, 353, 357

Interconnectedness
, 130

Interconnectivity
, 85

Interest coverage (IC)
, 409

International Country Risk Guide (ICRG)
, 188

International Monetary Fund (IMF)
, 84, 295

Internet
, 4

internet-based businesses
, 4

Intraday periodicity, robust estimation of
, 230

Intraday volatility
, 230

Investors
, 208

Islamic banks
, 292

descriptive analysis
, 305–306

hypotheses development
, 298–302

literature review
, 295–302

multivariate analysis
, 307–314

research design
, 302–304

results
, 305–314

Islamic ethical identity disclosure
, 296

Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB)
, 296

Islamic governance
, 293

Islamic social reporting (ISR)
, 296

Islamicity disclosure index
, 296

Jakarta Composite Index (JCI Index)
, 213

Jakarta Stock Exchange (JKSE)
, 232

Johansen Cointegration test
, 162

Jump variance
, 223, 230–231

under macroeconomics announcements
, 235–236

Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (FBMKLCI Index)
, 213

Lagrange Multiplier test (LM test)
, 254

Learning orientation
, 18

Least square production model (LS)
, 55

Leisure consumption
, 172

Leverage
, 359

ratios
, 404

Life satisfaction

impact of consumption on
, 172

factors
, 173

previous theory of
, 171–172

Liquidity
, 326–327

ratios
, 403–404

Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR)
, 84

Liquidity Ratio Reporting Directive (LCR)
, 111, 118

Loan to deposit ratio (LDR)
, 325, 327

Local autonomy
, 70

Local governments
, 70–73, 344

heads
, 378–379

spending on financial performance of local government with political dynasty
, 78

spending on local government financial performance
, 78

Local spending
, 72–73 (see also Discretionary spending)

Log total asset (LTA)
, 409

Long Run Marginal Expected Shortfall (LRMES)
, 132

Long-run coefficient estimation
, 199–200

Long-run PPP
, 248

Lower critical bound (LCB)
, 163

Malaysia
, 188, 244–245

Malaysian ringgit (MYR)
, 245

MYR/USD exchange rate
, 257

Mandatory disclosures
, 296, 354

Market (see also Online market)

culture
, 19–20

discipline mechanism
, 293

timing
, 282–283

Market capitalization (MC)
, 190–191

Market value to debt (MVD)
, 409–410

Maximum common reward (MCR)
, 85

Mean difference test
, 45

Median absolute deviation (MAD)
, 230

Membership functions
, 407

Meta-analysis
, 338

Micro-founded model-based measure
, 132

Mimetic isomorphism
, 339–342

Minimum Reserve Requirements (MRR)
, 333

Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM)
, 111

Mobile

money
, 368

social commerce
, 4

Mobile Banking
, 325

Mobile money account (MMA)
, 369

Model independent approach
, 265

Model stability
, 201

Model-dependent approach
, 264–265

Monetarist model
, 245

Monetary exchange rate model
, 243–244, 247

Monetary models
, 243–244

Monetary policy
, 143–145

Money

market equilibrium
, 244

supply
, 264

Monte Carlo Simulation
, 91

MPesa m-payments platform
, 368

Muamalat bank
, 331

Multiple discriminant analysis
, 401

Nairobi Stock market
, 194

National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT)
, 325

National Key Economic Areas (NKEAs)
, 417

National Key Result Areas (NKRAs)
, 417

NBFCs
, 136

Neoclassical efficiency approach
, 54, 56

Net income percent change (NIPC)
, 409

Neural network (NN)
, 406

New Institutional Theory (NIT)
, 343–344

New rural cooperative medical system (NCMS)
, 170

Nigerian Stock Market
, 194

Nominal grant spending
, 381

Nominal interest rate
, 248

Non-Green University
, 40

Non-performing loan (NPL)
, 325–327, 369

Non-probability sampling method
, 284

Normative isomorphism
, 339–342

“One-child” policy
, 170

Online Analytical Processing Center (OLAP)
, 95–96

Online market (see also Stock market)

data source
, 7–8

literature review
, 5–7

methodology
, 7–8

result
, 8–10

variable operations
, 8

Operating cost ratio
, 327

Operational risk
, 92

Ordered logistic model
, 176

Ordinary least squares (OLS)
, 194

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
, 353

Organizational culture
, 14, 19–20, 27–28

Overshooting model
, 245

Ownership concentration
, 400–401

Pairwise Granger causality
, 131, 190

Panel data

analysis
, 146

regressions
, 145

Pearson product moment correlation
, 24

People–profit–planet triad (3Ps triad)
, 14

Percent change in net income (NIPC)
, 410

Performance of commercial banks
, 368

Perpetual debt
, 84

Perpetual loans
, 84

Persistent impact
, 283, 288

Philippines Stock Exchange Index (PSEI Index)
, 213

Phillips Perron test (PP test)
, 161, 194

PN17 status
, 399

Point of Sale (POS)
, 325

Poisson process
, 229

Political budget cycles (PBC)
, 378

Political dynasties
, 70–72

Political monitoring

effect on discretionary spending proportion ahead of election
, 383

to overcoming agency problem
, 382

Political risk rating (PRS)
, 188

Pooled cross sections
, 424

Population
, 150

Portfolio balance models
, 249

Potentially recoverable losses (PRL)
, 91

Price discovery process
, 226–229

Price-book-value (PBV)
, 282–283, 285

Principle component analysis (PCA)
, 295–296

Private information
, 222–223

data
, 230

on individual stock return
, 236–237

on individual stocks
, 229–230

from jump process
, 230–235

literature reviews
, 224–226

methodology
, 226–230

result
, 230–237

robustness statistics and model
, 230

Probability of default
, 130

Probability of informed trading (PIN)
, 222

Problem Solving Process (PSP)
, 86

Process management
, 18

Production efficiency theory
, 54–55

Profit equation
, 7

Profitability
, 324–325

performance
, 294

ratios
, 404

Psychosocial risks
, 100

Public choice theory
, 382

Public–private partnership (PPP)
, 417

Purchasing power parity (PPP)
, 244

Quadratic variation theory (QV theory)
, 224–225

Quality of governance (QG)
, 189

Random effect model
, 194

Ratio of quasi money (RQM)
, 196

Rational asset pricing models
, 212

Rational herding
, 210

Rationalization process
, 93

Re-election
, 71

additional test
, 79–80

effect on discretionary spending
, 383

hypothesis development
, 72–74

literature review
, 71–74

method
, 74–75

results
, 75–80

strengthening relationship
, 78–79

weakening relationship
, 79

Real effective exchange rate (REER)
, 161

Real interest

differential monetary model
, 248

rate
, 150

Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS)
, 325

Realized outlyingness-weighted variation
, 225–226

Realized volatility, disentangling of
, 225

Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC curve)
, 406

Refresh time data cleaning and synchronizing
, 226

Regional autonomy
, 70

Regional House of Representatives (DPRD)
, 378

Regional Revenue and Expenditures Budget (APBD)
, 378

Regression
, 48–49

Relative income theory
, 172

Reputation based on herding
, 210

Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
, 424

Resource-based view (RBV)
, 20–21

Retained earnings to total assets (RETAs)
, 404

Return
, 210–211

dispersion
, 212

Return on asset (ROA)
, 409

Return on equity (ROE)
, 409

Risk of commercial banks
, 368

Robustness

checks
, 153–154

test
, 182, 288

Root mean squared error (RMSE)
, 426

Rural aging
, 170

Rural elderly
, 170–171

difference between high and low consumption
, 181–182

Rural life satisfaction
, 170

Sales revenue to total asset (SLTA)
, 409

Sales to current asset (SCA)
, 409

Sales to inventory (SI)
, 409

Satisfaction
, 170–171

Semi-parametric model
, 409

Share prices (SP)
, 264

Sharia accounting standard
, 296–297

Sharia compliance
, 293

Sharia disclosure (ShDisc)
, 293–294, 296–300, 304, 307–309

regulatory framework
, 301–302

Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB)
, 292–293, 299–300

characteristic strength
, 309

and regulation of Sharia governance
, 297–298

regulatory framework
, 301–302

Short-run sticky-price monetary model
, 248

Signaling theory
, 71

Small, medium enterprises (SMEs)
, 92

Social assistance
, 378, 380

Social commerce
, 5–6

Social media platforms
, 5

Social orientation
, 19

Social sustainability
, 17

Social welfare in digital economy
, 6

Solvency capital requirement (SCR)
, 91

Solvency ratios
, 404

Soundness of Islamic bank
, 295–296, 298–300, 307–309

analysis factors for
, 305

regulatory framework
, 301–302

Southeast Asian stock exchanges
, 209

SOX Act (2002)
, 84, 111

Spending
, 70–73

Spillover(s)
, 135

index
, 130–131

SRISK
, 132

Stakeholder(s)
, 42

orientation
, 17

theory
, 20

Stale prices
, 226

Standard Error HAC Newey-West method
, 215

Steel and iron-based industries
, 64

Sticky information
, 427–428

Sticky-price monetary model (see Overshooting model)

Stochastic frontier (SF)
, 55

Stock Exchange of Thailand (SETI)
, 233

SET 100 Index
, 213

Stock market
, 208

improvement
, 189–190

IQ and
, 192–193

in Malaysia
, 190

performance
, 191

variables on
, 195–197

Stock prices
, 246, 325

Stock return variance model
, 223

Strait Times Index (FSSTI Index)
, 213

Strategic orientation
, 18–19, 25–27

Strategic philanthropy
, 17

Strategic Reform Initiatives (SRIs)
, 417

Structural equation modeling (SEM)
, 22–24

Subjective well-being (SWB)
, 170

Supra-ordinate objectives
, 85

Supreme Audit Agency
, 381

Sustainability
, 14, 40

Sustainability in higher education (SHE)
, 40–41

Sustainable management practices
, 14, 17–18, 24–25

Systemic expected shortfall (SES)
, 130

Systemic risk
, 129, 132

Technical efficiency
, 54

Texas A&M University
, 42

Thousand Village Survey
, 170

3Ps triumvirate (see Triple bottom line (TBL))

Three-stage least square analysis (3SLS analysis)
, 7–9

Time trends in vulnerability indicators
, 135–137

Time-varying PIN model
, 222

“Too-big-too-fail” hypothesis
, 131

Total asset to total liability (TATL)
, 410

Total factor productivity index (TFP index)
, 55

Trade

to GDP ratio
, 149–150

openness
, 160, 163, 264

restrictions
, 160

Traditional finance
, 209

Triple bottom line (TBL)
, 14

best fit model
, 28–31

hypothesis
, 15

method
, 22–24

performance
, 15–17, 24–25

population and sample
, 23

research design
, 22

research framework
, 21

research instrument and data collection
, 23

research locale
, 22–23

research objective
, 15

results
, 24–31

review of related literature
, 15–20

statistical treatment
, 24

theory base
, 20–21

Turnover equation
, 7

Two-sample t-test
, 147–148

Two-stage least square (2SLS)
, 7, 294

Uncertainty
, 158

Uncovered interest parity (UIP)
, 244

Undergraduate students
, 42–43

Unexpected Loss (UL)
, 91

Unit root tests
, 161, 198

Unit-level analysis
, 431–432

Univariate analysis (UA)
, 401

Upper critical bound (UCB)
, 163

Value at Risk (VaR)
, 91

Variables selection
, 403–405

Variance decompositions (VDCs)
, 133, 266

Vector autoregression (VAR)
, 130, 266

Volume-synchronized PIN (VPIN)
, 222

Voluntary disclosures
, 296, 354

Voluntary Human Capital Disclosure (VHCD)
, 346

Vulnerability indicator
, 130

Vulnerability spillover index (VSI)
, 130

data and methodology
, 133–135

literature review
, 131–133

ranking of institutions
, 137–138

threshold estimation
, 138–139

trends in vulnerability indicators
, 135–137

Wood-based industries
, 64

Working capital requirement (WCR)
, 86, 110

World Bank Development Indicator Index (WDI)
, 302

Z-Score
, 295

Prelims
Introduction
Chapter 1: The Impact of Online Market toward Social Welfare on Fourth Industrial Revolution Era: A Case at Bulan Terang Utama Online Market Malang
Chapter 2: Structural Equation Model on Triple Bottom Line Performance of Large Manufacturing Companies in Region XII, Philippines
Chapter 3: Determinants of Students’ Perceptions of the Green University
Chapter 4: Analysis on Sources of Inefficiency in the Construction Sector: High Cost of Infrastructure Development in Indonesia
Chapter 5: Can Re-election Strengthen the Relationship Between Local Government Spending and Financial Performance?
Chapter 6: Integrating Interdisciplinary Studies with the HCMA Certificate to Reach the Milestone of Finalizing Post-crisis Reforms (Basel III) Considering the Aggravating Effect of the COVID-19 Deficit
Chapter 7: A Vulnerability Spillover Index for the Indian Financial System
Chapter 8: Is Inflation Targeting Successful in Emerging Economies?
Chapter 9: Impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty on FDI Inflows: Evidence from India
Chapter 10: Consumption Life and Satisfaction of Chinese Rural Residents
Chapter 11: The Impact of Institutional Quality on Stock Market Performance in Emerging Economy: Evidence from the ARDL Bound Approach
Chapter 12: Herding Behavior: Evidence from Southeast Asian Stock Markets
Chapter 13: Private Information from Extreme Price Movements (Empirical Evidences from Southeast Asia Countries)
Chapter 14: The Impacts of Divisia Money on MYR/USD Exchange Rate Determination in Malaysia
Chapter 15: Modeling Exchange Market Pressure in East Asian Economies
Chapter 16: The Impact of Equity Historical Market Price on Capital Structure
Chapter 17: Sharia Disclosure, Sharia Supervisory Board and the Moderating Effect of Regulatory Framework: The Impact on Soundness of Islamic Banking
Chapter 18: Implementation of Green Banking and Financial Performance on Commercial Banks in Indonesia
Chapter 19: The Implementation of Human Capital Disclosures on the Financial Statements of Local Governments in Indonesia Based on the Institutional Theory
Chapter 20: Disclosure, Information Asymmetry and the Cost of Equity Capital: Evidence from Indonesia
Chapter 21: Financial Technology and Bank Risk: A Cross Country Study
Chapter 22: The Use of Discretionary Spending as an Opportunistic Motive to Win the Election
Chapter 23: The Dynamic Impacts of Financial Determinants and Ownership Concentration Toward Firm Survival in Malaysia
Chapter 24: Heterogeneity of Inflation Expectations: An Analysis Using IESH Data
Index