Dietary and lifestyle indices for insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
ISSN: 0034-6659
Article publication date: 9 October 2023
Issue publication date: 2 January 2024
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the empirical dietary index for insulin resistance (EDIR) and empirical lifestyle index for insulin resistance (ELIR) with the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Iranian adults.
Design/methodology/approach
In this case-control study, 120 cases of NAFLD and 240 controls aged ≥20 years were included. NAFLD was detected by a gastroenterologist using an ultrasonography test. The food frequency questionnaire was used to collect nutritional data and determine the score of EDIR in participants. ELIR was determined based on body mass index, physical activity and dietary pattern. The odds ratios (ORs) of NAFLD were reported across tertiles of EDIR and ELIR using a logistic regression test.
Findings
The mean±SD age and BMI of subjects were 41.8 ± 7.5 years and 27.4 ± 2.2 kg/m2, respectively. In the age and sex-adjusted model, the odds of NAFLD were increased across tertiles of ELIR (OR = 3.00; 95% CI: 1.63–5.55, Ptrend = 0.001). Also, based on the fully adjusted model, the odds of NAFLD were increased according to tertiles of ELIR (OR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1.38–5.10, Ptrend = 0.006). However, no significant association was found between the higher score of EDIR and odds of NAFLD based on the age and sex-adjusted model (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.68–2.05, Ptrend = 0.52) and the multivariable-adjusted model (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.48–1.70, Ptrend = 0.87).
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this was the first study to examine the role of the insulinemic potential of diet and lifestyle in predicting NAFLD risk. Our findings suggested that a lifestyle with a higher score of ELIR was positively associated with NAFLD risk. However, a diet with a higher score of EDIR was not related to the odds of NAFLD.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
The authors appreciated the participants of this study selected from the Gastroenterology and Diabetes Clinic for their enthusiastic contribution and also the staff of the Department of Physical Education and Sport Science for their valuable help.
Financial support: No funding.
Authors' contributions: A.M., S.RJ and M.KJ had contribution to the conception, design and statistical analysis. F.T. and H.F. have performed the data collection and manuscript drafting. R.H. and S.R.J. supervised the study. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Disclosure statement: The authors declared there is no conflict of interest.
Since acceptance of this article, the following author have updated their affiliation: Farshad Teymoori is at the Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Citation
Momeni, A., Razeghi Jahromi, S., KazemiJahromi, M., Teymoori, F., Farhadnejad, H. and Haghshenas, R. (2024), "Dietary and lifestyle indices for insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. 54 No. 1, pp. 45-55. https://doi.org/10.1108/NFS-11-2022-0369
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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