Aboriginal
, 127, 130, 131, 134, 135, 137, 177–192
Academic language
, 70, 74–78, 83
Academic literacy
, 251, 252, 262
ACARA (Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority)
, 5, 6, 13, 14, 21, 37, 39, 196, 199, 205–208, 250, 258
Accessibility
, 65, 70, 73, 79, 80, 199
Accountability
, 9, 79, 90, 217, 236
Adjustments
, 13, 45, 215, 216, 218
Agency
, 4, 5, 6, 91, 163, 181, 213, 214, 216, 225, 228
Apps
, 20, 25, 30, 166–169, 171
Argumentation
, 44, 89, 91, 182, 254, 260
Assessment driven practice
, 89
Augmented reality
, 20, 167, 168–169, 170, 173
Australia
, 3, 7, 10, 13–15, 38, 39, 40, 43, 46, 126, 130, 133, 137, 177–192, 207, 215, 217, 222, 257, 258
Australian context
, 37, 257–258
Australian curriculum
, 5, 6, 13–15, 37, 38, 39, 44, 196, 250, 258
Authentic instruction
, 147, 150
Automaticity
, 144–146, 153–155
Autonomy
, 14, 166, 214, 215, 218–221
Career pathways
, 225, 227
Classroom research
, 24, 29
Cognitive Load Theory (CLT)
, 79
Collaboration
, 27, 28, 45, 60, 64, 88, 131, 138, 163, 205, 210, 223, 227, 234, 245, 251
Collaborative learning
, 116, 204, 242
Collaborative problem solving
, 259
Community
, 4, 10, 36, 88, 91, 98, 115, 119, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 161, 181, 190, 191, 202, 205, 206, 211, 221, 223, 224, 225
Complex education needs
, 37, 46
Comprehensible input
, 250, 251
Comprehensible output
, 251
Comprehension
, 74, 76, 77, 83, 118, 144, 145, 150, 153, 154, 161, 162, 164, 165, 166, 168, 171, 187, 218, 233, 236, 252, 254, 260, 261
Conceptual understanding
, 38, 44
Consistent instruction
, 147
Content
, 7, 12, 14, 37, 39, 45, 83, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 116, 117, 139, 147, 163, 168, 181, 187, 234, 253, 255, 259, 260
Cross-curricula teaching
, 7
Cultural intervention
, 198
Culturally and linguistically diverse
, 139
Culturally relevant pedagogy
, 93, 98
Culturally responsive teaching
, 98–100
Culture
, 4, 10, 23, 27, 65, 90, 92, 93, 98, 126, 127, 128, 134, 135, 137, 139, 181, 182, 197, 207, 214, 216, 217, 221, 222, 223, 226, 228, 254
Curiosity
, 196, 197, 198, 199, 208
Curriculum
, 5–8, 13–15, 22, 24, 29, 31, 35–48, 73, 75, 94, 110, 116, 164, 181, 182, 186, 196, 200, 202, 204, 217, 221, 222, 225, 234, 235, 237, 238, 241, 250, 252, 263
Curriculum access
, 37, 39, 43, 44–45, 46, 47
Curriculum documents
, 5, 15, 250
Decision making
, 200, 216, 225, 228
Definitions
, 3–6, 8, 38, 94, 215, 216, 257, 260, 263
Diagnosed
, 9, 11, 216, 217
Differential item functioning (DIF)
, 70, 82
Direct instruction
, 14, 181, 186, 222, 260
Disability
, 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 36, 37, 45, 46, 47, 54, 55, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111–116, 119, 127, 128, 139, 181, 217, 223
Disadvantage
, 10, 73, 128, 130, 139, 179, 180, 187, 217
Discipline
, 38, 43, 89, 210
Discrimination
, 4, 59, 109
Diversity
, 4, 10, 56, 92, 110, 136, 137, 139, 195–211, 253
Early childhood
, 39, 40, 118, 125–139, 179, 183, 203, 258
Early childhood education
, 126, 131, 139
Early years
, 40, 41, 42, 47, 126, 127, 129, 131, 137, 139, 182, 184, 224, 233
Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF)
, 126, 127
Educational policies
, 4, 106, 110
The Education for Persons with Special Educational Needs Act
, 54, 56
Elementary school
, 11, 46, 69–85, 147
Engagement
, 65, 92, 98, 130, 136, 160, 168, 216, 225, 228, 241
English as an additional language or dialect (EAL/D)
, 202, 250–252, 254–264
Enhanced word processors
, 170
Environment
, 5, 8, 9, 12, 21, 29, 45, 59, 92, 170, 182, 196, 197, 199, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 218, 222, 254
Equity
, 10, 13, 29, 36, 70, 72
Evaluation
, 125–139, 162, 184, 185, 221, 235, 243–244, 245
Evidence based instruction
, 191
Examinations
, 234, 235, 236
Expectations
, 5, 7, 8, 63, 94, 111, 114–115, 138, 186, 214, 218, 222, 223, 227, 253
Explicit and systematic teaching
, 40
Explicit instruction
, 41, 42, 96, 182, 183, 185, 187, 191, 261
Explicit language
, 260, 264
Explicit teaching
, 8, 15, 40, 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 191, 221, 257, 259, 264
Inclusion
, 3–15, 36, 47, 54, 55–59, 60, 64, 84, 106, 109, 110, 111, 126–128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 190, 216–217
Inclusive classroom
, 27, 28, 31, 73, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 202, 203
Inclusive education
, 3, 4–5, 9, 15, 36, 47, 53–65, 106–107, 108, 109
Inclusive learning environments
, 54, 56, 58, 64, 65
Inclusive practice
, 26, 36, 43–47, 64, 127, 196, 197, 199
Indigenous
, 11, 89, 126, 127, 135, 137, 139, 168, 177, 178, 179
Inquiry
, 38, 89, 92, 196, 197, 199, 202, 203, 204, 206, 210
Intelligent tutoring systems
, 162
Intensive instruction
, 12, 15, 154
Intentional instruction
, 147, 155
Interactive
, 22, 27–30, 119, 133, 135, 161, 196, 200, 202
Intervention
, 7, 8, 63, 84, 113, 128–130, 148, 151, 152, 154, 166, 209, 215, 216, 217–222, 237, 239, 243, 264
Investigation
, 167, 195–211, 250
Ireland
, 54, 55–57, 59, 64
Language demands
, 41, 255, 256, 264
Language-minority students
, 69–85
Language-related disparities
, 70, 76–78
Language skills/development
, 28, 70, 73, 76–78, 112, 114, 116, 117, 187, 250, 251, 253, 259
Leadership
, 36, 53–65, 179, 184, 196, 244, 245
Learning
, 53–65, 125–139, 159–173, 213–228
Learning difficulty
, 7, 11, 26, 58, 63, 74
Learning disabilities
, 214–222, 227–228, 233, 234
Learning goals
, 73, 183, 225, 227
Learning outcomes
, 14, 80, 108, 113, 154, 168, 221, 228
Literacy
, 3–15, 19–31, 35–48, 69–85, 87–100, 105–119, 125–139, 159–173, 195–211, 231–245, 249–264
Literacy needs
, 54, 63–64, 85, 172
Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC)
, 129–130
Open content software
, 163
Open-ended
, 163, 167, 202, 203, 210
Opportunities
, 36, 40, 56, 76, 83, 95, 96, 100, 109, 110, 115, 118, 131, 133, 135, 137, 155, 162, 167, 169, 172, 203, 204, 207, 210, 217, 221, 222, 251, 255, 260, 262, 263
Opportunities to learn
, 76, 260
Oral reading
, 145, 148, 151, 152, 165
Organisational skills
, 221
Parents
, 14, 20, 25, 46, 56, 57, 59, 64, 77, 106, 108, 111, 112–114, 115, 117, 118, 127, 129, 131–136, 138, 139, 144, 150, 153, 180, 208, 209, 215, 220, 226, 227, 233, 245, 253, 258
Pedagogical skills
, 241, 245
Performance
, 10, 70–73, 75, 76, 79, 83, 113, 117, 129, 143, 146, 149, 150–151, 153, 164, 178, 179, 180, 183, 184, 191, 214, 217, 224, 236
Personalised learning
, 5, 8, 13, 15, 42, 45, 171, 213–228
Phenomena
, 38, 91, 92, 198, 200, 202, 208
Playful
, 25, 148, 197, 200, 202, 203, 204, 209, 252
Poetry
, 148, 149, 150, 210
Policies
, 3–5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 64, 65, 91, 106, 109–110, 127
Poverty
, 4, 7, 10, 94, 110, 127, 128, 130, 144, 217, 220, 222, 223, 253
Power
, 30, 42, 43, 98, 119, 164, 191, 200
Problem-based learning
, 7, 167
Problem solving
, 6, 7, 28, 29, 30, 47, 92, 196, 198, 203, 206, 214, 220, 221, 222, 225, 228, 259
Procedural knowledge
, 38, 44
Professional development
, 56, 119, 163, 172, 187, 239–241
Prosody
, 145, 148, 149, 150, 154
Raising standards
, 10, 237
Readers theatre
, 148, 149–150, 154, 155
Reading assessment
, 69–85
Reading comprehension
, 70, 73–74, 76, 77, 79, 80, 82, 83, 112, 117, 129, 144–146, 149, 150, 154, 160, 161, 162, 166, 169, 233, 237, 238, 239, 241, 244, 259, 260
Reading difficulty
, 144, 155
Reading recovery
, 7, 63, 64, 147
Reading skills (advanced)
, 12, 41, 161, 178, 179, 190, 233, 235
Read Two Impress (R2I)
, 151–152
Reasonable adjustment
, 218
Reciprocal teaching
, 231–245
Relational agency
, 213–228
Relationships
, 10, 21, 25, 77, 80, 127, 128, 138–139, 160, 172, 191, 204, 207, 214, 215, 219, 222–228
Repeated readings
, 148, 149, 150, 151, 165, 166
Research-based pedagogy
, 250
Research-based practices
, 3, 11
Resources
, 4, 9, 10, 29, 30, 36, 45, 55, 56, 58, 59, 63, 80, 92, 95, 97–99, 114, 115, 119, 127, 128, 130, 131–138, 145, 166, 170, 210, 220, 222, 227, 256
The Salamanca Statement
, 36, 55
Scaffolding
, 99, 203, 240, 263
School culture
, 65, 217, 222, 223, 226, 228
School leaders
, 36, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64–65, 244, 245
School policies
, 57, 58, 64, 65, 208
Science curricula
, 93, 203
Science education
, 90, 91, 98
Science-related issues
, 92
Science standards
, 90, 95
Science testing and assessment
, 89–91
Scientifically literate
, 199
Scientific knowledge
, 91, 197, 203, 205, 210
Scientific literacy
, 88, 91, 93–95, 98–100
Semantic webs and grids
, 259
Shared book reading
, 116, 128, 129
Skills
, 5, 6, 7, 12, 27, 37–38, 41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 76, 79, 84, 88, 91, 106, 111, 112, 118, 145, 146, 162, 179, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 197, 198, 199, 202, 210, 219, 221, 226, 232, 233, 234, 235, 237–239, 240, 245, 250, 256, 257, 259
Socio-cultural
, 4, 184, 202, 207, 250, 251
Socio-economic factors
, 251
Socio-economic status
, 179, 185
Songs
, 129, 132, 135, 151
Special educational needs (SEN)
, 11, 54–55, 56, 61, 64, 65, 70, 74, 78–83, 84, 85, 234
Specialized academic vocabulary
, 75, 76, 77
Spontaneous
, 181, 197, 203, 209
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics)
, 42
Strategic barriers
, 214, 215
Synergistic instruction
, 147
Targeted programs
, 130, 134, 139
Teacher advisor
, 214, 222–223
Teacher attitudes
, 9, 36, 65
Teacher education
, 9–10, 12, 14, 26, 27, 29, 39, 43, 44, 45, 56, 65, 75, 84, 98, 106, 110, 111, 167, 169, 182, 187–190, 234, 258
Teacher preparedness
, 216
Teacher roles
, 62, 106, 110–112
Teacher training
, 84, 239–241
Technology
, 6, 15, 20, 21, 23, 24, 28, 29, 30, 31, 159–173, 199, 202, 221, 227, 228, 251, 256
Top level structure
, 254, 260
Transformed
, 107, 197, 208