Abstract

labor

, 63, 67–71, 82–83

life

, 62, 85–88

mind

, 60–61, 67–71

system

, 61–62

Abstraction

of mind

, 60

process

, 62

Abstractness of social “second nature”

, 69

Academic knowledge production

, 17–18

Acindar

, 191–192

Adorno, Theodor

, 71

Advertisement using animal symbols

, 25

Aesthetics

, 167–174

Affirmative ideology

, 166

Agribusiness of landowner ethics

, 176–178

Agriculture

, 163–167

Alienated speciesism

, 3

Amazon warehouses

, 85

Animal Capital: Rendering Life in Biopolitical Times (Shukin)

, 16

Animal Machines (Harrison)

, 127

Animal Rights/Human Rights: Entanglements of Oppression and Liberation (Nibert)

, 12, 134

Animal welfare

, 108–109, 108

implementation in learning and embedded markets

, 115–117

as social cost

, 117

Animal-based commodities in capitalism

, 17–18

Animal(s)

, 22, 25, 86

as biotic community

, 167–169

capital

, 11, 16–26

ethics

, 108–109

exploitation and oppression

, 15

as “functional biomachines”

, 85–88

harm

, 108

harming

, 42

“Anthropocene, the”

, 14

Anthropocentrism

, 148–154

Apocalypse

, 64–65

Arendt, Hannah

, 35

Argentina

, 184

labor and violence in

, 186–190

studies on violence in

, 186

Villa Constitución

, 190–192

Villazo, repression and armed struggles

, 192–200

Aristotle

, 48

Armed struggles in Argentina

, 192–200

Artificial insemination

, 42

Artificial life

, 66–67

on dead planet

, 74–76

Artificial nature

, 34

Artificial trees

, 88–94

Astor, John Jacob

, 128–129

Aya, Rod

, 185

Balcombe, Jonathan

, 39

Battery chickens

, 86

Bekoff, Marc

, 39

BHP

, 93

Biodiversity

, 177–178

Bioethics

, 108–109

Biopolitical sovereignty

, 12

Biotic community

, 167–169

Blake, William

, 38

Blühdorn, Ingolfur

, 94

“Boundless Bull”

, 45

Bourgeault, Ron

, 130

Bourgeois class

, 84–85

Bowring, Finn

, 62, 77, 85–86, 94–95

Boyd, William

, 63

Braverman, Harry

, 63

Brazil

, 41–42

Brazilian State of Mato Grosso

, 43–44

Brügger, Paul

, 3–4

Burket, Paul

, 22–24

Cangiano, Maria Cecilia

, 198–199

Capital

, 22, 62–63, 79, 84, 96

abstracts

, 80

of animal capital

, 26

indifference of

, 76–85

productive labor for

, 78

subsumption of science by

, 71–74

Capital (Marx)

, 1–2, 11, 19–20, 70, 84

Capital–animal relation

, 23

Capitalism

, 1–2, 12–13, 16–17, 26, 60–61, 69, 138, 164, 173–174

Capitalist

agricultural methods

, 138, 145–146, 149

agriculture

, 62–63

commodification of animals

, 3

process of circulation

, 19–20

production

, 62–63

system

, 1–2

Capitalocene

, 95

Carbon capture

, 91–92

Carbon Engineering

, 91–92

Carson, Rachel

, 88

Cartesian concept of “animal machine”

, 38

Cats

, 39–40

Caudwell, Christopher

, 69

Cecil (lion)

, 45

Charlton, A.

, 45–46

Cheap labor

, 129–133

power

, 126–127

Cheap Nature

, 126, 134–135

Cheap raw materials

, 127–129

Chevron Technology Ventures

, 93

Circular hunts

, 143

Clark, Brett

, 126, 127

Class exploitation

, 19

C—M—C formula

, 20

Co-modification of nonhuman animals

, 40–45

Colony collapse disorder

, 89

Commercialization of universities

, 74

Commodification

, 97, 108, 113

of animals

, 43–44, 125–126

changing scenario through education

, 45–50

contemporary commodification of fur-bearing animals

, 133–134

of labor power

, 21

of nature

, 34–36

Commodity

, 1–2

exchange

, 69

fetishism

, 69

Common sense morality

, 109–110

Commoner, Barry

, 62–63, 92–93

Comte, Auguste

, 67

Conclusive evidence

, 89–90

Confederación General del Trabajo (CGT)

, 184–185, 188–189, 192–193

Confederación General Económica (CGE)

, 188–189

Consciousness in nonhuman animals

, 38–40

Consented Instrumentalization

, 111

Consented objectification. See Self-objectification

Conservation

history

, 163

new vision of

, 163–167

problem on private land

, 172

Conservation Ethic, The

, 173–174

Contemporary acceleration

, 35

Contemporary planetary crisis

, 37–38

Coordinadoras Gremiales de Buenos Aires

, 184–185

Cordobazo

, 188–189

Corporeal continuity and distinction

, 1

“Counter producing” effects

, 199

COVID-19 pandemic

, 82–83

Crick, Francis

, 74

“Critique of the Gotha Program”

, 149

“Cultural-materialist analysis” of animal capital

, 16

Culture of abstraction

, 3–4, 59–61

Daly, Herman

, 45, 48

Darling, Jay “Ding”

, 172

Darling, Jay Norwood

, 151

Darwin, Charles

, 39

Davis, Karen

, 85–86

De Angelis, Massimo

, 82

Dead planet

, 66–67

artificial life on

, 74–76

Debord, Guy

, 61–62

“Degradation” of work

, 63

Descartes, René

, 2

and objectification of nature and nonhuman animals

, 36–38

Deskilling

, 80–81

Dewey, John

, 116–117

Dick, Philip. K.

, 65, 66

Direct Air Capture technology

, 91–92

Direct wage

, 129–130

Disaster capitalism

, 74–76

Discourse on the Method (Descartes)

, 36–37

DNA sequence

, 86

Dogs

, 39–40

Dolin, Eric Jay

, 127, 129

Donaldson, Sue

, 13, 114

Double Movement

, 116–117

Dystopia

, 64–65

Ecological/ecology

, 167–174

aesthetic

, 169–171

conscience

, 171–174

of nonliving

, 88–94

Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts, The

, 62

Economic/economy

consequences

, 89–90

modernization

, 188

objectification

, 108

production

, 17–18

three-level model for animal instrumentalization in

, 110–113

Ecosystems

, 40–45

Education, changing scenario through

, 45–50

Edwards, Murray

, 93

Elton, Charles

, 175–176

Embedded markets, animal welfare implementation in

, 115–117

Endangered Species Act

, 175, 177–178

Engels, Frederick

, 67, 83

Entrepreneurial innovation

, 71

Environment(al)

, 37

crisis

, 38

degradation of Earth

, 76

education

, 47

Epistemology

, 69

Ethics

, 167–174

Euro-Americans

, 142–143

relationship

, 138

European Union

, 51, 89–90

Experiential learning

, 116

Exploitation

, 108, 113

Exploitative objectification

, 114

Externalities

, 93–94

Extinction

, 138, 139, 140–141, 143, 156

Fachos

, 198

Factory society

, 83

Federación Obrera Regional Argentina (FORA)

, 193–194

Fordism

, 74

Fossil capital

, 14–15

Foster, John Bellamy

, 64, 126–127, 177

Francione, Gary

, 13, 45–46

Franklin, Rosalind

, 74

“Functional biomachines”, animals as

, 85–88

Fur farming

, 133

Fur trapping

, 126

Fur-bearing animals, contemporary commodification of

, 133–134

Galileo

, 69

Game Management

, 170

Gates, Bill

, 93

Gene editing

, 87–88

Genetically modified (transgenic) livestock

, 86–87

Geoengineering

, 75

Gilpin, William

, 143

Glyphosate

, 43–44

Gore, Al

, 150

Government

provision

, 174–175

regulation

, 163, 165–166

Greek, R.

, 43

Greer, Allan

, 130–131

Habitat destruction

, 44

Hardt, Michael

, 16–17, 83

Harman, Chris

, 74

Harrison, Ruth

, 127

Heterodox economic analysis

, 116

Homestead Act

, 143–144

Horkheimer, Max

, 10, 71

Hudson Bay Company

, 126–127

Human(s)

, 13–14, 16

capitalist class

, 11

consciousness

, 64

exploitation and oppression

, 15

resource

, 50

Human–animal

abstraction

, 11–16

relations

, 111

Human–nonhuman animal relationships

, 1

Hunters

, 145

sport hunters creation in United States

, 145–148

Hunting industry

, 145

Imperialism

, 12–13

Indifference

, 96

of capital

, 76–85

Industrial Revolution

, 14

Industrial workers community

, 190–191

Inertial motion

, 69

Instrumentalities

, 40

Instrumentalization

, 108

of nature

, 51

Instrumentalization of animals

, 107–108

theoretical background

, 113–115

three-level model for

, 110–113

Intraspecific selective speciesism

, 40

Intratribal violence

, 127–128

Jacobson, Brynna

, 3–4

JBS

, 17, 25–26

Juan Carlos Marín

, 194–195

Jungle, The (Sinclair)

, 9–11, 26, 86

Kallis, Giorgos

, 23

Kantian philosophy

, 107–108, 114–115

Kantian roots of objectification

, 108

Kardulias, P. Nick

, 131

Kevlar

, 87–88

Keynesianism

, 74

Klein, Naomi

, 74–75

Knowledge economy

, 71

Kraig Biocraft Laboratories

, 87–88

Kymlicka, Will

, 13, 114

Labor

in Argentina

, 186–190

power

, 70

resistance

, 195

Laborers

, 21

Labour

, 68

Land

as biotic community

, 167–169

as commodity and right of wildlife

, 174–176

Land/landowner ethic

, 162

agribusiness, wildlife, and limitation of

, 176–178

ecology, aesthetics, and ethics

, 167–174

Latham, Rob

, 84

Learning, animal welfare implementation in

, 115–117

Lenin, V. I.

, 70–71

Leopold, Aldo

, 3–4, 140–141, 147–148, 150–151, 161–164

components of land ethic idea

, 167–174

game program

, 165

interest in ethical consumerism and product labeling

, 166–167

land as commodity and right of wildlife

, 174–176

wild husbandry

, 164–165

Levidow, Les

, 62–63

Lewontin, Richard

, 177

Leyk, Wolfgang

, 3–4

Live export

, 42

Livestock

, 44, 139

creation

, 141–145

wolves and people before

, 139–141

Living dead

, 64

LLC

, 93

Locke, John

, 142, 148–149

Logos-Eros disruption

, 38

Lynch, Merrill

, 45

‘M-C-M’ formula

, 1–2, 80

Macbeth (Shakespeare)

, 50–51

Macdonald, Bradley J.

, 3

Maintenance

, 129–130

Malm, Andreas

, 13–14

Manfredo

, 151–152

Manual labor

, 69

Marcuse, Herbert

, 3–4, 34–36, 38, 42, 48–49, 51–52, 71

Market relation

, 19–20

Marshall, Robert

, 150

Marx, Karl

, 1–2, 19–20, 62, 66–67, 76, 78–79, 84, 95–96, 127, 131–132, 141–142, 148–149

formal and real subsumption of labor

, 63

Marx and Nature (Burket)

, 23–24

Marxism

, 59–60

Mass commodification

, 113

“Master”

, 70

M—C (L + MP) …P (L + MP) …C’ (C + c)—M’ (M + m) formula

, 21–22, 24

McIntosh, Robert

, 168–169

‘M—C—M’ (M + m) formula

, 20

Meat industry

, 86

Meillassoux, Claude

, 129–130

Meine, Curt

, 162

Mental conception

, 69

Metcon industries

, 191

Mexican Gray wolves

, 154

Microresistances

, 52

Militaristic “barrack-like discipline”

, 70

Mills, C. Wright

, 96

Mink farming

, 133

Money

, 81, 83, 95–96

Montoneros

, 198–199

Moore, Jason W.

, 95–96, 126

Muir, Bill

, 66–67

Mule Deer Foundation

, 147–148

Mütherich, Birgit

, 13

Mutual benefit

, 111–112

Mycoplasma genitalium

, 76–77

Nanotechnology

, 34–35

Nash, Roderick

, 162–163, 175

National Game Conference

, 165

Natural production

, 17–18

Nature

, 84–85

commodication of

, 34–36

objectification of

, 36–38

of things

, 36

Necroculture

, 95

Neglected preferences

, 108

Negri, Antonio

, 16–17, 83

Neonicotinoids

, 90

Nibert, David

, 12–13, 134

Nonhuman animals

co-modification

, 40–45

objectification of

, 36–38

speciesism, sentience, and consciousness in

, 38–40

Nonliving, ecology of

, 88–94

Nonreflexivity of simple modernization

, 61

“NooSkins”

, 64–65

Northwest Company

, 126–127

Nylon

, 87–88

Objectification

, 113

in economic theory

, 111

of nature

, 51

Objectification of animals

, 107–110

three-level model

, 110–113

Oxy Low Carbon Ventures

, 93

Paradigm shift

, 113–115

Paradoxically intensive livestock farming

, 114

Parody of amorousness

, 84

People before private land and livestock

, 139–141

Peronism

, 184, 188, 190

“Peronist issue”

, 188

“Pigoons”

, 64–65

Pigs

, 39–40

Pinchot, Gifford

, 150

“Plague of sameness”

, 94

Plants as biotic community

, 167–169

Polanyi, K.

, 116–117

Political violence

, 184–186, 189–190

Politics (Aristotle)

, 48

Pollinators

, 91

“Porcopolis”

, 26

Post-Fordist bioeconomy as disaster capitalism

, 74–76

“Pragmatic” natural resource conservation education

, 47

Precariousness

, 83

Private

enterprise

, 165–166, 174–175

land

, 139–141

landowners

, 141–145

property

, 146

property rights

, 148–154

Productive labor for capital

, 78

Prudham, W. S.

, 63

Public control

, 174–175

Pure science

, 73–74

Quantification of nature

, 36

Radical chains

, 83

Ranchers

, 145, 147–148

Real abstraction

, 59–60, 64, 68–69

Real subsumption of life

, 76–85

Reasonable value

, 116–117

“Reciprocal” process

, 66

Reconstitution

, 129–130

Red Brigades

, 197

Regulation

, 173

Relational Trialogue during Exchange

, 116

Replacement

, 129–130

Repression

, 189

in Argentina

, 192–200

Research on animals

, 108

Reverse speciesist approach

, 13–14

Revolutionary violence, conceptual frameworks on

, 185–186

Revolutionary war

, 189

Robotic bees

, 88–94

Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation

, 146–147, 154–155

Rocky Mountain Wolf Action Fund

, 154–155

Romero, Luis Alberto

, 185

Roosevelt, Theodore

, 145–146, 150

Roy, S. Paul

, 132

Rude, Matthias

, 11–12

Rupture process

, 1, 34

Rush, Benjamin

, 145

Ryder, Richard

, 38–39

Safari Club International

, 146–147

Sanbonmatsu, John

, 12–13, 76

Sand County

, 166–168, 172

Santella, Agustín

, 3–4

Santos, Milton

, 34–35

Santucho, Mario Roberto

, 194–195

Schmitt, Alfred

, 96

Science

, 67, 70–72

Science-based technology

, 60–61

Scientific neutrality

, 73–74

Scientific socialism

, 67

Scott, S.

, 131–133

Segovia, Luis

, 199

Selective speciesism

, 39–40

Self-instrumentalization

, 111

Self-objectification

, 109–110

Self-operating production process

, 60–61

“Self-valorizing value” capital

, 76

Sellfare

, 112–113

Semi-proletarianization of peasantry

, 130

Sensuous external world

, 84–85

Sentience in nonhuman animals

, 38–40

Separation of mind. See Abstraction of mind

Shakespeare, William

, 50–51

Shanks, N.

, 43

Shukin, Nicole

, 11, 16–17, 25

approach to animal capital

, 17–18

Silent Spring (Carson)

, 88

Simon, Alexander

, 3–4

Simple modernization

, 61, 71–72

Sinclair, Upton

, 9–11, 26, 86

Sine qua non condition

, 50

Singer, Peter

, 13, 40

Slaughter

, 112

Slavery and abolition

, 108

Smith, Hamilton

, 77

Smulewicz-Zucker, Gregory R.

, 96–97

Social

division of labor

, 60

life

, 111–112

production and distribution

, 15

relations

, 27

synthesis

, 60–61

Social cost, animal welfare as

, 117

Socialism

, 26–28

Society of appropriation

, 60–61

Sociological theory of oppressed groups

, 12

Sohn-Rethel, Alfred

, 59–60, 69–71

Southern Right Whale species (Eubalaena australis)

, 49–50

Speciesism in nonhuman animals

, 38–40

Sport hunters creation in United States

, 145–148

Sportsmen for Fish and Wildlife

, 146–147

Spraakman, Gary

, 132

Stache, Christian

, 3–4

Steel, Bethlehem

, 81

Stem cells

, 86–87

Stock, Gregory

, 77

“Strains of livestock”

, 87

Strikes,

, 188–189, 191–195, 197

Structural violence

, 83

Subsistence hunting cultures

, 139–140

Subsumption of science by capital

, 71–74

Sulfoxaflor

, 90

Surplus value

, 20

Sustainable development

, 47–48

Systemic thinking

, 50

Szeliga

, 11–12

Taylorist–Fordist methods

, 74–75

Technologization of production

, 70–71

Thorpe, Charles

, 3–4

Three-level model for animal instrumentalization

, 110–113

commodification

, 113

consented instrumentalization

, 111

exploitation

, 113

mass commodification

, 113

objectification

, 113

permitted instrumentalization with Economic Purpose

, 111–113

self-instrumentalization

, 111

Tilly, Charles

, 186

Tönnies

, 17, 25–26

Torre, Juan Carlos

, 192

Torres, Bob

, 13

Toscano, Alberto

, 59–60, 95

Tout court

, 37–38

Transgenic organisms

, 34–35

Trautlein, Donald

, 81

Trees

, 94

Tyson Foods Inc.

, 17, 25–26

Union Civica Radical (UCR)

, 192

Union Coordinating Committee of Buenos Aires. See Coordinadoras Gremiales de Buenos Aires

Union Obrera Metalúrgica (UOM)

, 184–185, 188, 191, 193

United States

, 139–140

sport hunters creation in

, 145–148

United States Environmental Protection Agency

, 89–90

Urban-based environmentally conscious class creation

, 148–154

Urbanization

, 149, 151

Value

, 20, 68

Veganism

, 26–27

Vegetation

, 88–89

Villa Constitución

, 184–185, 190–192, 200

Armed Contentions

, 197

Villazo in Argentina

, 192–200

Violence in Argentina

, 186–190

“Virtual extinction of some species”

, 129

Voltaire

, 38

von Clausewitz, Carl

, 12

Wadiwel, Dinesh

, 12–13, 23

Wage Labour and Capital (Marx)

, 24

Wallerstein, Immanuel

, 132, 184

War against Animals, The (Dinesh)

, 12

Warburton, R.

, 131–133

Warner, Jeremy

, 82–83

Watson, James

, 74

Welsh, Ian

, 94

WH Group

, 17, 25–26

Wheeler, Matthew B.

, 86–87

Whitehead, Alfred North

, 59–60

Wickham-Crowley, T. P.

, 184–185

Wild animal species

, 161–162

Wildlife

, 163–167

land as commodity and right of

, 174–176

of landowner ethics

, 176–178

management

, 161–163, 170

viewing

, 153

Wilkins, Maurice

, 74

Wilson, Tamar Diana

, 3–4

Wise, Steven

, 49

Wolves

, 138, 144–145

increasing populations of

, 154–155

before private land and livestock

, 139–141

Work

, 80

degradation of

, 63

World Health Organization (WHO)

, 43–44

Worster, Donald

, 163–164

Zootechnics

, 46, 47