Index

Bev Orton (University of Hull, UK)

Women, Activism and Apartheid South Africa: Using Play Texts to Document the Herstory of South Africa

ISBN: 978-1-78754-526-7, eISBN: 978-1-78754-525-0

Publication date: 15 November 2018

This content is currently only available as a PDF

Citation

Orton, B. (2018), "Index", Women, Activism and Apartheid South Africa: Using Play Texts to Document the Herstory of South Africa, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 205-211. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78754-525-020181010

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2018 Bev Orton


INDEX

Note: Page numbers followed by “n” with numbers indicate footnotes.

Abandonment
, 122–123

African Claims (1943)
, 17

African funeral rituals
, 165

African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME)
, 18

African National Congress (ANC)
, 5–6, 15–17, 30, 32, 88, 93, 144

ANC/UDF
, 44

camps
, 84

Youth League
, 65n24

African patriarchy
, 117, 134

African women
, 2, 157

Afrikaans
, 79, 80

SABCTV2
, 146

as second language for the Bantu
, 35

Afrikaner Nationalism
, 24–25

Alexandra Township
, 120

Amakhosi
, 133

ANC Women’s League (ANCWL)
, 15, 25–26, 30, 43

Andrew McCord (AM)
, 37

Animal hide
, 31

Apartheid
, 10, 74, 75, 107

ideology
, 24

policies
, 83

principles
, 95

Apartheid South Africa
, 91

Arena Theatre
, 47

Assassination squads
, 40–41

Azanian Student Organisation
, 37

Bantu
, 25, 35

Bantu Education
, 27, 78, 81, 173

Bantu Education Act (1953)
, 35

Bantu Women’s League
, 19

Bantustans
, 25, 26, 116

Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto
, 40

Battle of Blood River
, 8

Baxter Studio Theatre
, 47

Beauty
, 124

Black
, 1n1

graduates of mission schools
, 18

prisoners
, 85

spots
, 25n7

theatre
, 89, 162

Black (or Natives) Land Act
, 20–22

Black African women
, 53

Black Christmas
, 88

Black Conscious Movement
, 163

Black Consciousness
, 37, 38

Black Consciousness Movement (BCM)
, 26, 37–39, 41–42, 93, 109

discourse
, 39

Black Power Movement
, 39

Black Sash
, 58

Black South African
, 1n1

Black South African Women: An Anthology of Plays (Perkins)
, 3

Black-on-black policing
, 88

Black-on-black violence
, 88

Blacks (Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents) Act (1952)
, 15

Blacks (Urban Areas) Consolidation Act
, 26

Boeren Bond (Keyter from Orange Free State)
, 20, 21, 35

Bold and The Beautiful, The
, 140, 144, 146–150

Born in the RSA (Simon)
, 2, 4, 7, 11, 91, 92, 160

characters
, 94–96

Glen
, 96–98

knowledge of personal details
, 102–103

living newspaper
, 93–94

Mia
, 103–104

realisation
, 106–107

Susan
, 98–100

Thenjiwe and Susan in detention
, 100–102

Women’s Voices
, 107–109

Zaccariah
, 104–106

Bourdieu’s concept of symbolic violence
, 70

Bourdieusian analysis
, 70

Breadline’ problems
, 161

Brecht’s realisation
, 70

Broederbond
, (see Boeren Bond (Keyter from Orange Free State))

Broken Dreams (Rozani)
, 169

Buthlezi, Gatsha
, 38

Campaigns
, 27–28

Cape Town
, 19, 40, 50, 60

Case studies
, 9–10

Casspirs
, 65

Centre for African Affairs
, 20

Chanti
, 132–133

Characters
, 94–96

Chattanooga Sisters
, 151

Chicago Festival
, 92

Christian nationalism
, 173

Chronic violation of dignity
, 87

Cock’s research
, 31

Coloured person
, 25

Communists
, 40

Community Arts Centre
, 50

Community Arts Project (CAP)
, 41, 48, 50

Comrades
, 154

Concscienstisation
, 37

Congress Alliance
, 16

Congress of South African Students
, 37

Congress of the People
, 27

Connotations
, 13

Consciousness raising
, 62–66, 91

Constitution Hill in Hillbrow
, 84

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa
, 16

D40
, 40–41

Dancer, The (Poem)
, 116

Dee
, 153

Defence Amendment Act (1961)
, 33

Defence Force
, 40

Dehumanising social system
, 42

Department of Justice
, 33, 34

Detention
, 85–88

Thenjiwe and Susan in
, 100–102

Dialogue
, 13

Die volksmoeder
, 100

Diepkoof Prison
, 102

Discourse
, 76

Discrimination
, 167–168

Disequilibrated social system
, 91

Disidentification
, 119

Domestic servants
, 31

Domestic workers
, 55–59, 175–176

inferiority
, 57, 58

Domestic Workers Project, Association and Union
, 58n13

Double patriarchy
, 138

Dramatisation of Zulu oral narratives
, 17

Dutch Reformed Church
, 20

Dynamic herstory of South Africa
, 15

Afrikaner Nationalism
, 24–25

ANC
, 16–17

ANCWL
, 25–26

BCM
, 37–39

Black (or Natives) Land Act
, 20–22

campaigns
, 27–28

FEDSAW
, 27, 30–31

march against passes
, 28–29

Maxeke, Charlotte
, 18–20

missionaries
, 17–18

multiracial society
, 30–31

Native Amendment Act (1953)
, 26–27

Natives Urban Act (1923)
, 22–24

in 1980s
, 39–41

in 1990s
, 42–45

political events (1970–1993)
, 35–36

Republic of South Africa
, 34

Sharpeville and State of Emergency
, 31–33

students and Soweto Riots
, 36–37

theatre
, 37–39

theatre groups
, 41–42

Edinburgh festival
, 92

Educated black elite
, 18

Education
, 77–81, 173–174

lack of
, 113–114

Emotional abuse
, 176

Empowerment
, 62–66

Ending women’s oppression
, 169, 170

English SABCTV1
, 146

Equality Act
, 172

Equity ban (1963)
, 32

Evangelisation process
, 17

Family Institute
, 154

Federation of Black Arts
, 41

Federation of South African Women (FEDSAW)
, 3, 10, 27, 30–31, 34, 44, 53

Female migrant workers
, 26

Feminist lens
, 7–9

Feminist Review
, 162

First National Conference of Women
, 27

First South African, The
, 6, 70

First-hand knowledge
, 54

Fourth Annual Women’s Parliament Conference
, 170

Freedom Charter (1955)
, 16

Freire’s ideas
, 37

FSAW (see Federation of South African Women (FEDSAW))

Funerals
, 165–166

Gender-based violence
, 84–85, 101

General laws Amendment Act
, 28, 34

Gertrude Shope of ANCWL
, 30

Glass House (Dike)
, 2, 4, 7, 11, 69, 71, 85, 142, 160

detention
, 85–88

education
, 77–81

gender-based violence
, 84–85

inequality
, 74–77

narratives reflecting pain
, 88–90

political activism
, 69–72

synopsis
, 72–74

trauma
, 81–83

Gobodo-Madikizela
, 74, 83

Gogo
, 127–128

suitcase
, 133–134

Grahamstown Festival
, 47

Group Areas Act (1950)
, 15, 25, 27

Hamba kahle Vuyelwa
, 126

Hardships
, 50–51

Have You Seen Zandile? (Mhlophe)
, 2, 4, 7, 10, 11, 70, 111, 160

abandonment
, 122–123

autobiographical play
, 116–117

different play
, 134–135

Gogo
, 127–128, 133–134

Lulama
, 117–120

physical characteristics
, 123–127

politics of visibility
, 135

praise poem
, 133

relationship with mother
, 115–116

sexuality
, 131–133

small play
, 113–115

space for personal stories
, 120–122

White Car
, 127

Zandile’s future
, 128–130

Helicopters
, 62

‘Herstoricisation’ of women’s lives
, 70

Herstory
, 1–2

of African women
, 167

of African women
, 2

Hlatshwayo
, 134

Homelands
, 25

Homophobic violence
, 172

Hostels
, 59–62

Imbeleko, ritual of
, 126

Imbokodo
, 161

Imfuduso,
, 165

Immorality Act
, 163n2

Immorality Amendment Act (1957)
, 76

Impalahoek Primary School
, 173

Impimpis
, 88

Industrial Conciliation Act (1924)
, 50n3

Inequality
, 74–77

Influx control
, 22–24, 26

Influx laws
, 25n6

Informers
, 88

Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP)
, 44

members
, 144

Intelligence
, 124

Inter-racial relationships
, 162–163

Interdisciplinary approach
, 4, 7

Intersectional experiences of poverty
, 113–114

Intersectional traumatization
, 82

Intersectionality
, 154–155

John Vorster Square
, 102

Kierries
, 29

Kwa-Landlady
, 163

La Mama Off Broadway in New York
, 72

Labour Relations Act (1981)
, 31

Langa High School
, 81

Last Bus, The
, 163

Lincoln Center New York
, 92

Living newspaper
, 93–94

Lulama
, 114, 117–120, 130

Madams
, 55–59

MAKABONGWE AMAKOSIKAZI (Red banner)
, 30

Mambhele
, 48, 49, 52–54, 56, 57, 64

Mamlambo
, 133

Mampompo
, 48, 49, 52–54, 56, 64

Mandela, Nelson
, 16, 28, 42

far-reaching political reforms and release
, 39

tribute to women
, 43

Mandela, Winnie
, 43, 71, 158–159

Market Theatre (1985)
, 47, 92, 93, 111

Maxeke, Charlotte (Mother of Black Freedom in South Africa)
, 3, 10, 15, 18–20

Mayor of Bloemfontein
, 19

Medieval morality plays
, 17

Mercedes
, 150–154

Mhlophe, Gcina
, 8, 12, 70, 95, 111, 112, 123, 130

Mhloti (Tears) Theatre Group
, 41

Mia
, 94, 103–104

Military training
, 33

Minister of Native Affairs
, 19

Mise-en-scene of autobiographical performativity
, 115

Missionaries
, 17–18

Mitzi E Newhouse in New York for Woza Afrika Festival
, 92

Moffat Commission
, 20

Mongane Wally Serote (MWS)
, 37

Multiracial society
, 30–31

National Coalition for Women’s Rights
, 44

National Party
, 15

National Union of South African Students (NUSAS)
, 38, 97

National Women’s Coalition (NWC)
, 44n16

Nationalist Party
, 26, 34

Native (Urban Areas) Act of 1923
, 141

Native Affairs Act (NAA)
, 22–23

Native Affairs Commission
, 22–23

Native Amendment Act (1953)
, 26–27

Native Education
, 79

Native Laws Amendment Act (1937)
, 23

Native Laws Amendment Act (1952)
, 26

Natives Land Act (1913)
, 15

Natives Land Bill
, 20–21

Natives Resettlement Act (1954)
, 25n6

Natives Urban Act (1923)
, 22–24

Negative connotations
, 133

Negro college in Cleveland
, 18

Non-consensual sex
, 101

Nonconsensual pain
, 101

Nyanga Arts Centre
, 41

Olive Tree
, 169

Omtonjane
, 132

Orlando High School
, 80

Overcrowded cells
, 104

Pain
, 158

narratives reflecting
, 88–90

Pan Africanist Congress (PAC)
, 17

Parris-Bailey (Carpetbag Theatre member)
, 114

Patriarchy
, 113–114

in post-apartheid South Africa
, 170

Personal stories, space for
, 120–122

Phefeni Junior Secondary school in Orlando West
, 36

Physical violence
, 100

Play texts
, 2, 3, 5–7, 9, 142

Playwrights
, 168

Playwriting
, 1

Police Amendment Act (1961)
, 33

Policy documents
, 17

Political

activism
, 69–72

change in South Africa
, 1

conscientiousness
, 72

detention in South Africa
, 106

events (1970–1993)
, 35–36

resistance
, 84

turbulence
, 39

violence
, 2, 92

widowhood
, 166

widows
, 165n3

Political Widowhood in South Africa
, 166

Politics
, 157

of visibility
, 135

Polygamy
, 129, 175

Population Registration Act (1950)
, 24

Poqo
, 64n22

Poverty
, 174–175

Praise poem for Gogo
, 133

Prevention of illegal squatting (1951)
, 25n6

Prison warders
, 100

Project Barnacle
, 40–41

Psychological violence
, 100

Puberty
, 129

Public memory
, 160–162

Publications and Entertainment Act (1963)
, 13

Publications Control Board
, 13

Punishment
, 126–127

Racial groupings
, 25

Radical Congress Youth League
, 17

Rape
, 171

Raped in Detention/Rest in Peace (R. I. Pd)
, 176–177

Re-living/remembering of traumatic memory
, 69

Readings
, 11–13

Realisation
, 106–107

Republic of South Africa
, 16, 34

Reservation of Separate Amenities Act (1953)
, 15, 24, 34

Revolutionary violence in Fanon
, 70

Robben Island
, 63

Rubicon Speech
, 39, 40

Sabotage Act (1962)
, 34

Sacrifice of Kreli, The
, 6, 70, 90

Sally
, 148, 149

School-related gender-based violence
, 173

Sdudla
, 48, 49, 52–54, 62, 65

Secular English comedies
, 17

Segregation laws
, 20–22

Self-defence units (SDUs)
, 44

Sex workers
, 173

Sexual violence
, 169–173

Sexuality
, 131–133

Sharpeville Massacre (1960)
, 16, 32

Sharpeville police station
, 31–33

Shebeen Queens
, 140–142

Shebeens
, 49

Sibikwa Arts Centre
, 169

Sibikwa Community Arts Project
, 12

Silent strength
, 6, 15

Silinga, Annie
, 52

Simon’s method
, 92, 93, 162

Sindiswa
, 94

Single-sex hostels
, 61

Sisulu, Albertina
, 3, 10, 29, 85, 158

Sisulu, Elinor
, 29

Sisulu, Walter
, 29

Sjamboks
, 31, 40, 66, 71

Smarties
, 59–62

So What’s New? (Dike)
, 2, 4, 7, 11, 137, 160

The Bold and The Beautiful
, 146–150

context
, 142–146

Dee
, 150–153

intersectionality
, 154–155

Mercedes
, 150–154

Shebeen Queens
, 140–142

Social identities
, 151

Social inequality
, 9

Socialisation
, 154

Societal constraints
, 13

Soft political issues
, 6

Soliloquy
, 122

Sotho on channel SABCTV4
, 146

South African anti-apartheid struggle
, 6

South African apartheid regime
, 5

South African Broadcasting Company (SABC)
, 146

South African Constitution
, 167–169, 173

South African Defence Force (SADF)
, 62, 143

South African Human Rights Commission
, 172

South African Law Commission (1985)
, 171

South African Native National Congress (SANNC)
, 16, 19

South African Party
, 20

South African prison system
, 95

South African Students Organisation (SASO)
, 38

Soweto Riots (1976)
, 36–37, 90

Soweto Uprising (1976)
, 36

Space Theatre
, 89

Special Hearings on Women
, 158

Spirals Trust
, 168

State of Emergency
, 31–33, 40, 91

Storytelling
, 120, 121

Strikes
, 17

Structural constraints
, 13

Structural violence
, 71, 87

Subsistence farming
, 60

Suppression of the Communist Act
, 34

Susan (Activist)
, 94, 96, 98–100

in detention
, 100–102

Susulu, Albertina (political activist)
, 28

Suzman, Helen
, 15

Symbolic violence, Bourdieu’s concept of
, 70

Tembu, Busiswe
, 55

Theatre
, 5, 18, 32, 37–39, 176–178

access to
, 162–165

groups
, 41–42

Theatre as Witness
, 5

Theatre of the Oppressed (Boal)
, 50–51

Torture
, 101

Townships
, 171

life
, 141

Trade union leader
, 93

Traditional laws
, 113–114

Transvaal region
, 44

Trappist order of monks
, 17

Trauma
, 69, 81–83

Tricycle Theatre in London
, 92

Triple oppression
, 138

Truth and Reconciliation Committee (TRC)
, 84, 85, 88, 158–159

Truth Commission
, 100

Tutu, Leah
, 55

Umemulo
, 132

Umkhonto we Siswe
, 17, 32, 158

Umteteli wa Bantu (Mouthpiece of the People)
, 20

Under Western Eyes (1988)
, 30

UNICEF reports
, 170

Union Buildings in Pretoria
, 29, 161

United Women’s Organisation
, 40

University of Cape Town (UCT)
, 47, 106

Unrest-related injuries
, 40

Urban Areas Act (1923)
, 23

van Reneen, Maralin
, 70

Vetkoek
, 49

Violence
, 91, 101, 157

Voices
, 120

Volksmoeder
, 23–24

Vorster, B. J.
, 33

Walder, Dennis
, 114

Walker’s research
, 170

‘Wathint Abafazi’Wathint’
, 47–67

Western culture
, 39

White Car
, 127

White privilege concept
, 74

White South African
, 1n1

Whiteness
, 74, 124, 125

Widows of spouses
, 165

Wiehahn Commission (1977)
, 31

Wilberforce University
, 18

Williams, Sophie
, 29

Williamson, Craig
, 97–98, 106

Women
, 162–165

experience
, 49

lives
, 114

voices
, 107–109

Women News Network (WNN)
, 170

Women’s Charter
, 27, 45

Women’s Charter for Effective Equality (1994)
, 172

Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
, 23, 24

Women’s Liberation Movement
, 31

Women’s March (1956)
, 11, 48, 53, 63, 161

gendered nature
, 49–50

in Pretoria
, 8

Workers’ Theatre Movement
, 41

Writing a Woman’s Life (Heilbrun)
, 12

Xhosa
, 123, 126, 143

on channel SABCTV3 and Twsana
, 146

You Strike the Woman, You Strike the Rock (Klotz)
, 2, 4, 7, 10, 11, 47, 49, 50, 51, 54, 143, 160

company and hardships
, 50–51

consciousness raising and empowerment
, 62–66

domestic workers and madams
, 55–59

hostels and smarties
, 59–62

Mampompo, Mambhele and Sdudla
, 52–54

Zachariah
, 94, 102, 104–106

Zandile
, 59n14, 114, 116, 119, 120, 128–130, 131

Zulus
, 139, 143–144

on channel SABCTV3 and Twsana
, 146