Index
Igor Calzada
(Cardiff University, UK)
Emerging Digital Citizenship Regimes
ISBN: 978-1-80382-332-4, eISBN: 978-1-80382-331-7
Publication date: 25 May 2022
This content is currently only available as a PDF
Citation
Calzada, I. (2022), "Index", Emerging Digital Citizenship Regimes, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 189-196. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80382-331-720221007
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2022 Igor Calzada. Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited
INDEX
Access
, 145–146
control technologies
, 144
Advancing recent literature on citizenship
, 4–5
Age of digitisation
, 137
AirBnB
, 25
Algocracy
, 59–60
Algorithmic citizenship
, 4–5, 39, 59, 68, 71–72, 77, 177–179
contemporary technopolitical dynamics of
, 74
regime
, 75–77
Algorithmic coding
, 75
Algorithmic Justice League
, 143–144
Algorithmic nation
, 4–5, 84–85
Algorithmic Nationhood
, 106–107
Algorithmic nations
, 2, 5, 7, 15, 31–32, 100–101, 132, 137, 176–179
case of NI
, 103–105
critical awareness
, 110–111
cross-bordering
, 109–110
digital activism
, 111–112
and digital citizenship nexus
, 106–113
NI towards algorithmic nation
, 113–117
post-pandemic
, 112–113
Algorithmic regimes
, 61–62
Algorithmic surveillance
, 59–60
Algorithmic transparency
, 29
Alternative Informatics Association
, 143–144
Amazon
, 24–26
Amazon Web Services (AWS)
, 152–153
Amsterdam, technopolitical dynamics in
, 77–79
Aragon (blockchain-based platforms)
, 175
Articulating artificial intelligence (AI)
, 100
Artificial intelligence (AI)
, 25–26, 33, 59–60, 79, 111–112, 134, 138–140, 152–153
nationalism
, 77
AsFabrik project
, 84–85
Augmented reality
, 140
Barcelona
in Catalonia
, 146–150
city-regional dynamics in
, 82–85
Barcelonam, technopolitical dynamics in
, 77–79
Basque Country, city-regional dynamics in
, 82–85
Belfast Agreement
, 101, 103
Benchmarking city-regions
, 39
Big Data
, 59–60, 79, 138–140, 152–153
deterministic ideology
, 60–61
Big Tech firms
, 169
driven liquid citizenship
, 76–77
of surveillance capitalism
, 6–7, 24–25, 70
Big Tech GAFAM firm
, 25
Bilbao, city-regional dynamics in
, 82–85
Bio-political vulnerabilities
, 58
Biometric technologies
, 71–72
Biopolitics
, 133
Biosurveillance
, 132
Birth-right citizenship (jus soli)
, 5, 60–61
Blockchain
, 62, 72, 106–107, 140
ledgers
, 75
nation-state rescaling through
, 172–176
technologies
, 38–39, 79, 100–101, 109–110, 138–139
Borderless e-Residency
, 74–75
Borderlessness
, 13–14
Brexit
, 62, 72
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
, 152–153
Cambridge Analytica scandal in UK
, 59–60
Cardiff case, city-regional dynamics in
, 79–82
Catalonia, city-regional dynamics in
, 82–85
Centre for Democracy and Technology
, 143–144
Chinese Social Credit Systems
, 180
Cisco
, 7
Cities’ Coalition for Digital Rights (CCDR)
, 9–10, 77, 141–142
Citizens
, 32
in cyberspace
, 77
digital rights
, 143–144
Citizenship
, 3, 14, 174
advancing recent literature on
, 4–5
cybernetic
, 179–180
Citizenship in Europe
, 39
‘City science’
, 7
City-regional dynamics
, 39
in Cardiff case
, 79–82
City-regional institutional assemblages
, 39–40
‘City-regions’
, 38–39
Civic nationalism
, 82, 103–104, 114
Civil liberties
, 145
Civil society organisations
, 145
‘Cloud’ communities
, 4–5
Co-operatives
data
, 69, 152–154, 156, 183–184
platform
, 69, 153
Commodities, digital citizenship regimes as
, 184–185
Community-driven analysis
, 179
Competitive regionalism
, 31–32
Contact-tracing applications
, 3, 71–72
Contemporary multinational corporations
, 27–28
Contemporary public health surveillance technologies
, 133–134
Contemporary technopolitical dynamics of algorithmic citizenship
, 74
Contemporary urban spaces
, 11
Control and surveillance
, 180–182
COVID-19
, 2–3, 15, 58, 62, 83, 132
Cozy Cloud
, 184
Critical awareness
, 110–111
Cross-border citizenship
, 109–110
Cross-bordering
, 102, 109–110
Crypto-libertarians
, 174
Cyber-control
, 68
Cybernetic citizenship
, 179–180
Data activism, emancipatory
, 183–184
Data analytics
, 60–61
Data co-operatives
, 69, 152–154, 156, 183–184
Data colonialism
, 9
Data governance paradigms
, 33
Data oligopolies. See Data-opolistic
Data privacy
, 39–40
Data sovereignty
, 5
Data sovereignty
, 83–85, 137, 139, 183–184
Data-driven European economy
, 138–139
Data-driven technologies
, 140
Data-opolistic
, 68
Datafication
, 1–2, 33, 60–61, 106–107, 169–171, 173
‘Datafied citizenship’
, 4–5
Dataism
, 33, 59–62, 72, 138–139
in smart cities
, 180–182
Dataveillance
, 59–60
De-territorialised approach
, 103–104
Decentralisation through algorithm-based consensus
, 176
Decentralised borderless voluntary nation
, 174
Democracy
, 30, 154, 169
Democracy Earth (blockchain-based platforms)
, 175
Democratic accountability for digital citizenship
, 60–61
Democratic city-regional accountability
, 5
Democratic toolbox
, 132–156
digital rights’ taxonomies
, 147–149
post-pandemic challenges
, 137–139
post-pandemic context
, 132–137
post-pandemic grassroots innovation
, 152–156
post-pandemic mobilisation
, 139–152
Democratic well-being
, 169
Devolution
, 38–39, 62, 72, 106–107
Digital activism
, 111–112
Digital age
, 1–2
Digital citizens
, 104–107, 170
Digital citizenship
, 4, 34, 59, 61–62, 136, 170, 172
advancing recent literature on citizenship
, 4–5
algorithmic nation and
, 106–113
borderlessness and pandemic citizenship
, 13–14
exploring digital citizenships towards technopolitical dynamics
, 11–13
five intertwined ideal types of
, 35
forthcoming emerging (digital) citizenship regimes as commodities
, 184–185
future research and policy avenues in postpandemics
, 14–16
regimes
, 1–2, 40
rescaling nation-states
, 5–7
beyond smart cities
, 7–11
in smart cities
, 181–182
urban-digital citizenship nexus
, 4
Digital constitutionalism
, 178, 182
Digital contact tracing apps
, 180–181
Digital divide
, 4, 10–11, 182
‘Digital era governance’
, 171
Digital foundational statements of PCSC programme
, 76
Digital Freedom and Rights Association
, 143–144
‘Digital governance’
, 171
Digital ID
, 172–173
Digital identity
, 75
Digital inclusion
, 83–84, 146, 150
Digital panopticon
, 59–60
Digital realm
, 4
Digital renaissance
, 59–60
Digital rights
, 139, 144, 152, 183–184
management
, 144
Digital Rights Watch
, 143–144
Digital risks
, 58
Digital studies
, 61, 85, 180
Digital transformations
, 134
Digital twins
, 140
‘Digital-urban citizenship’
, 3, 14
Digitalisation
, 171
Digitalization
, 1–2
Digitisation
, 3, 137
DP3T protocol
, 181
e-democracy
, 68
e-Estonia
, 74–75, 175–176, 184
‘E-government’
, 171
e-Residency policy framework
, 58–59, 136
E-residents
, 175–176
Economic Crisis (2008)
, 184
Economisation
, 184–185
Electronic Frontier Foundation
, 143–144
Emancipatory data activism
, 183–184
Emerging digital citizenship regimes
, 59–62
Emerging globalised digital citizenship regime
, 62–85
algorithmic citizenship
, 72–77
liquid citizenship
, 77–79
metropolitan citizenship
, 79–82
stateless citizenship
, 82–85
Estonia
, 109–110
Ethnic nationalism
, 26, 39, 109–110
Ethnicist nationalism
, 27–28
European citizenship
, 39
European Commission
, 41
European Convention on Human Rights
, 103
European data-driven economy
, 79
European digital constitutionalism
, 178
European digital context
, 33
European Digital Rights
, 143–144
European Union (EU)
, 39, 102, 172
Expression
, 145–146
Extending Telecare
, 78
Facebook/Metaverse
, 6–7, 24–25, 70, 77, 172–173
Facial recognition
, 60–61
Fixed spatial boundaries
, 30–31
Foucaldian biopolitical view
, 133
Foundational economy paradigm
, 81
Free Software Foundation
, 143–144
Frontier technologies
, 134
Future research of postpandemic technopolitical democracies
, 169–170
algorithmic citizenship/algorithmic nations
, 177–179
control and surveillance
, 180–182
cybernetics
, 179–180
digital citizenship
, 170–172
emancipatory data activism
, 183–184
forthcoming emerging (digital) citizenship regimes as commodities
, 184–185
nation-state rescaling through blockchain
, 172–176
platform urbanisation
, 182–183
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
, 33, 60–61, 132
Geo-algorithmics
, 39
Geo-biologics
, 39
Geo-democratics
, 39
Geo-economics
, 39
Geo-technologics
, 39
Geopolitics
, 137
Glasgow
city-regional dynamics in
, 82–85
in Scotland
, 150–151
‘Global citizenship’
, 13–14
Global North
, 9
Global politics
, 24–25
Global South
, 9
Globalised citizens
, 174
Golden visas
, 184
Good Friday Agreement (GFA)
, 31–32
Google, Amazon, Facebook/Metaverse, Apple and Microsoft (GAFAM)
, 24–25, 27–28, 137, 153, 169, 175, 178–179, 182
Google
, 6–7, 24–25, 70, 77
Group homogenisation
, 29–30
IBM
, 7
Immigrant Investor Programmes (IIPs)
, 184–185
Independence
, 58–59
of cyberspace
, 143
right to decide on
, 83
Individual biometric profiling
, 60–61
Information and communication technologies (ICTs)
, 29–30, 139–140
Innovation
, 145–146
Inter-disciplinary approach
, 16
Inter-regional inequality
, 31–32
Internet
, 152–153
internet-enabled algorithms
, 111–112
Internet of Things (IoT)
, 152–153
Internet Security Research Group
, 143–144
Ireland, cross-border citizenship in
, 115
Irrational pandemic denial movements
, 27–28
Key performance indicators (KPIs)
, 8
LinkedIn
, 172–173
LinkedIn platform
, 25
Liquefying
, 29–30
Liquid citizenship
, 39, 59, 68, 71, 77, 79
Liquid regimes
, 61–62
Literacy
, 39–40
Localism Act
, 100
Machine learning
, 79, 138–139
Marshallian citizenship
, 170
Metropolitan citizenship
, 39, 59, 68, 71, 79, 82
Metropolitan regimes
, 61–62
Metropolitanisation
, 106–107
Metropolitanisation of Nation-States
, 38
MiData
, 184
Misinformation
, 32–33, 58
Modern citizenship
, 170
Nation
, 23–24
Nation-state in urban development
, 85
Nation-state rescaling
, 75, 171–172
through blockchain
, 172–176
‘Nation-States’ Borders
, 34
‘National economy’
, 30–31
‘Nationally bounded membership’
, 12
Netherlands, technopolitical dynamics in
, 77–79
‘Netizens’
, 112
Network effects
, 25–26
New York City (NYC)
, 9–10, 141–142
Non-exclusive list of rescaling phenomena
, 35–38
Northern Ireland (NI)
, 100
towards algorithmic nation
, 113–117
case of
, 103–105
Civic Forum
, 101–102
Northern Ireland Protocol (NIP)
, 31–32, 102
‘Northern Irish’
, 103–104
Open Rights Group
, 143–144
Openness
, 145–146
Overall Democratic city-regional accountability (jus algoritmi)
, 29, 61, 177
Ownership
, 39–40
Pandemic citizenship
, 2–3, 5, 7, 13–15, 39, 59, 61–62, 68–69, 71–72, 85
regime
, 78
Pandemic crisis
, 58
Participatory notion of citizenship
, 11–12
Peace of Westphalia
, 24–25, 27
Peer-to-peer repositories (p2p repositories)
, 9
People-Centered Smart Cities (PCSC)
, 6, 8–10, 33, 112, 141, 143
‘People-centred’ discourse
, 27–28
Pirate Parties International
, 143–144
Platform agnostic
, 112
Platform co-operatives
, 69, 153
‘Platform extractivism’
, 3
Platform urbanisation
, 182–183
Pluralism
, 31
Policy avenues of postpandemic technopolitical democracies
, 169–170
algorithmic citizenship/algorithmic nations
, 177–179
control and surveillance
, 180–182
cybernetics
, 179–180
digital citizenship
, 170–172
emancipatory data activism
, 183–184
forthcoming emerging (digital) citizenship regimes as commodities
, 184–185
nation-state rescaling through blockchain
, 172–176
platform urbanisation
, 182–183
Political activism
, 111
Political geography
, 72–74
Political science
, 29–30
Populism
, 39
Pos-tpandemic technopolitical democracies
, 27–28, 132, 156, 169
democratic toolbox
, 132–156
trends, aftermaths, emancipations
, 156–158
Post-COVID-19
, 58
backdrop
, 60–61
biopolitical dynamics
, 5
crisis
, 71
rescaling European nation-states in
, 59–62
Post-pandemic
, 112–113
challenges
, 137–139
context
, 132–137
crisis
, 3
grassroots innovation
, 152–156
mobilisation
, 139–152
momentum in democracies
, 169
nation-states
, 32–33
Post-pandemic societies, long-tail effect of
, 169–170
‘Post-Westphalian’ era
, 24–26
Postpandemics, policy avenues in
, 14–16
Power of Geography, The
, 30–31
Privacy
, 145–146, 151–152
Proactive data activism
, 183
Programmatic machine learning
, 100
Project Kelvin
, 114–115
Radical Federalism
, 81
Randox Engineering
, 113, 116
Republic of Ireland (RoI)
, 103
Rescaling
, 28–31
European nation-states in post-Covid-19 realm
, 59–62
illustrative and non-exclusive list of rescaling phenomena
, 35–38
Nation-States
, 33–34
nation-states
, 34, 38
Right 2Know
, 143–144
Right of blood (jus sanguinis)
, 29
Right of soil (jus soli)
, 29
Right to decide
, 83, 106–107
‘Right to have digital rights’
, 145–146
Right-of-blood citizenship (jus sanguinis)
, 5, 60–61
Scotland, stateless citizenship in
, 82–85
Security
, 39–40
Sensors
, 152–153
Smart cities
, 6–7, 11, 139–140
dataism in
, 180–182
digital citizenship in
, 181–182
framework
, 100
initiatives
, 140
Smart City Citizenship
, 15, 146
Social activism
, 111
Social Credit Systems in China
, 60–61, 179–180
Social inequalities
, 150–151
Social innovation
, 29, 40–41, 85, 132
Social model of citizenship
, 170
Social networks
, 152–153
Soviet communism
, 132–133
Spain, liquid citizenship
, 77–79
State theory
, 4–5, 23–24, 27, 176
Stateless algorithmic nations
, 171–172
Stateless citizenship
, 39, 59, 68, 71, 82, 85
regimes
, 61–62
Statelessness phenomenon
, 23–24
Strategy 2020: Action Plan and Roadmap
, 146
Supremacy of nation-states
, 31
Surveillance
, 59–60
apps
, 181
control and
, 180–182
Surveillance capitalism
, 60–61
flagship firms of
, 77
Tallinn’s e-Residency policy framework
, 59
Taxonomy for emerging digital citizenship regimes
emerging digital citizenship regimes
, 59–62
emerging globalised digital citizenship regime
, 62–85
experimental remarks and future research avenues
, 85–86
Techno-euphoria
, 170–171
Technopolitical awareness of data
, 58–59
Technopolitical dynamics
, 11, 13, 77, 79
in Case of Tallinn
, 72–77
Technopolitics
, 2–3, 38–39, 68, 180, 182
Technological humanism
, 83–84
Technological sovereignty
, 29
Technology
, 7
Technology
, 139–140
Technopolitical biosurveillance
, 132
Technopolitical control
, 181
Transformations
, 31
Transparency
, 39–40
Transparency International
, 184
Treaty of Westphalia
, 23–24
‘Troubles, The’
, 101
UK, metropolitan citizenship in
, 79–82
UN-Habitat
, 8, 10
PCSC policy advocacy
, 141–142
United Nations (UN)
, 172
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
, 8, 172
United States (US)
, 60–61
Urban
, 62
realm
, 1–2
urban-digital citizenship nexus
, 4
Urbanisation, platform
, 182–183
Vaccine passports
, 71–72
Virtual nations
, 174–175
‘Virtual state’
, 171
Vulnerabilities
, 150–151
Wales, metropolitan citizenship in
, 79–82
‘Westphalian order’
, 27–28
World citizens
, 68–69
X-Road
, 75
Xnet
, 143–144
- Prelims
- 1 Introduction: Digital Citizenship Regimes in the Postpandemics
- 2 Digital Citizenship Regimes Rescaling Nation-States?
- 3 Taxonomy for Emerging Digital Citizenship Regimes
- 4 Algorithmic Nations: A Conceptual Assemblage for Postpandemic Technopolitical Democracies
- 5 Trends, Aftermaths, Emancipations
- 6 Future Research and Policy Avenues
- Index