Glossary of Terms

Citation

Sadangi, C.K. and Mohapatra, S. (2017), "Glossary of Terms", Change Management for Organizations, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 139-145. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78714-118-620171009

Publisher

:

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2017 Emerald Publishing Limited

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Abwab	Miscellaneous cesses levied by the chief.
Adalat	A Court of Justice.
Janajati	Tribal people.
Amin	Collector of revenue in the state.
Amla	A native officer of judicial or revenue court.
Andhari Kutchery	Night court.
Anna	The 16th part of a rupee.
Asar	The Oriya month corresponding to June.
Ashram	Asylum for recluses.
Baboo	A title of respect attached to a name.
Bakshi or Buxi	Commander-in-Chief of the Raja.
Bazar	Marketing complex.
Bebarta	Chief officer of an estate.
Bethi	Forced labour.
Begari	Forced labour without payment for public service.
Behera	A domestic servant, circulator of Raja’s Order, news, letters by hand to hand.
Behera Pradhan	Chief of Beheras.
Bhang	An intoxicating preparation hemp.
Bheti	A sort of tribute collected by Raja from the ryots on Suniya.
Bhuyan	A class of tribal people.
Bidi	A sort of cigar.
Biri	Blackgram.
Biswa	A village measurement worth about 75 grams.
Bisoi	Tribal head.
Brahmin	The highest caste of Hindu society entrusted with religious affairs.
Bund	Small dam.
Bungalow	Rest-house for travellers built by the government.
Bustee	Residential area of low-class people.
Charkha	Spinning wheel.
Chasa	Cultivator.
Cheyt	An Oriya month corresponding to March–April.
Choukidar	A village watchman.
Circar	An administrative unit.
Cooli	Labourer of inferior rank.
Cowree	A small shell used as money, which is one-sixth of an anna.
Cutchery	A court, an office.
Dak	Letter post.
Dakua	Night watchman in royal service.
Dalbehera	An officer in the command of the Paiks in the state.
Dandapat	An administrative division or unit in the state composing a number of villages.
Darogah	A customs, excise or police officer.
Dasi	Concubine.
Debottar	Lands assigned for the worship of an idol.
Dharma Adalat	Religious court.
Dharma Sabha	An association of influential Hindus to uphold their religion.
Dhobi	Washerman.
Diwan	Chief executive officer in the state.
Diwani Adalat	Civil court.
Dom	A lower caste Hindu.
Durbar	A royal court.
Dushera	A religious festival of Hindus for worshipping goddess Durga.
Faujdar	An officer enjoying both civil and military power over one division.
Gadi	Throne; the seat of royalty.
Gajapati	The name by which the King of Puri is generally known.
Ganda	A low caste Hindu.
Ganja	A kind of intoxicating drug prepared from the hemp (Cannabis).
Garh	A hill fort.
Garjat	The lands constituted of mountains fortresses.
Garnaik	A military commander in charge of a fort; a village head.
Gaud	Milkman.
Ghat	A landing place near river bank for loading and unloading of goods from the boats.
Gountia	A village headman in the Sambalpur state.
Gherao	Encircling and not allowing the officer to go without yielding to the agitator’s demand.
Gunda	Hooligan.
Guru	A religious preceptor among the Hindus.
Hadi	A low caste Hindu.
Harijan	Scheduled caste group.
Hartal	Strike.
Hat	Market.
Hatikheda	A special ditch for trapping wild elephants.
Hizrat	To move enmasse from one place to other due to excessive oppression.
Hingula	A popular Hindu goddess.
Jagir	Revenue free land held on condition of rendering service to the chief.
Jagirdar	The holder of Jagir.
Jatra or Yatra	A religious festival.
Jema	Princess.
Jestha	The name of an Oriya month, corresponding to May–June.
Juanga	A hill tribe.
Jubaraj or Yuvaraj	Crown prince.
Jungle	A forest.
Kabuliyat	A written agreement.
Kabya tirtha	An honorary degree for writing epic.
Kahana	A measure equal to 1280 cowries.
Kali	A popular Hindu goddess.
Kara	Tax.
Kazi	A Muslim magistrate.
Khadi	Home-spun coarse cotton cloth.
Khaki	Inferior quality cloth resembling in colour the groundnuts.
Khalsa	Lands comprised of revenue-paying estate.
Khamar	Grain store; a land granted to relatives of royal family for their maintenance.
Khandual	Watcher of weapon house.
Khansama	Royal cook.
Khas	An estate managed by government.
Kheda	An enclosure to capture elephant.
Khilat	A dress of honour, presented by the Raja or superior authority to a subordinate as a mark of distinction.
Khond or Kondhs	A class of wild tribe.
Killah	Fortress under jurisdiction of the tributary Raja.
Kol	Tribal people.
Krushak or Krishak	Farmer.
Kulta	A word used in western Orissa meaning farmer.
Kumar	The son of a king next to the eldest son.
Lakhiraj	Rent-free land for some particular purpose.
Lathi	A bamboo stick used by the police constable as a weapon.
Magan	Fees exacted by the Raja from the tenants mostly for social rituals.
Mahal	An estate, a revenue-paying unit.
Mahanta	The abbot of a monastery.
MahaRaja	Emperor.
Makkaddam or Mukkaddum	A village proprietor who pays through a superior.
Mali	Gardener.
Malikana	Proprietorship.
Mana	A land measurement of 60 decimals (when one acre is 100 decimals).
Mandal	Peasant body.
Matha	Monastery.
Mauza	A village or a group of villages.
Meli	Rebellion.
Meriah	Human sacrifice performed by tribals like Kandhs.
Mofussil	Village area.
Mughalbandi	The cultivated-coastal belt of Orissa (Cuttack, Puri and Balasore Districts) under direct administration of British from which the Mughal emperors derived their revenues.
Mukdab or Makdab	Primary school of Muslims.
Mukhtyar or Muktair	An authorised agent; junior pleader.
Mung	Greengram.
Naib	A deputy.
Naik	The head of a small body of the Paiks generally in charge of a village.
Nawab	A Muslim ruler.
Nazarana	Gift from an inferior to a superior.
Nimak-haram	Betrayer.
Niskara	Lands exempted from tax.
Nizamat Adalat	The Supreme Court of Criminal Justice.
Nuzzer or Nazar	A court official.
Paik	Foot soldier of Raja holding lands on tenure of military service.
Pan	The betel leaf.
Pana	A low caste employee.
Pania	Water carrier.
Panchayat	A native court of arbitration.
Panda	A priest of a Hindu temple.
Pandit	A learned Brahmin with the knowledge of Sanskrit study.
Pargana	A subdivision of a district.
Parishad	Council.
Parwana or Purwana	An order or a letter under royal seal.
Pattah	Guaranteed deed.
Pattayat	The scion of the king who does not have a claim on the gadi.
Peshcus	A tribute.
Pradhan	Village headman.
Praja Parishad	People’s council.
Qanungo or Kanungo	Revenue officer.
Qubulnamah	Acknowledgement of rights.
Rabi	The spring harvest.
Raiyat or Ryot	Cultivator.
Raj	Crown.
Raja	King.
Raj Purohit	Royal priest.
Rani	Hindu queen.
Rajbati	Royal palace.
Rasad or Russud	Supply of necessities to the officers to their camping ground.
Ratha	Car.
Ressums	Ration.
Srabana	The Oriya month corresponding to September–October.
Sadak	Road.
Sahara	A scheduled tribe.
Sahib or Saheb	Englishman.
Samant	Nobles.
Sammilani	Conference.
Salami	A complementary present.
Sanad	A document conferring privileges under the seal of the ruling authority.
Sangha	Association.
Sarbarakar	A title given to the village headman in the states.
Sardar	A chief or commander.
Sati or Suttee	The rite of widow burning alive with the husband’s funeral pyre.
SatyaGarha	Protest demonstration in peaceful manner.
SatyaGarhi	One who participates in SatyaGarha.
Sawar	A scheduled caste group.
Sena	Soldier.
Ser or Seer	A measure of weight.
Sepoy	A soldier of India dressed in European style.
Shikar	Sport in the sense of hunting.
Sonia or Suniya	The Oriya New Year’s Day.
Subah or Soobah	A large division or province of the Mughal Empire.
Swaraj	Self-government.
Tahsildar	The chief native revenue officer.
Taluk	An estate smaller than a zamindari.
Tamakhu	Tobacco.
Thana	A police station.
Tol	Indigenous Sanskrit school.
Tola	A measure of weight.
Umlee	Year commencing between 27 August and 26 September.
Vaidya	A traditional village doctor using herbal medicine.
Zamindar	A landlord; a proprietor directly responsible to the state for the revenue of the land he possess.
Zamindari	The tract of land consisting the possession of zamindar.
Zenana	A secluded house for women members of the family.
Zilla	A division or district.