Index
ISBN: 978-1-83867-828-9, eISBN: 978-1-83867-825-8
Publication date: 25 January 2023
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Cheney, G., Noyes, M., Do, E., Vieta, M., Azkarraga, J. and Michel, C. (2023), "Index", Cooperatives at Work (The Future of Work), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 255-266. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83867-825-820231007
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2023 George Cheney, Matt Noyes, Emi Do, Marcelo Vieta, Joseba Azkarraga and Charlie Michel. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Agaric, 94–95
Agricultural producer cooperatives, 132
Alienation (see also Severance), 130–131, 150
All Japan Free Trade Union, 109–110
Amicus Purchasing Co-op, 88
Amicus Solar Cooperative, 88
Anti-Oppression Resource and Training Alliance (AORTA), 47–48
Association of Cooperative Educators (ACE), 47–48
Associationism, 113
Autogestión/Self-management, 103
Autonomy, 23, 87–88, 100–101, 122
Benefit (“B”) corporations, 159
Bicameralism, 42
Black Lives Matter, 46
Blockchain, 95
Buen Vivir (see also Good Life), 126–127
Builders Labourers Federation, 166–167
Bureaucracy, 63–64
Burley Design Cooperative, 14
Business failure/bankruptcy, 83, 89–91
C Factor, 12, 87, 117, 120
Capital, 25–26, 82
Capitalism, 5, 27–28, 40–41, 82, 84, 147, 205
Carbon trading, 145–146
Careforce, 27–28
Care work, 194
Catholic Action, 190–191
CECOSESOLA, 62–63, 115–116
Change, first- and second order, 91
Chicago Food Policy Action Council, 134–135
ChiFresh, 45, 134–135
Chipukizi Voice of Drama, 181–182
Class (socio-economic), 50–51, 55
Climate change/disruption/crisis, 142–148
Co-op Convert, 49–50
Colonial tea cooperatives, 113
Commoning, 5, 39, 70–71, 128, 205
Commons, 70–73
Communication and language, 176–177
Communism, 113
Community/communities, 17, 109, 138
concept and meanings, 110–113
concern for and values of, 23, 122
forms of, 110–113
principles, 28–30
society, and state, 113
solidarity, 115–121
Community Pharmacy, 136–139
Community Purchasing Alliance Cooperative, 112
Compañerismo
, 119, 126
Comparte network, 199
Competition, 5, 12, 83, 100–101
economic or market, 87–99
general, 81–84
worker cooperatives and competition, 87–99
Confédération des Sindicats Nationaux (CSN), 55
Conflict management/resolution, 48, 138
Conscientization, 124–125, 197–198
Consejo Regional Indígena del Cauca
, 168--169
Consensus, 14–15, 36, 58
Consumer, 17, 152
Consumer-citizens, 196
Consumerism, 202–203
Co-op Exchange, 203–204
Cooperation among cooperatives (or Intercooperation), 23
Cooperation Jackson, 28–29, 56–57
Cooperativa Chilavert Artes Gráficas
, 120–121
Cooperativa Valle dei Cavalieri
, 161
Cooperative ecology, 141, 168
crisis, urgency, and grand delusion, 142–148
limits of growth framework, 157–158
severance, 149–157
stakeholders, 158–163
Cooperative education (See Education)
Cooperative games, 180
Cooperative innovation (See Innovation)
Cooperative life cycle, 59
Cooperative Power Australia, 166–167
Cooperative solution, the, 11–15
Cooperatives/Co-ops, 11–12, 35, 78, 141
of Activity and Employment (CAEs), 79
advantage, 11
clusters, 17
conversions, 55
criteria for cooperative society, 170
diversity, inclusion, and power in, 46–50
educators, 182
financial/mutual, 17
health, 135–138
hybrid, 68–69
independence, 23
measures and outcomes, 13
multistakeholder, 17, 68, 70, 160
myths, 13–15
networks, 15, 31, 33
platform, 17, 93–94, 99
principles, 22–23, 30
social, 69–70
and sustainability, 3–4
of trust, 121
types and prevalence of, 17
Cooperativised Activity Groups (CAGs), 72
Cooperativism, 25, 27, 39, 204–205
bridging gaps, 186–188
communicating, 182–188
platform, 99
Cooperazione Finanza Impresa
, 55
Coopitalism, 90
Corporate concentration (of industries), 45–46
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), 158–159
COVID-19 Mutual Aid UK
COVID-19 pandemic, 2–3, 5, 120–121, 134–135, 137–138, 189
Creative Commons licenses, 79–80
Creative destruction, 82–83, 89
Crises, contemporary, multidimensional, 2, 142, 148
Culture(s), 79, 100, 124, 198
Decentralization, 98–99
Declaration of Nyéléni, 131
Dematerialization, 94, 98–99, 150–151, 155
Democracy, 3–4, 36, 38, 73–74
contemporary, 37
crisis of, 36–37
democratic commitments, 58
democratic member control, 23
economic, 37
grassroots (bottom up), 37–38
meanings of, 42
practice of, 198
spillover effects, 43
state and politics, 37, 40, 113
union and worker co-op, 50–57
work and workplace, 40, 50, 57, 63, 183
Democracy at Work Initiative (DAWI), 183, 199
Demutualization, 14–15
Denial, of problems, 144
Deontological ethics, 58
Dialogue, 87–88, 126–127, 176–177, 184, 191–192
Digital nomads, 9
Distributed co-operative organization (DisCO), 71–72, 95, 194
Diversity-Equity-Inclusion (DEI), and DEIJ or JEDI (including Justice), 46–48, 50
inclusion in cooperatives, 46–50
inclusive organizations, 68–73
DoorDash, 93–94
Doughnut economic and societal model, 86, 183–184
Drivers Cooperative, 94–95
Earthworker Cooperatives, 106, 166–168
Earthworker Energy Manufacturing Cooperative, 166–167
Eco-efficiency, 145–146
Ecological embeddedness, 164–168
Economic neo-liberalism, 147
Economic health, 154–155
Economy and society (inter-relationships), 146, 148, 157
Ed.Coop website, 201–202
Education, 123
accompañamiento
, 191–192
apprenticeship, 175
Base Communities, 197--198
cooperative, 173, 175, 180
democratic, 23, 188, 195
formal, informal, non-formal, tacit, 175–176, 199
learning-by-doing, 192, 200
learning to democratize power, 188–195
participatory, 178, 180, 198
peer-to-peer, 199–200
play, 180
popular, 191
struggle, 199–200
transforming relationships, 192–195
Educators, 177
Employee ownership trusts, 17
Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), 17, 48–49
Enslavement, 121
Entrepreneurs, 77
Entrepreneurship (see also Social entrepreneurship), 75–76, 80, 107
Environment, crisis, 3
Environmental stewardship, 162–163
Equal Exchange, 102, 131–132, 195, 202
Equity, financial, 3–4
shared, 48
Eva Coop, 95
Extinction Rebellion, 144–145
Facebook (Meta), 93–94, 99
Facilitation, 67, 105–106, 174, 177–178, 180, 185–186
Fair Shares, 48–49
FairBnB, 94–95
Farm worker cooperatives, 133
Federation of Producer Cooperatives of Uruguay (FCPU), 55
Feminist economics and organizational theory, 137–138
FemProcomuns
, 72–73, 138–139
Fenwick Weavers’ Society, 16
Fifth Season Cooperative, 160
Food access, 134
Food sovereignty, 130–135
Fossil fuel companies, 93
4 Corners Invents!, 79
Fueros
, 44–45
Full Barrel Cooperative Brewery, 95
Fuorimercato
, 153
Games, cooperative (see also Education), 180
Genocide, 91, 121
Genuine Progress Indicators (GPIs), 155–156
Gig economy, 8–9
Gini Coefficient of economic in/equality, 156–157
Global Youth Network, 187–188
Good life (See also Buen Vivir), 126–138
food sovereignty, 130–135
health and well-being, 135–138
Governance, 11, 42
“Green Ban” actions, 166–167
Green product lines, 145–146
Gross domestic product (GDP), 84–85
Growth, 84
grand delusion, 142–148
limits of growth framework, de-growth, green growth, post-growth, 155, 157–158
Guggenheim effect, 78
Happiness/flourishing/eudaimonia
, 126–127
Health and well-being, 135–138
Hierarchical distance (see also Bureaucracy), 42–43
Housing and land, 17
Human rights and workers’ rights, 40–41, 50–51
Identity, 5, 112, 203
Imagine 2012 conference, 30, 162–163
Imperialism and colonialism, 39
In-groups, out-groups, 111
Indigenous co-ops and culture, 128
Industrial Commons, 26
Information, 23, 87–88, 113, 177–178
Innovation, 75, 107
capitalist innovation, 80–84
change and, 91
cooperative innovation, 99–106
popular images, 76–79
social, social transformational, 101–102
terminology, 79–80
International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), 11, 22
Global Youth Network, 187–188
seven principles, 23
Intersectionality, 116
Isthmus Engineering and Manufacturing, 78
Japan Workers Collective Network (WCNJ), 199
Japan Workers Cooperative Union (JWCU), 39, 109–110, 199
Knights of Labor, 51, 116
Kola Nut Collaborative of Chicago, 105–106
Kwanzaa principles, 28
Labor, organized (see also Unions), 6, 55
Laissez-faire market model, 146
Language, 84, 186–187
Leadership, 174, 176, 188
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (LEINN), 173, 176
Limited liability corporations (LLCs), 17
Livelihood work, 71, 194
Loomio, 95, 98
Love is Love Cooperative Farm, 133
Love work, 71, 194
Mandela Grocery Cooperative, 152
Market pressure, 27–28, 205
Markets, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop, 186–187
Mediating organizations, 38
Medical community, 110
Meet.Coop, 73, 123
MeToo movement, 46
Member economic participation, 23
Membership fee, 23
Menda cooperative village, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association, 132
Moeda (MDA), 95
Mondragón cooperatives, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED), 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system, 90–91
Mondragón Accords, 80
Mondragón Corporation, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy, 101
Otalora Training Center, 173--174
Polytechnical School, 173--174
voting at, 60
Movement degeneration, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), 153
Multi-localization, 90
Mutual aid, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE), 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC), 31–32
Networks, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed, 98–99
deep networking, 166
embeddedness, 164–168
organizational forms and structures, 98–99
New cooperativism, 102–103, 107–108
features, 103
timelines and ruptures, 104–106
New Era Windows, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm, 133
Next Green Cooperative, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Agaric
, 94–95
Agricultural producer cooperatives
, 132
Alienation (see also Severance)
, 130–131, 150
All Japan Free Trade Union
, 109–110
Amicus Purchasing Co-op
, 88
Amicus Solar Cooperative
, 88
Anti-Oppression Resource and Training Alliance (AORTA)
, 47–48
Association of Cooperative Educators (ACE)
, 47–48
Associationism
, 113
Autogestión/Self-management
, 103
Autonomy
, 23, 87–88, 100–101, 122
Benefit (“B”) corporations
, 159
Bicameralism
, 42
Black Lives Matter
, 46
Blockchain
, 95
Buen Vivir (see also Good Life)
, 126–127
Builders Labourers Federation
, 166–167
Bureaucracy
, 63–64
Burley Design Cooperative
, 14
Business failure/bankruptcy
, 83, 89–91
C Factor, 12, 87, 117, 120
Capital, 25–26, 82
Capitalism, 5, 27–28, 40–41, 82, 84, 147, 205
Carbon trading, 145–146
Careforce, 27–28
Care work, 194
Catholic Action, 190–191
CECOSESOLA, 62–63, 115–116
Change, first- and second order, 91
Chicago Food Policy Action Council, 134–135
ChiFresh, 45, 134–135
Chipukizi Voice of Drama, 181–182
Class (socio-economic), 50–51, 55
Climate change/disruption/crisis, 142–148
Co-op Convert, 49–50
Colonial tea cooperatives, 113
Commoning, 5, 39, 70–71, 128, 205
Commons, 70–73
Communication and language, 176–177
Communism, 113
Community/communities, 17, 109, 138
concept and meanings, 110–113
concern for and values of, 23, 122
forms of, 110–113
principles, 28–30
society, and state, 113
solidarity, 115–121
Community Pharmacy, 136–139
Community Purchasing Alliance Cooperative, 112
Compañerismo
, 119, 126
Comparte network, 199
Competition, 5, 12, 83, 100–101
economic or market, 87–99
general, 81–84
worker cooperatives and competition, 87–99
Confédération des Sindicats Nationaux (CSN), 55
Conflict management/resolution, 48, 138
Conscientization, 124–125, 197–198
Consejo Regional Indígena del Cauca
, 168--169
Consensus, 14–15, 36, 58
Consumer, 17, 152
Consumer-citizens, 196
Consumerism, 202–203
Co-op Exchange, 203–204
Cooperation among cooperatives (or Intercooperation), 23
Cooperation Jackson, 28–29, 56–57
Cooperativa Chilavert Artes Gráficas
, 120–121
Cooperativa Valle dei Cavalieri
, 161
Cooperative ecology, 141, 168
crisis, urgency, and grand delusion, 142–148
limits of growth framework, 157–158
severance, 149–157
stakeholders, 158–163
Cooperative education (See Education)
Cooperative games, 180
Cooperative innovation (See Innovation)
Cooperative life cycle, 59
Cooperative Power Australia, 166–167
Cooperative solution, the, 11–15
Cooperatives/Co-ops, 11–12, 35, 78, 141
of Activity and Employment (CAEs), 79
advantage, 11
clusters, 17
conversions, 55
criteria for cooperative society, 170
diversity, inclusion, and power in, 46–50
educators, 182
financial/mutual, 17
health, 135–138
hybrid, 68–69
independence, 23
measures and outcomes, 13
multistakeholder, 17, 68, 70, 160
myths, 13–15
networks, 15, 31, 33
platform, 17, 93–94, 99
principles, 22–23, 30
social, 69–70
and sustainability, 3–4
of trust, 121
types and prevalence of, 17
Cooperativised Activity Groups (CAGs), 72
Cooperativism, 25, 27, 39, 204–205
bridging gaps, 186–188
communicating, 182–188
platform, 99
Cooperazione Finanza Impresa
, 55
Coopitalism, 90
Corporate concentration (of industries), 45–46
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), 158–159
COVID-19 Mutual Aid UK
COVID-19 pandemic, 2–3, 5, 120–121, 134–135, 137–138, 189
Creative Commons licenses, 79–80
Creative destruction, 82–83, 89
Crises, contemporary, multidimensional, 2, 142, 148
Culture(s), 79, 100, 124, 198
Decentralization, 98–99
Declaration of Nyéléni, 131
Dematerialization, 94, 98–99, 150–151, 155
Democracy, 3–4, 36, 38, 73–74
contemporary, 37
crisis of, 36–37
democratic commitments, 58
democratic member control, 23
economic, 37
grassroots (bottom up), 37–38
meanings of, 42
practice of, 198
spillover effects, 43
state and politics, 37, 40, 113
union and worker co-op, 50–57
work and workplace, 40, 50, 57, 63, 183
Democracy at Work Initiative (DAWI), 183, 199
Demutualization, 14–15
Denial, of problems, 144
Deontological ethics, 58
Dialogue, 87–88, 126–127, 176–177, 184, 191–192
Digital nomads, 9
Distributed co-operative organization (DisCO), 71–72, 95, 194
Diversity-Equity-Inclusion (DEI), and DEIJ or JEDI (including Justice), 46–48, 50
inclusion in cooperatives, 46–50
inclusive organizations, 68–73
DoorDash, 93–94
Doughnut economic and societal model, 86, 183–184
Drivers Cooperative, 94–95
Earthworker Cooperatives, 106, 166–168
Earthworker Energy Manufacturing Cooperative, 166–167
Eco-efficiency, 145–146
Ecological embeddedness, 164–168
Economic neo-liberalism, 147
Economic health, 154–155
Economy and society (inter-relationships), 146, 148, 157
Ed.Coop website, 201–202
Education, 123
accompañamiento
, 191–192
apprenticeship, 175
Base Communities, 197--198
cooperative, 173, 175, 180
democratic, 23, 188, 195
formal, informal, non-formal, tacit, 175–176, 199
learning-by-doing, 192, 200
learning to democratize power, 188–195
participatory, 178, 180, 198
peer-to-peer, 199–200
play, 180
popular, 191
struggle, 199–200
transforming relationships, 192–195
Educators, 177
Employee ownership trusts, 17
Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), 17, 48–49
Enslavement, 121
Entrepreneurs, 77
Entrepreneurship (see also Social entrepreneurship), 75–76, 80, 107
Environment, crisis, 3
Environmental stewardship, 162–163
Equal Exchange, 102, 131–132, 195, 202
Equity, financial, 3–4
shared, 48
Eva Coop, 95
Extinction Rebellion, 144–145
Facebook (Meta), 93–94, 99
Facilitation, 67, 105–106, 174, 177–178, 180, 185–186
Fair Shares, 48–49
FairBnB, 94–95
Farm worker cooperatives, 133
Federation of Producer Cooperatives of Uruguay (FCPU), 55
Feminist economics and organizational theory, 137–138
FemProcomuns
, 72–73, 138–139
Fenwick Weavers’ Society, 16
Fifth Season Cooperative, 160
Food access, 134
Food sovereignty, 130–135
Fossil fuel companies, 93
4 Corners Invents!, 79
Fueros
, 44–45
Full Barrel Cooperative Brewery, 95
Fuorimercato
, 153
Games, cooperative (see also Education), 180
Genocide, 91, 121
Genuine Progress Indicators (GPIs), 155–156
Gig economy, 8–9
Gini Coefficient of economic in/equality, 156–157
Global Youth Network, 187–188
Good life (See also Buen Vivir), 126–138
food sovereignty, 130–135
health and well-being, 135–138
Governance, 11, 42
“Green Ban” actions, 166–167
Green product lines, 145–146
Gross domestic product (GDP), 84–85
Growth, 84
grand delusion, 142–148
limits of growth framework, de-growth, green growth, post-growth, 155, 157–158
Guggenheim effect, 78
Happiness/flourishing/eudaimonia
, 126–127
Health and well-being, 135–138
Hierarchical distance (see also Bureaucracy), 42–43
Housing and land, 17
Human rights and workers’ rights, 40–41, 50–51
Identity, 5, 112, 203
Imagine 2012 conference, 30, 162–163
Imperialism and colonialism, 39
In-groups, out-groups, 111
Indigenous co-ops and culture, 128
Industrial Commons, 26
Information, 23, 87–88, 113, 177–178
Innovation, 75, 107
capitalist innovation, 80–84
change and, 91
cooperative innovation, 99–106
popular images, 76–79
social, social transformational, 101–102
terminology, 79–80
International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), 11, 22
Global Youth Network, 187–188
seven principles, 23
Intersectionality, 116
Isthmus Engineering and Manufacturing, 78
Japan Workers Collective Network (WCNJ), 199
Japan Workers Cooperative Union (JWCU), 39, 109–110, 199
Knights of Labor, 51, 116
Kola Nut Collaborative of Chicago, 105–106
Kwanzaa principles, 28
Labor, organized (see also Unions), 6, 55
Laissez-faire market model, 146
Language, 84, 186–187
Leadership, 174, 176, 188
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (LEINN), 173, 176
Limited liability corporations (LLCs), 17
Livelihood work, 71, 194
Loomio, 95, 98
Love is Love Cooperative Farm, 133
Love work, 71, 194
Mandela Grocery Cooperative, 152
Market pressure, 27–28, 205
Markets, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop, 186–187
Mediating organizations, 38
Medical community, 110
Meet.Coop, 73, 123
MeToo movement, 46
Member economic participation, 23
Membership fee, 23
Menda cooperative village, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association, 132
Moeda (MDA), 95
Mondragón cooperatives, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED), 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system, 90–91
Mondragón Accords, 80
Mondragón Corporation, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy, 101
Otalora Training Center, 173--174
Polytechnical School, 173--174
voting at, 60
Movement degeneration, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), 153
Multi-localization, 90
Mutual aid, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE), 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC), 31–32
Networks, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed, 98–99
deep networking, 166
embeddedness, 164–168
organizational forms and structures, 98–99
New cooperativism, 102–103, 107–108
features, 103
timelines and ruptures, 104–106
New Era Windows, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm, 133
Next Green Cooperative, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
C Factor
, 12, 87, 117, 120
Capital
, 25–26, 82
Capitalism
, 5, 27–28, 40–41, 82, 84, 147, 205
Carbon trading
, 145–146
Careforce
, 27–28
Care work
, 194
Catholic Action
, 190–191
CECOSESOLA
, 62–63, 115–116
Change, first- and second order
, 91
Chicago Food Policy Action Council
, 134–135
ChiFresh
, 45, 134–135
Chipukizi Voice of Drama
, 181–182
Class (socio-economic)
, 50–51, 55
Climate change/disruption/crisis
, 142–148
Co-op Convert
, 49–50
Colonial tea cooperatives
, 113
Commoning
, 5, 39, 70–71, 128, 205
Commons
, 70–73
Communication and language
, 176–177
Communism
, 113
Community/communities
, 17, 109, 138
concept and meanings
, 110–113
concern for and values of
, 23, 122
forms of
, 110–113
principles
, 28–30
society, and state
, 113
solidarity
, 115–121
Community Pharmacy
, 136–139
Community Purchasing Alliance Cooperative
, 112
Compañerismo
, 119, 126
Comparte network
, 199
Competition
, 5, 12, 83, 100–101
economic or market
, 87–99
general
, 81–84
worker cooperatives and competition
, 87–99
Confédération des Sindicats Nationaux (CSN)
, 55
Conflict management/resolution
, 48, 138
Conscientization
, 124–125, 197–198
Consejo Regional Indígena del Cauca
, 168--169
Consensus
, 14–15, 36, 58
Consumer
, 17, 152
Consumer-citizens
, 196
Consumerism
, 202–203
Co-op Exchange
, 203–204
Cooperation among cooperatives (or Intercooperation)
, 23
Cooperation Jackson
, 28–29, 56–57
Cooperativa Chilavert Artes Gráficas
, 120–121
Cooperativa Valle dei Cavalieri
, 161
Cooperative ecology
, 141, 168
crisis, urgency, and grand delusion
, 142–148
limits of growth framework
, 157–158
severance
, 149–157
stakeholders
, 158–163
Cooperative education (See Education)
Cooperative games
, 180
Cooperative innovation (See Innovation)
Cooperative life cycle
, 59
Cooperative Power Australia
, 166–167
Cooperative solution, the
, 11–15
Cooperatives/Co-ops
, 11–12, 35, 78, 141
of Activity and Employment (CAEs)
, 79
advantage
, 11
clusters
, 17
conversions
, 55
criteria for cooperative society
, 170
diversity, inclusion, and power in
, 46–50
educators
, 182
financial/mutual
, 17
health
, 135–138
hybrid
, 68–69
independence
, 23
measures and outcomes
, 13
multistakeholder
, 17, 68, 70, 160
myths
, 13–15
networks
, 15, 31, 33
platform
, 17, 93–94, 99
principles
, 22–23, 30
social
, 69–70
and sustainability
, 3–4
of trust
, 121
types and prevalence of
, 17
Cooperativised Activity Groups (CAGs)
, 72
Cooperativism
, 25, 27, 39, 204–205
bridging gaps
, 186–188
communicating
, 182–188
platform
, 99
Cooperazione Finanza Impresa
, 55
Coopitalism
, 90
Corporate concentration (of industries)
, 45–46
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
, 158–159
COVID-19 Mutual Aid UK
COVID-19 pandemic
, 2–3, 5, 120–121, 134–135, 137–138, 189
Creative Commons licenses
, 79–80
Creative destruction
, 82–83, 89
Crises, contemporary, multidimensional
, 2, 142, 148
Culture(s)
, 79, 100, 124, 198
Decentralization
, 98–99
Declaration of Nyéléni
, 131
Dematerialization
, 94, 98–99, 150–151, 155
Democracy
, 3–4, 36, 38, 73–74
contemporary
, 37
crisis of
, 36–37
democratic commitments
, 58
democratic member control
, 23
economic
, 37
grassroots (bottom up)
, 37–38
meanings of
, 42
practice of
, 198
spillover effects
, 43
state and politics
, 37, 40, 113
union and worker co-op
, 50–57
work and workplace
, 40, 50, 57, 63, 183
Democracy at Work Initiative (DAWI)
, 183, 199
Demutualization
, 14–15
Denial, of problems
, 144
Deontological ethics
, 58
Dialogue
, 87–88, 126–127, 176–177, 184, 191–192
Digital nomads
, 9
Distributed co-operative organization (DisCO)
, 71–72, 95, 194
Diversity-Equity-Inclusion (DEI), and DEIJ or JEDI (including Justice)
, 46–48, 50
inclusion in cooperatives
, 46–50
inclusive organizations
, 68–73
DoorDash
, 93–94
Doughnut economic and societal model
, 86, 183–184
Drivers Cooperative
, 94–95
Earthworker Cooperatives, 106, 166–168
Earthworker Energy Manufacturing Cooperative, 166–167
Eco-efficiency, 145–146
Ecological embeddedness, 164–168
Economic neo-liberalism, 147
Economic health, 154–155
Economy and society (inter-relationships), 146, 148, 157
Ed.Coop website, 201–202
Education, 123
accompañamiento
, 191–192
apprenticeship, 175
Base Communities, 197--198
cooperative, 173, 175, 180
democratic, 23, 188, 195
formal, informal, non-formal, tacit, 175–176, 199
learning-by-doing, 192, 200
learning to democratize power, 188–195
participatory, 178, 180, 198
peer-to-peer, 199–200
play, 180
popular, 191
struggle, 199–200
transforming relationships, 192–195
Educators, 177
Employee ownership trusts, 17
Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), 17, 48–49
Enslavement, 121
Entrepreneurs, 77
Entrepreneurship (see also Social entrepreneurship), 75–76, 80, 107
Environment, crisis, 3
Environmental stewardship, 162–163
Equal Exchange, 102, 131–132, 195, 202
Equity, financial, 3–4
shared, 48
Eva Coop, 95
Extinction Rebellion, 144–145
Facebook (Meta), 93–94, 99
Facilitation, 67, 105–106, 174, 177–178, 180, 185–186
Fair Shares, 48–49
FairBnB, 94–95
Farm worker cooperatives, 133
Federation of Producer Cooperatives of Uruguay (FCPU), 55
Feminist economics and organizational theory, 137–138
FemProcomuns
, 72–73, 138–139
Fenwick Weavers’ Society, 16
Fifth Season Cooperative, 160
Food access, 134
Food sovereignty, 130–135
Fossil fuel companies, 93
4 Corners Invents!, 79
Fueros
, 44–45
Full Barrel Cooperative Brewery, 95
Fuorimercato
, 153
Games, cooperative (see also Education), 180
Genocide, 91, 121
Genuine Progress Indicators (GPIs), 155–156
Gig economy, 8–9
Gini Coefficient of economic in/equality, 156–157
Global Youth Network, 187–188
Good life (See also Buen Vivir), 126–138
food sovereignty, 130–135
health and well-being, 135–138
Governance, 11, 42
“Green Ban” actions, 166–167
Green product lines, 145–146
Gross domestic product (GDP), 84–85
Growth, 84
grand delusion, 142–148
limits of growth framework, de-growth, green growth, post-growth, 155, 157–158
Guggenheim effect, 78
Happiness/flourishing/eudaimonia
, 126–127
Health and well-being, 135–138
Hierarchical distance (see also Bureaucracy), 42–43
Housing and land, 17
Human rights and workers’ rights, 40–41, 50–51
Identity, 5, 112, 203
Imagine 2012 conference, 30, 162–163
Imperialism and colonialism, 39
In-groups, out-groups, 111
Indigenous co-ops and culture, 128
Industrial Commons, 26
Information, 23, 87–88, 113, 177–178
Innovation, 75, 107
capitalist innovation, 80–84
change and, 91
cooperative innovation, 99–106
popular images, 76–79
social, social transformational, 101–102
terminology, 79–80
International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), 11, 22
Global Youth Network, 187–188
seven principles, 23
Intersectionality, 116
Isthmus Engineering and Manufacturing, 78
Japan Workers Collective Network (WCNJ), 199
Japan Workers Cooperative Union (JWCU), 39, 109–110, 199
Knights of Labor, 51, 116
Kola Nut Collaborative of Chicago, 105–106
Kwanzaa principles, 28
Labor, organized (see also Unions), 6, 55
Laissez-faire market model, 146
Language, 84, 186–187
Leadership, 174, 176, 188
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (LEINN), 173, 176
Limited liability corporations (LLCs), 17
Livelihood work, 71, 194
Loomio, 95, 98
Love is Love Cooperative Farm, 133
Love work, 71, 194
Mandela Grocery Cooperative, 152
Market pressure, 27–28, 205
Markets, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop, 186–187
Mediating organizations, 38
Medical community, 110
Meet.Coop, 73, 123
MeToo movement, 46
Member economic participation, 23
Membership fee, 23
Menda cooperative village, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association, 132
Moeda (MDA), 95
Mondragón cooperatives, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED), 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system, 90–91
Mondragón Accords, 80
Mondragón Corporation, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy, 101
Otalora Training Center, 173--174
Polytechnical School, 173--174
voting at, 60
Movement degeneration, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), 153
Multi-localization, 90
Mutual aid, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE), 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC), 31–32
Networks, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed, 98–99
deep networking, 166
embeddedness, 164–168
organizational forms and structures, 98–99
New cooperativism, 102–103, 107–108
features, 103
timelines and ruptures, 104–106
New Era Windows, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm, 133
Next Green Cooperative, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Earthworker Cooperatives
, 106, 166–168
Earthworker Energy Manufacturing Cooperative
, 166–167
Eco-efficiency
, 145–146
Ecological embeddedness
, 164–168
Economic neo-liberalism
, 147
Economic health
, 154–155
Economy and society (inter-relationships)
, 146, 148, 157
Ed.Coop website
, 201–202
Education
, 123
accompañamiento
, 191–192
apprenticeship
, 175
Base Communities
, 197--198
cooperative
, 173, 175, 180
democratic
, 23, 188, 195
formal, informal, non-formal, tacit
, 175–176, 199
learning-by-doing
, 192, 200
learning to democratize power
, 188–195
participatory
, 178, 180, 198
peer-to-peer
, 199–200
play
, 180
popular
, 191
struggle
, 199–200
transforming relationships
, 192–195
Educators
, 177
Employee ownership trusts
, 17
Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
, 17, 48–49
Enslavement
, 121
Entrepreneurs
, 77
Entrepreneurship (see also Social entrepreneurship)
, 75–76, 80, 107
Environment, crisis
, 3
Environmental stewardship
, 162–163
Equal Exchange
, 102, 131–132, 195, 202
Equity, financial
, 3–4
shared
, 48
Eva Coop
, 95
Extinction Rebellion
, 144–145
Facebook (Meta)
, 93–94, 99
Facilitation
, 67, 105–106, 174, 177–178, 180, 185–186
Fair Shares
, 48–49
FairBnB
, 94–95
Farm worker cooperatives
, 133
Federation of Producer Cooperatives of Uruguay (FCPU)
, 55
Feminist economics and organizational theory
, 137–138
FemProcomuns
, 72–73, 138–139
Fenwick Weavers’ Society
, 16
Fifth Season Cooperative
, 160
Food access
, 134
Food sovereignty
, 130–135
Fossil fuel companies
, 93
4 Corners Invents!
, 79
Fueros
, 44–45
Full Barrel Cooperative Brewery
, 95
Fuorimercato
, 153
Games, cooperative (see also Education), 180
Genocide, 91, 121
Genuine Progress Indicators (GPIs), 155–156
Gig economy, 8–9
Gini Coefficient of economic in/equality, 156–157
Global Youth Network, 187–188
Good life (See also Buen Vivir), 126–138
food sovereignty, 130–135
health and well-being, 135–138
Governance, 11, 42
“Green Ban” actions, 166–167
Green product lines, 145–146
Gross domestic product (GDP), 84–85
Growth, 84
grand delusion, 142–148
limits of growth framework, de-growth, green growth, post-growth, 155, 157–158
Guggenheim effect, 78
Happiness/flourishing/eudaimonia
, 126–127
Health and well-being, 135–138
Hierarchical distance (see also Bureaucracy), 42–43
Housing and land, 17
Human rights and workers’ rights, 40–41, 50–51
Identity, 5, 112, 203
Imagine 2012 conference, 30, 162–163
Imperialism and colonialism, 39
In-groups, out-groups, 111
Indigenous co-ops and culture, 128
Industrial Commons, 26
Information, 23, 87–88, 113, 177–178
Innovation, 75, 107
capitalist innovation, 80–84
change and, 91
cooperative innovation, 99–106
popular images, 76–79
social, social transformational, 101–102
terminology, 79–80
International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), 11, 22
Global Youth Network, 187–188
seven principles, 23
Intersectionality, 116
Isthmus Engineering and Manufacturing, 78
Japan Workers Collective Network (WCNJ), 199
Japan Workers Cooperative Union (JWCU), 39, 109–110, 199
Knights of Labor, 51, 116
Kola Nut Collaborative of Chicago, 105–106
Kwanzaa principles, 28
Labor, organized (see also Unions), 6, 55
Laissez-faire market model, 146
Language, 84, 186–187
Leadership, 174, 176, 188
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (LEINN), 173, 176
Limited liability corporations (LLCs), 17
Livelihood work, 71, 194
Loomio, 95, 98
Love is Love Cooperative Farm, 133
Love work, 71, 194
Mandela Grocery Cooperative, 152
Market pressure, 27–28, 205
Markets, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop, 186–187
Mediating organizations, 38
Medical community, 110
Meet.Coop, 73, 123
MeToo movement, 46
Member economic participation, 23
Membership fee, 23
Menda cooperative village, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association, 132
Moeda (MDA), 95
Mondragón cooperatives, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED), 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system, 90–91
Mondragón Accords, 80
Mondragón Corporation, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy, 101
Otalora Training Center, 173--174
Polytechnical School, 173--174
voting at, 60
Movement degeneration, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), 153
Multi-localization, 90
Mutual aid, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE), 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC), 31–32
Networks, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed, 98–99
deep networking, 166
embeddedness, 164–168
organizational forms and structures, 98–99
New cooperativism, 102–103, 107–108
features, 103
timelines and ruptures, 104–106
New Era Windows, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm, 133
Next Green Cooperative, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Games, cooperative (see also Education)
, 180
Genocide
, 91, 121
Genuine Progress Indicators (GPIs)
, 155–156
Gig economy
, 8–9
Gini Coefficient of economic in/equality
, 156–157
Global Youth Network
, 187–188
Good life (See also Buen Vivir)
, 126–138
food sovereignty
, 130–135
health and well-being
, 135–138
Governance
, 11, 42
“Green Ban” actions
, 166–167
Green product lines
, 145–146
Gross domestic product (GDP)
, 84–85
Growth
, 84
grand delusion
, 142–148
limits of growth framework, de-growth, green growth, post-growth
, 155, 157–158
Guggenheim effect
, 78
Happiness/flourishing/eudaimonia
, 126–127
Health and well-being
, 135–138
Hierarchical distance (see also Bureaucracy)
, 42–43
Housing and land
, 17
Human rights and workers’ rights
, 40–41, 50–51
Identity, 5, 112, 203
Imagine 2012 conference, 30, 162–163
Imperialism and colonialism, 39
In-groups, out-groups, 111
Indigenous co-ops and culture, 128
Industrial Commons, 26
Information, 23, 87–88, 113, 177–178
Innovation, 75, 107
capitalist innovation, 80–84
change and, 91
cooperative innovation, 99–106
popular images, 76–79
social, social transformational, 101–102
terminology, 79–80
International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), 11, 22
Global Youth Network, 187–188
seven principles, 23
Intersectionality, 116
Isthmus Engineering and Manufacturing, 78
Japan Workers Collective Network (WCNJ), 199
Japan Workers Cooperative Union (JWCU), 39, 109–110, 199
Knights of Labor, 51, 116
Kola Nut Collaborative of Chicago, 105–106
Kwanzaa principles, 28
Labor, organized (see also Unions), 6, 55
Laissez-faire market model, 146
Language, 84, 186–187
Leadership, 174, 176, 188
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (LEINN), 173, 176
Limited liability corporations (LLCs), 17
Livelihood work, 71, 194
Loomio, 95, 98
Love is Love Cooperative Farm, 133
Love work, 71, 194
Mandela Grocery Cooperative, 152
Market pressure, 27–28, 205
Markets, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop, 186–187
Mediating organizations, 38
Medical community, 110
Meet.Coop, 73, 123
MeToo movement, 46
Member economic participation, 23
Membership fee, 23
Menda cooperative village, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association, 132
Moeda (MDA), 95
Mondragón cooperatives, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED), 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system, 90–91
Mondragón Accords, 80
Mondragón Corporation, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy, 101
Otalora Training Center, 173--174
Polytechnical School, 173--174
voting at, 60
Movement degeneration, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), 153
Multi-localization, 90
Mutual aid, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE), 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC), 31–32
Networks, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed, 98–99
deep networking, 166
embeddedness, 164–168
organizational forms and structures, 98–99
New cooperativism, 102–103, 107–108
features, 103
timelines and ruptures, 104–106
New Era Windows, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm, 133
Next Green Cooperative, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Identity
, 5, 112, 203
Imagine 2012 conference
, 30, 162–163
Imperialism and colonialism
, 39
In-groups, out-groups
, 111
Indigenous co-ops and culture
, 128
Industrial Commons
, 26
Information
, 23, 87–88, 113, 177–178
Innovation
, 75, 107
capitalist innovation
, 80–84
change and
, 91
cooperative innovation
, 99–106
popular images
, 76–79
social, social transformational
, 101–102
terminology
, 79–80
International Cooperative Alliance (ICA)
, 11, 22
Global Youth Network
, 187–188
seven principles
, 23
Intersectionality
, 116
Isthmus Engineering and Manufacturing
, 78
Japan Workers Collective Network (WCNJ)
, 199
Japan Workers Cooperative Union (JWCU)
, 39, 109–110, 199
Knights of Labor, 51, 116
Kola Nut Collaborative of Chicago, 105–106
Kwanzaa principles, 28
Labor, organized (see also Unions), 6, 55
Laissez-faire market model, 146
Language, 84, 186–187
Leadership, 174, 176, 188
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (LEINN), 173, 176
Limited liability corporations (LLCs), 17
Livelihood work, 71, 194
Loomio, 95, 98
Love is Love Cooperative Farm, 133
Love work, 71, 194
Mandela Grocery Cooperative, 152
Market pressure, 27–28, 205
Markets, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop, 186–187
Mediating organizations, 38
Medical community, 110
Meet.Coop, 73, 123
MeToo movement, 46
Member economic participation, 23
Membership fee, 23
Menda cooperative village, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association, 132
Moeda (MDA), 95
Mondragón cooperatives, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED), 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system, 90–91
Mondragón Accords, 80
Mondragón Corporation, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy, 101
Otalora Training Center, 173--174
Polytechnical School, 173--174
voting at, 60
Movement degeneration, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), 153
Multi-localization, 90
Mutual aid, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE), 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC), 31–32
Networks, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed, 98–99
deep networking, 166
embeddedness, 164–168
organizational forms and structures, 98–99
New cooperativism, 102–103, 107–108
features, 103
timelines and ruptures, 104–106
New Era Windows, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm, 133
Next Green Cooperative, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Knights of Labor
, 51, 116
Kola Nut Collaborative of Chicago
, 105–106
Kwanzaa principles
, 28
Labor, organized (see also Unions)
, 6, 55
Laissez-faire market model
, 146
Language
, 84, 186–187
Leadership
, 174, 176, 188
Leadership, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (LEINN)
, 173, 176
Limited liability corporations (LLCs)
, 17
Livelihood work
, 71, 194
Loomio
, 95, 98
Love is Love Cooperative Farm
, 133
Love work
, 71, 194
Mandela Grocery Cooperative, 152
Market pressure, 27–28, 205
Markets, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop, 186–187
Mediating organizations, 38
Medical community, 110
Meet.Coop, 73, 123
MeToo movement, 46
Member economic participation, 23
Membership fee, 23
Menda cooperative village, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association, 132
Moeda (MDA), 95
Mondragón cooperatives, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED), 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system, 90–91
Mondragón Accords, 80
Mondragón Corporation, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy, 101
Otalora Training Center, 173--174
Polytechnical School, 173--174
voting at, 60
Movement degeneration, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), 153
Multi-localization, 90
Mutual aid, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE), 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC), 31–32
Networks, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed, 98–99
deep networking, 166
embeddedness, 164–168
organizational forms and structures, 98–99
New cooperativism, 102–103, 107–108
features, 103
timelines and ruptures, 104–106
New Era Windows, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm, 133
Next Green Cooperative, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Mandela Grocery Cooperative
, 152
Market pressure
, 27–28, 205
Markets
, 100, 163
MayFirst.coop
, 186–187
Mediating organizations
, 38
Medical community
, 110
Meet.Coop
, 73, 123
MeToo movement
, 46
Member economic participation
, 23
Membership fee
, 23
Menda cooperative village
, 37–38
Milestone Cooperative Association
, 132
Moeda (MDA)
, 95
Mondragón cooperatives
, 42, 51–52, 173–174
Alecop
, 173–174
Arizmendiarrieta/Arizmendi
, 107
Fagor Electrodomésticos (FED)
, 89, 100
Lagun-Aro system
, 90–91
Mondragón Accords
, 80
Mondragón Corporation
, 157
Mondragón culture and history
Mondragón principles
, 25–26
Mondragón Team Academy
, 101
Otalora Training Center
, 173--174
Polytechnical School
, 173--174
voting at
, 60
Movement degeneration
, 55
Movimiento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST)
, 153
Multi-localization
, 90
Mutual aid
, 5, 16, 105–106, 137–138, 168–169
NAACP
, 190
Namasté Solar cooperative
, 88, 202
National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA)
, 131–132
National Revolutionary Union of Euzkadi Workers (SNRTE)
, 66–67
Neo-liberal economic policy
, 103
Network of Bay Area Worker Cooperatives (NoBAWC)
, 31–32
Networks
, 64
centralized, decentralized and distributed
, 98–99
deep networking
, 166
embeddedness
, 164–168
organizational forms and structures
, 98–99
New cooperativism
, 102–103, 107–108
features
, 103
timelines and ruptures
, 104–106
New Era Windows
, 53
New Roots Cooperative Farm
, 133
Next Green Cooperative
, 165--166
Occupy movement, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center, 49–50
Oneida Community, 80
Open Collective, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ), 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative, 164–165
Organizational frameworks, 150
Organizational studies, 150
Organizational theory, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), 121
Paris Commune of 1871, 113
Participation, 10, 14–15
deep, 195–204
employee/worker, 178–179
equitable, 42–43
informed, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work), 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC), 174
Plywood cooperatives, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism), 152–153
Post-industrial, 150–151
Power, 38
power over, power with, 38
Precarity, 8–9, 131
Progress, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Occupy movement
, 5, 43–44
Ohio Employee Ownership Center
, 49–50
Oneida Community
, 80
Open Collective
, 95, 179–180
Open Food Network
, 94–95
Oppression (see also DEI, DEIJ)
, 80, 121
Organagardens Cooperative
, 164–165
Organizational frameworks
, 150
Organizational studies
, 150
Organizational theory
, 150, 164
Organopónicos
, 59–60, 164
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC)
, 121
Paris Commune of 1871
, 113
Participation
, 10, 14–15
deep
, 195–204
employee/worker
, 178–179
equitable
, 42–43
informed
, 42–43
work-based (see also Democracy, work)
, 42–43
Participatory-democratic consciousness
, 198
Platform Cooperative Consortium (PCC)
, 174
Plywood cooperatives
, 43
Political consumption (see also Consumer, Consumerism)
, 152–153
Post-industrial
, 150–151
Power
, 38
power over, power with
, 38
Precarity
, 8–9, 131
Progress
, 79, 84, 143, 154, 157
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows), 53
Resilience, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for, 170
RESOURCE cooperative, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative, 170
RiMaflow, 153
Rochdale Pioneers, 22
Rockhound community, 110
Rojava Cooperatives, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP), 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs), 59–60
Rural cooperatives, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Quilombos
, 16
Rainbow Grocery
, 152
Redgum Cleaning Cooperative
, 166–167
Relational/relationship emphasis
, 112
Republic Windows and Doors (See also New Era Windows)
, 53
Resilience
, 10, 127, 141, 163–165, 168
Resilient society, criteria for
, 170
RESOURCE cooperative
, 151–152, 202
Restoration/restorative
, 170
RiMaflow
, 153
Rochdale Pioneers
, 22
Rockhound community
, 110
Rojava Cooperatives
, 39
Role playing; Live Action Role-Playing (LARP)
, 180
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs)
, 59–60
Rural cooperatives
, 186–187, 199
Russian Revolution of 1917
, 113
SACMI Imola S.C., 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO), 92
Scaling out versus scaling up, 88
Science fiction, 80
School Strike for Climate, 184
Second-tier cooperatives, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation), 149–157
Shared ownership, 48–49
Sharing economy, 93–94
Social capital, 44, 112–113
Social council, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE), 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs, 93
Social entrepreneurship, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation, 92–93
Social justice, 103, 186
Social movements, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change), 193–194
Social solidarity, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop, 73, 95
Socialism, 40–41, 113
Socialization, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL), 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI), 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC), 69–70
Sociocracy, 67
Socio-technical systems, 40
Solidarity, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor, 117–120
circles of community, 121–126
concept and meanings, 115–121
economic, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust, 120–121
Solidarity NYC, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor, 25–26
Space race, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders, 158–163
solidarities and networks, 162–163
theory, 160
Storytelling and narrative, 185
Strong and weak ties, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 190–191
Sunrise Movement, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society, 93–94
Sustainability, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG), 148, 202
Sustainable development, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC), 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ), 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism, 58
There is no alternative (TINA), 84
Third-tier cooperatives, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade, 95
Free Trade, 168
TRADOC, 66–67
Training (See also Education), 23
Transition Town movement, 28
Triple Bottom Line, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
SACMI Imola S.C.
, 78
Satoyama
, 165
Savings and Credit Cooperative (SACCO)
, 92
Scaling out versus scaling up
, 88
Science fiction
, 80
School Strike for Climate
, 184
Second-tier cooperatives
, 17
Secure Scuttlebutt
, 95, 98–99
Severance (see also Alienation)
, 149–157
Shared ownership
, 48–49
Sharing economy
, 93–94
Social capital
, 44, 112–113
Social council
, 56–57
Social economy, social and solidarity economy (SSE)
, 126, 163
Social entrepreneurs
, 93
Social entrepreneurship
, 43–44, 75, 92–93
Social innovation
, 92–93
Social justice
, 103, 186
Social movements
, 71, 102–103, 116–117, 125, 164–165
Social networks
, 59–60, 88, 113
Social reproduction and change (see also Values change)
, 193–194
Social solidarity
, 2–3, 75–76
Social transformation
, 10, 25, 100–101, 126, 146
Social.Coop
, 73, 95
Socialism
, 40–41, 113
Socialization
, 105–106, 193–194, 200
Sociedades Anónimas Laborales (SAL)
, 17
Società Anonima Cooperativa Meccanici Imola (SACMI)
, 78
Société coopérative d’intérêt collectif (SCIC)
, 69–70
Sociocracy
, 67
Socio-technical systems
, 40
Solidarity
, 3–4, 115–118, 121, 136
C-Factor
, 117–120
circles of community
, 121–126
concept and meanings
, 115–121
economic
, 75–76
economy/ economía solidaria
, 30, 126
trust
, 120–121
Solidarity NYC
, 186
South Korean grassroots democracy movement
, 197–198
Sovereignty of Labor
, 25–26
Space race
, 77, 83–84
Stakeholders
, 158–163
solidarities and networks
, 162–163
theory
, 160
Storytelling and narrative
, 185
Strong and weak ties
, 113
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
, 190–191
Sunrise Movement
, 145
Surveillance, surveillance capitalism, and surveillance society
, 93–94
Sustainability
, 3–4, 35, 153, 183–184
Sustainability Solutions Group (SSG)
, 148, 202
Sustainable development
, 145–146
Sustainable Economies Law Center (SELC)
, 92–93, 185
TaskRabbit
, 93–94
Tazebaez (TZBZ)
, 174
Teams, self-directed or semi-autonomous
, 66–67
Teleological ethics/consequentialism
, 58
There is no alternative (TINA)
, 84
Third-tier cooperatives
, 17
Tiimi Akatemia
, 176
Time, perspectives on
, 84
Tomoiku
, 199
Tourne-Sol cooperative farm
, 133
Trade
Alternative Trade Organizations/Networks
, 5, 106, 205
Fair Trade
, 95
Free Trade
, 168
TRADOC
, 66–67
Training (See also Education)
, 23
Transition Town movement
, 28
Triple Bottom Line
, 159
Trust, on multiple societal levels
, 120–121
Uber, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs), 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized), 22, 52
Union assistance, 55
Union worker co-ops, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union), 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC), 182
Utopian communities, 80
Values-based bonds, 110–111
Values-driven organizations, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change), 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC), 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities, 123
Voluntary and open membership, 23
Voluntary servitude, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Uber
, 93–95
Ubuntu
, 16
UN Social Development Goals (SDGs)
, 161, 183–184
Unicorn Grocery
, 67, 125–126, 133–134, 138–139
Unions, labor (see also Labor, organized)
, 22, 52
Union assistance
, 55
Union worker co-ops
, 17, 56–57
United Electrical union (UE union)
, 53
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
, 37
University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives
, 47–48, 199
Urban Growers Collective
, 134–135
URSSA S. Cooperativa
, 78
US Federation of Worker Cooperatives (USFWC)
, 182
Utopian communities
, 80
Values-based bonds
, 110–111
Values-driven organizations
, 46, 152
Values change (see also Social reproduction and change)
, 26–28
Vermont Employee Ownership Center (VEOC)
, 49–50, 95
Vermont Real Estate Co-op
, 95
Via Campesina, la
, 131
Virtual communities
, 123
Voluntary and open membership
, 23
Voluntary servitude
, 193–194
War, 121
Wealth inequalities, 45
White privilege and supremacy, 47
Wikimedia Commons website, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC), 189
Dare to Co-op Academy, 189
Work, 6–8, 109–110
meaning, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design, 63–67
types and levels of participation at, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC), 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition, 87–99
democracy, 50–57
networks, 31–33
origins and range of, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace), 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs), 17
Working people, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
War
, 121
Wealth inequalities
, 45
White privilege and supremacy
, 47
Wikimedia Commons website
, 70–71
Worcester Youth Cooperatives (WYC)
, 189
Dare to Co-op Academy
, 189
Work
, 6–8, 109–110
meaning
, 9–10
maximizing participation at work by design
, 63–67
types and levels of participation at
, 41
Worker cooperatives (WC)
, 21, 35, 37–38, 48, 75–76, 89, 91, 141, 192, 205
and competition
, 87–99
democracy
, 50–57
networks
, 31–33
origins and range of
, 15–22
Worker recuperated enterprises/Empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (see also Cooperatives, conversions; Cooperatives, work and workplace)
, 53
Worker-shareholder cooperatives (WSCs)
, 17
Working people
, 10, 21, 103
Xerox PARC design
, 76
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL), 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement, 39, 113
Yomol A´tel
, 128, 203
Young Negroes’ Cooperative League (YNCL)
, 190
Zanon/FaSinPat
, 200
Zapatista movement
, 39, 113