Abu-Lughod, J.

, 4

Adriatic Region

, 5, 17–18, 20, 22, 27, 44, 50, 53, 56, 62–64, 67, 97, 103

Agnew, John

, 2

Agriculture. See also Common Agricultural Policy

, 28, 30, 37, 43, 55, 80

Albania

, 7, 41, 56, 75, 103

Alpine

, 20, 27, 36, 43, 50, 57, 67, 87

Alps

, 57

Anderson, B.

, 2, 15, 33

Appadurai, A.

, 9

Arctic

, 53

Ascherson, N.

, 60

Assemblages

, 8

Assembly of European Regions

, 45

Atlantic Arc

, 36, 43, 58–60

Atlantic

, 8, 11, 16, 20, 23, 27, 36, 42–43, 53, 62, 64, 87, 93–94

Austria

, 7, 11, 20, 31, 54–55, 67, 75–76, 79, 98

Austro-Hungarian Empire

, 14, 44

Azerbaijan

, 61, 69, 103

Balkan region

, 4, 15–16, 20, 23–24, 29, 52, 55, 77

Balkan wars

, 19

Baltic region

, 1, 6, 16–20, 24, 27, 31, 36, 42, 47–58, 60–61, 63, 65, 67, 70–72, 87, 92, 94–95, 101, 103

Baltic states

, 6, 17–18, 31, 53–54, 65, 67, 70–72, 80

Banal nationalism, transnationalism

, 22

Barca Report

, 45

Belgium

, 4, 6, 7, 25, 31, 36, 39–41, 45, 58–59, 77, 84, 91, 96

Benelux

, 6, 11, 18, 23, 32, 75, 79

Biebuyck, W.

, 2, 9

Bioregions

, 6

Bipolar way

, 15

Black Sea

, 11, 28, 32, 43–44, 49, 54, 58, 60–61, 63, 70, 76, 81

Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC)

, 60

Borders, border regions. See also Cross-border cooperation

, 3, 8, 9, 18, 20, 25, 27, 34, 36, 38, 48–49, 55, 83–84, 87, 91, 98, 103

Bosnia-Herzegovina

, 55–56, 67, 92

Braudel, F.

, 60

Brubaker, R.

, 2

Bulgaria

, 7, 17, 29, 31–32, 43, 52, 55, 61, 67, 94

Camus, A.

, 20, 62

Canada

, 32, 53, 102

Carpathia(n)

, 4, 37, 44, 55, 83–84, 94, 99

Castoriadis, C.

, 1

Catholicism

, 40

Central Europe

, 2, 11, 15–20, 26, 29–32, 38–40, 42, 72, 81, 95, 101

Channel Tunnel

, 28

China

, 4, 47, 69–74, 83, 88, 93, 101–102

Churchill, W.

, 23, 25

Civilizational constellations

, 16

Cloisonnement

, 8

Cohesion

, 5, 12–15, 33, 36, 45–49, 52, 58, 65–67, 85, 88, 95, 97–98, 104

concept of

, 5, 13, 33, 47–48, 95

Cold War

, 1, 16–17, 25, 30, 77

Colonialism

, 6, 30, 61–62

Common Agricultural Policy

, 13, 25

Communitarianism

, 18

Conference of Peripheral Maritime Regions (CPMR)

, 58–59

Cosmopolitanism

, 7, 25, 42, 46, 70, 78, 91

Council of Europe

, 19, 25, 78

Croatia

, 7, 19, 27, 29, 32, 52, 55–56, 79, 81, 94, 96

Cross-Border Cooperation programme

, 41, 49, 53, 55, 61, 65, 91

Czech Republic

, 7, 17, 19, 26, 55, 67, 78, 87, 93, 102

Cyprus

, 7, 16, 27, 40, 78, 89, 94

Dahrendorf, R.

, 9

Danube region

, 1, 3–6, 16, 14–20, 27, 32, 43–44, 49, 50–52, 54–56, 61, 63, 67, 94, 97–98, 103

De Gaulle, C.

, 6, 23, 34, 93, 102

Delanty, G.

, 2, 9, 16, 31, 92, 95

Denmark

, 13, 18, 25, 30, 32, 52–54, 58, 62, 67, 87

Depoliticisation

, 85

Deutsch, K.

, 8

Discursive institutionalism

, 10, 51

Engels, F.

, 11

Enlargement (of EU)

, 16, 25, 27–28, 31–32, 45, 52, 54–56, 62, 66, 72, 87

Environment

, 51, 57

Estonia

, 7, 31–32, 53, 67, 80, 103

Etacratism

, 72

Eurasia

, 4, 11, 16, 26, 69–74

Eurasian Economic Union

, 71

Eurasianism

, 70

Eurobarometer

, 14, 27, 33, 38–39, 77, 101

European catch-up index

, 7

European Convention On Human Rights

, 10

‘European dynamic’

, 27

Europeanisation

, 2, 5, 6, 18, 24–25, 90

European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI)

, 49, 61

European Parliament

, 3, 4, 52, 59, 61, 63, 86, 94

European regional development fund (ERDF)

, 45, 63

European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF)

, 65

European Structural Investment (ESI)

, 65

Euroregion

, 35, 36, 40, 83–84, 98

Eurosociology

, 9

Eurostars

, 78

EU Strategy for the Alpine Region (EUSALP)

, 57

EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR)

, 52, 53

Evers, D.

, 5, 90

Faber, K.-G.

, 15

Federal state

, 5, 85–86, 98

Finland

, 3, 5, 18, 32, 52–53, 67, 75, 80, 92

Foster, R.

, 2, 22, 26–27

Foucault, M.

, 12, 34

France

, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11, 15, 20, 23–25, 28–36, 40–44, 57–59, 61–64, 75–79, 86, 90–91, 94–96, 100

Gamble, A.

, 7, 93

Gaullist

, 73

Genocide Museum

, 81

Geographical determinism

, 14

Geopolitics

, 16, 31, 41, 49, 57, 63, 70, 72, 92

Georgakakis, D.

, 9

Germany

, 3–7, 11, 17–18, 21, 24–25, 28–29, 31–32, 35–42, 44, 47, 52–53, 55, 57–60, 63–64, 67, 69–71, 74, 76–79, 83–84, 87, 89–94, 102–103

as national state

, 1, 53, 70, 91, 98

East

, 5, 42, 75, 83, 90

regions in

, 3, 4, 14, 15, 25, 29, 35, 41, 57, 93

Global

, 3, 12, 20, 42, 45, 47–48, 71, 87–88, 90, 94–95

Global cities

, 42

Globalisation

, 12

Gottmann, J.

, 8, 91, 97

Greece

, 5, 7, 16, 25, 27–28, 30, 41, 48, 56, 61–62, 66–67, 77–78, 89, 97, 104

Hallstein, W.

, 13

Hann, C.

, 69, 84, 103

Heidenreich, M. and Wunder, C.

, 12, 77

Hroch, M.

, 30

Hungary, Hungarian

, 7, 14, 17, 19, 26, 29, 31, 38, 42, 44, 48, 55–56, 67, 76–77, 81, 83–84, 88

Iberia

, 16, 18, 37, 48, 77

Iceland

, 4, 53, 92, 96, 99

Imagined communities

, 1, 15, 20, 28, 33

Insularity

, 42

Integration

, 5–7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, 25–26, 28, 32, 51, 63, 65, 69–74, 77, 83, 87, 89, 99, 102

International Commission for the protection of the Alps (CIPRA)

, 57

International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR)

, 55

Internationalisation

, 54

Interreg programme

, 18, 50

Ionian Region

, 6, 27, 50, 63–64, 67, 97, 103

Islam

, 16–18

‘Islands’

, 58, 77

Jacquot, S. and Woll, C.

, 9

Kazakhstan

, 69–71, 102

KOBRA

, 55–56

Koselleck, R.

, 15

Kosovo

, 19, 40, 56

Kundera, M.

, 17, 30

Latvia

, 7, 43, 48, 52, 67, 96

Lefebvre, H.

, 12

Lisbon Treaty

, 13, 47, 52

Lithuania

, 7, 26, 40, 52–53, 67, 81

Luxembourg

, 6, 25, 36, 41

Lviv

, 80–81

Macedonia

, 19, 56, 72, 103

Mackinder, H.

, 8, 70, 92

macro-region

, 4, 5, 12, 15–21, 27–28, 31, 36–37, 40, 42, 44, 47–54, 56–60, 63–67, 69, 72, 78, 86, 97–98, 101

Malta

, 7, 40, 62, 64, 77

Mandel, E.

, 12, 91

‘Marchlands’

, 16

Mediterranean

, 8, 11, 16, 19, 20, 27, 36, 43, 49–51, 53, 56, 58, 60–66, 78–79, 93

Mental maps

, 1, 28, 75

‘Mesoregion’

, 15, 18

Methodological nationalism

, 3, 6

Migrantion

, 36, 50, 52, 61, 64, 75–77

Mishkova, D.

, 16, 18, 29, 92

Mitterrand, F.

, 28, 94

Moldova

, 16, 19, 55, 67, 72

Montenegro

, 7, 55–56, 67, 81

Montesquieu

, 14

Multi-level governance

, 5, 7, 36, 45, 47, 51–53, 66, 68, 90

Nationalism

, 2, 3, 6, 8, 22, 25, 40

Natural frontiers

, 3

Neo-institutional approach

, 10

Netherlands

, 6, 25, 28, 31, 34–35, 40, 42–43, 57–59, 75, 77, 84

Newhaven

, 8

New Public Management

, 88

New regionalism

, 6

New Silk Road

, 73, 83, 102

Nicolaïdis, K.

, 88

Norden, Nordic Europe

, 7, 11, 18, 23, 29, 31–32, 43, 53–54, 59, 75, 77–78, 80, 85, 92–94, 101

North Africa

, 62, 64

North Sea

, 57–59

Norway

, 11, 18, 20, 25, 27, 52–53, 57–59, 76, 79, 92, 96, 99–100

Olympic circles

, 20

Ottoman

, 5, 29, 62, 100

Palestine

, 18, 62–64

PHILOXENIA

, 79

Piattoni, S.

, 51

Pleşu, A.

, 5

Poland

, 7, 14, 17, 19, 28–29, 31, 40, 43, 48, 52–53, 55, 67, 77, 80–81, 84, 88, 102–103

Policy-relevant region

, 19

Polity

, 46

Portugal

, 5, 20, 26, 30, 40–41, 58, 62, 64, 76–77, 89, 96–97

Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spain (PIGS)

, 41

Pyrenees

, 3, 37, 43

Ratzel, F.

, 11, 15, 42, 91

Region, concept of

, 1–4, 7, 8, 12, 15, 18, 20–21, 34, 36, 41, 50, 57, 69, 91

Regions

, 37–40

Region state

, 47

Religious

, 21, 37, 40–41, 70, 94, 96, 100

Rhine

, 3, 5, 21, 27, 51, 53, 55, 97

Roman Empire

, 17, 24, 28–29, 32, 61–62

Romania

, 7, 14, 17, 29, 31–32, 40, 43–44, 52, 55, 61, 72, 76–77, 84, 94, 99–100

Rumford, C.

, 2, 14, 47

Religious

, 37–44

Russia

, 11, 17–20, 24, 26, 28–29, 31–32, 37, 49, 52–54, 60–61, 64–65, 69–74, 78, 80, 92, 98, 101–102

Sardinia

, 2, 54

Sayer, A.

, 2

Schengen

, 18, 27, 84, 94

Schlögel, K.

, 11, 15

Schmidt, V.

, 10, 86

Scotland

, 3-5, 13, 28, 39, 99

Serbia

, 7, 29, 55–56, 67, 76

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)

, 71–72, 102

Silk Road. See also New Silk Road

, 69, 83

Simmel, G.

, 9, 91

Single European Act

, 13, 48

Single Market

, 13, 48, 85

Slovakia

, 7, 19, 26, 29, 31, 44, 55, 67, 78, 84

Slovenia

, 7, 11, 19–20, 22, 27, 29, 31, 44, 55–56, 67, 72, 75, 79, 98

Soja, E.

, 11, 91

Solidarity

, 12, 33, 41, 48, 77

Sombart, W.

, 62

Southern Neighbourhood

, 64

Sovereignty

, 7, 49, 54, 56, 72

Space, spatial

, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14–16, 21, 26, 32, 34–36, 42, 48–49, 57, 67, 70, 73, 77–78, 87–88, 90–91, 93, 102

Spatial planning

, 5, 14, 34, 49, 87

Spatial positioning

, 4

State

, 1, 2, 4, 6, 21–22, 27, 30, 33, 46–47, 72, 77, 88

Statism. See also Etacratism

, 72

Subsidiarity. See also Multi-level governance

, 5, 79

Superregions

, 11

Sweden

, 3, 5, 18, 25, 32, 52–54, 58, 62, 67, 75, 79, 94

Switzerland, Swiss

, 3, 20, 22, 25–27, 31, 37, 39–40, 44, 50, 57, 75–77, 79, 92, 96, 98–99

TEN-T programme

, 52

Territorial dashboard

, 27

Territorial impact assessments

, 6

Thames Gateway

, 21

Tourism

, 11, 52–53, 78–81

Transboundary regions. See also Borders

, 21

Transnational contact

, 78

Transnational planning. See also Spatial planing

, 6

Transylvania

, 36, 76

Troebst, S.

, 11, 100

Turkey

, 5, 7, 11, 16, 19, 23, 27, 52, 54, 56, 60–61, 69, 78, 84, 103

UK

, 7, 11, 13, 16, 23, 25–28, 42–43, 49–50, 53, 57–60, 62, 71, 76–78, 89, 93–94, 97, 102, 104

after Brexit

, 10, 50, 59, 84

regions in

, 3, 21, 45

London in

, 42, 78

Ukraine

, 8, 16, 17, 19, 29, 55, 60–61, 64, 67, 71–72, 76–77, 80–81, 83–84, 100–101, 103

United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

, 11, 78–79

Urals

, 23, 37, 63, 69

Vidal de la Blache, P.

, 15

Visegrád Group

, 17, 20

Vobruba, G.

, 27

Werner Report

, 13

Williams, R.H.

, 4, 94

‘World-polity’ approach

, 45

World War I

, 54, 62, 70, 88

World War II

, 3, 15, 18, 19, 23–24, 55, 70

Yugoslavia

, 7, 19, 44, 55, 77, 81