Aaran Taste Trail

, 367

ADBF. See Asian Dragon Boat Federation (ADBF)

Addo Elephant National Park

, 354–359

AIMS. See Alliance of Independent recognized Members of Sports (AIMS)

Alliance of Independent recognized Members of Sports (AIMS)

, 167

Alternative tours

, 34–35

Arts events

, 134–136, 139, 140, 143, 147

Asian Dragon Boat Federation (ADBF)

, 163

Authentic culture

, 222

Authenticity

in creative tourism

, 250–253

in cultural tourism

, 219–224

Barbados

, 399, 402, 403

Barcelona Creative Tourism

, 244

Big-group tours

, 33, 34

Black River Safari

, 501–502

Brand experience

, 12

Buhr & Dugas’s Intolerance of Uncertainty. Loewenstein’s personal safety scale

, 388

Building glocality

, 136

Business origami technique

, 9

Business performance

, 477

Business’ self-sufficiency, exploring

, 5–6

Business tourism

, 454–456

context

, 453

engagement

, 460

experience value model

, 463–464

experiential value

, 456–457

extraordinary experiences

, 458–460

intention

, 460

knowledge development

, 454

post-consumption behavior

, 463

satisfaction

, 457–458, 460–462

value creation

, 454

value experience

, 460–462

Caribbean

, 399

CED. See Customer experience design (CED)

CEM. See Customer experience management (CEM)

China’s Dragon Boat festival

authenticity and profit-chasers

, 160–162

symbolic authenticity and new alliances

, 169–170

theoretical and cultural context

, 158–160

threats and opportunities

, 162–168

Chinese cultural heritage festival

, 159, 171

Chop Chop

, 370–371, 373

Collective intelligence

, 338

Communities’ empowerment

, 239–240

Community center

, 119

Community cultural development

, 138

Conceptual uniqueness

, 137–138

Consumer-driven innovation

, 39–40

Controllable convenience

, 305, 306

Co-value creation

, 200

Coyaba River Garden and Museum

, 503–504

Creative cities

, 116, 117

Creative economy

, 115

Creative industries

, 115

Creative tourism

, 114, 116, 122

active participation

, 246

analysis and best practices

, 246–255

assets and opportunities for

, 239–240

authentic experiences

, 246

authenticity

, 250–253

challenges

, 243–246

creative potential development

, 246

creativity

, 248–250

essential awareness of changes

, 243

experience economy

, 237–239

experience’s eco-system

, 243–245

guidelines

, 255–258

opportunities and challenges

, 237–246

sharing economy

, 245–246

skills development

, 246

tourist organizations

, 240–243

Creative Tourism Network® (CTN)

, 237, 240, 242, 248, 518

CTN. See Creative Tourism Network® (CTN)

CTO. See Cyprus Tourism Organisation (CTO)

Culinary Tourism (Long)

, 365

Culinary tourism experiences

developing and marketing

, 368

experiential tourism products found in

, 366

market for

, 364

Cultural heritage

design and strategic management of

, 157

Cultural tourism

, 134

authenticity

, 219–224

commodification of

, 224–226

Customer-contact employees/staff

, 46, 49, 56

Customer experience

perceived value and outcomes

, 184

Customer experience design (CED)

, 4

Customer experience management (CEM)

, 4, 490

Customer experiences

as entertainment

, 68

Customer feedback

, 477

Customer interface

, 12–13

Customer management

, 477–478

Customers expectations

, 6–7

Customers mind and memorability

, 13–14

Cyprus

, 284, 286, 287

Cyprus Tourism Organisation (CTO)

, 287

Data collection procedure

, 495–497

Destination experience

, 67–70

process of designing

, 70

Destination management

, 283

DINESERV

, 452

Disney Corporation

, 345

Disneyization

, 345–347

Disney World

, 227

DMOs

, 73–74

Double Fifth (Duan Wu) Festival

, 156–158

Dragon Boat racing

, 156–164

history of

, 164–166

Eatertainment experience

, 491

Eco Atlas

, 275

Ecolabeling

, 270

Economic and tourism development

, 135

Ecotourism

, 263–266

EDBF. See European Dragon Boat Federation (EDBF)

Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM)

, 471–475, 527

Emergent authenticity

, 227

Emergent strategy

, 159

Emotional intelligence (EI)

, 54, 55

Environmental economics

, 271–272

Ephemeral tourist experience

, 255

European Dragon Boat Federation (EDBF)

, 163

Event experience

, 138

Event implementation and management

, 139

eWOM. See Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM)

Existential authenticity

, 221

Experience atmosphere

, 10–12

Experience-based design

first phase of

, 5

Experience-based tourism

, 412

Experience-centric approach

and concepts

, 23–25

and experience innovation

, 25–26

Experience-centric innovation

, 26–27

for competitive advantage

, 41

Experience-centric strategy

, 510

Experience-centric value creation

, 27–30

Experience co-creation opportunities

, 100

Experience design

experience-centric value creation

, 27–30

explore

, 5–7

innovation and creativity

, 9

and market intelligence

, 27–30

process

, 5

Singapore airlines

, 13–16

tour

, 31

Experience economy

, xii–xiii, 135, 236, 237–239, 345–347

Experience economy concept

, 236

Experience innovation

, 27

Experience market

, 12, 16, 27

Experiential tourism

, 125

tourism services, providers of

, 178–180

tourists’ aspirations and requirements

, 178

Experiential value promise (EVP)

, 7–8

Explore, design and positioning (EDP)

, 5

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)

, 201, 203, 517

Fairy chimneys

, 228

Firm’s value chain system operations

, 103–108

Free-guided tours

, 35

Frequency distribution

, 498–499

Fulfilling experience

, 489–491

Gay cultural events

, 326–327

Gay experience

, 333–334

Gay film festivals

, 326–329

Genuine culture

, 222

GLES. See Green Leaf Environmental Standard (GLES)

Green development

, 267–270

Green ecotourism destinations

, 263–266

Greening

, 268, 270

Green Leaf Environmental Standard (GLES)

, 268

Green operations

, 269–270, 272–274

Guests’ experiences

boutique hotels and activities

, 190–191

business alliances

, 185–187

characteristics and influencing dimensions

, 182–185

management and marketing benefits

, 187–188

network’s marketing concept

, 189

service experience

, 180–182

venture’s profile

, 189

Guided tours

, 23, 30–31

Haenerstburg

, 271–275

Heritage attraction

, 493–495

HISTOQUAL

, 495

HKTA. See Hong Kong Tourist Association (HKTA)

Holistic approach

, 241–242, 254–255

Hong Kong Tourist Association (HKTA)

, 154, 158, 162, 171, 515

Host community

, 71–73

Hotel industry and guests’ experiences

characteristics and influencing dimensions

, 182–185

service experience

, 180–182

Humanic clues

, 8

Human resources (HR)

crucial role

, 46

developing experiential skills

, 58–60

in tourism field

, 48–51

Human resources management (HRM)

critical role of

, 47

importance of

, 48–51

strategic approach to

, 52–54

Hybrid experience

, 508

Imitation

, 37–38

Information Communication Technologies (ICTs)

, xxiv, 525

advances in

, 410, 412

experience hierarchy

, 414

impacts of

, 410, 411

and tourism experience

, 412–414

in tourism marketing

, 414–417

Intangible cultural heritage

, 156, 157, 158, 161

Intellectual capital

, 8

International Canoeing Federation (ICF)

, 163

International Dragon Boat Federation (IDBF)

, 163

International Olympic Committee (IOC)

, 167

International sporting event

, 162

International Sports Federation (ISF)

, 167

Internet

, 86, 471

Knowledge management

, 29, 38–39

Leisure

, 201

Leisurescape

, 135, 145

Lesbians, gays, bi, and trans (LGBT)

, 324, 329

Life cycle assessment (LCA)

, 268

Life-enhancing products

, 177

Loewenstein’s personal safety scale

, 388

Macro-environment.

, 10

Magoebaskloof Tourism

, 275

Marketable tourist experience

, 244

Marketers, changing role of

, 417–418

Marketing tourism experience

, 417–420

Market segmentation

, 117, 120, 122

McDonaldization

, 226–228, 346, 433

Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions/Events (MICE)

, 455

Memorabilia

, 493

Memorable tourism experiences (MTEs)

, 526

adverse feelings

, 439

component of

, 432, 441

conceptual and theoretical components of

, 436–439

design and delivery of

, 439–442

essence of

, 434–439

fundamental factors of

, 432

hedonism

, 436–437

knowledge

, 438

meaningfulness

, 438–439

novelty

, 437–438

refreshment

, 437

social interaction and local culture

, 438

Meso-environment

, 10

Micro-environment

, 10

Mobile marketing

, 418–419

Multifaceted experience

, 508

National Dragon Boat Associations

, 163

Natural resources

, 267

Negative cues

, 492

Netnographic analysis

, 330–331, 334–335

Non-professional sport-tourists

, 197

Office du Tourisme et des Congrès (OTC)

, 332

Online communication

, 325, 329, 334, 335

Online reviews

, 471–473, 476–479

Online social media (OSM)

, 325, 326, 522

Otium

, 188–191

Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA)

, 380, 381

Pärnu Hospital, Estonia

, 309–310

Penn State Worry Questionnaire

, 388

Philadelphia

, 420

Positive cues

, 491–492

Post-modernism, emblem of

, 222

Post tourists

, 222

Product-market match

, 114, 122–125, 128, 135

Professional conference organizer (PCO)

, 460

Professional sport-tourists

, 197

Promotional tools

, 398, 400, 401

Protection motivation theory (PMT)

, 384–385

Public-spirited orientation

, 137

Refined service and exquisite hospitality

, 53–54

RENTQUAL

, 452

Reputation management

, 478

Risk-as-feelings hypothesis

, 385–386

Ritz-Carlton “gold standards”

, 50–51

Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company

, 50–51

Rose Hall Great House

, 502–503

Royal Ontario Museum

, 422–423

Rural tourism experience

, 284–286

activities

, 285

conceptualization of

, 285

in Cyprus

, 287

evaluation of

, 286

management of

, 286, 295

Saint-Jean-Port-Joli (Québec)

, 241–242

Sales management

, 477

Sculpture trails

, 142, 143–144

Sea, sculpture by

assessing event experience

, 147–148

brand/conceptual uniqueness

, 143–144

event experience

, 144–146

global orientation

, 141–143

planning, management, and operation

, 146–147

SCA, assessment of

, 149–150

unique concept

, 140–141

SERQUAL

, 495

Service dominant logic (SDL)

, 47

tourism experiences

, 88–91

Service innovation

market-creating

, 305, 306

in medical tourism

, 303–316

in spas

, 303–316

in wellness

, 303–316

Service Quality Scorecard (SQSC)

, 452

Services blueprinting

, 201, 203

Servicescape

, 452

SERVPERF

, 452

SERVQUAL

, 452

Sfendami Mountain Festival (SMF)

area map of

, 204

small-scale sport event.

, 204–205

sport event

, 202

Singapore airlines (SIA)

, 13–16

Small and medium tourism enterprises (SMTEs)

, 185, 186

Small-group tour providers

, 32

Small-scale sport service system

, 206

Social context, contextualization

, 91

Social context mobile marketing

, 422

Socially constructed experiences

, 90

Social media (SM)

co-creation opportunities and processes

, 100

individualized and socially constructed experiences

, 97–98

interactions and tourism experiences

, 93–100

marketing strategies

, 480

motivating factors

, 475

multimedia content

, 92

online reviews

, 471–473

participation and tourism experiences

, 100–102

and tourism experiences

, 91–93

Socio-cultural environment

, 7

Socio-digital media

, 338

Special interest tourism (SIT)

, 453

Sport tourism

, 196

data analysis procedures and validity

, 404

data collection procedures

, 403

diary design

, 206–209

implementation of

, 402

research approach and sampling

, 402–403

research instrument

, 403–404

service encounters and servicescapes

, 199–200

service quality

, 197–199

SMF

, 2013, 201–202

tourist experience and satisfaction

, 200–201

Stakeholders

, 70–71

Statistics Canada Motivations Survey (TAMS)

, 118

Strategic human resources management (SHRM)

, 52, 53, 62

Strengthen the customer

, 7

Suburbanization

, 115

Sustainability

, 263

Sustainable creative advantage (SCA)

, 135, 515

Sydney Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (SOCOG)

, 141, 142

Symbolic authenticity

, 159

Tactile tours

, 146

Technological product innovations

, 36

Technology-empowered experience

, 411

Theming

, 347, 351

Toronto

, 117–119

Total quality management (TQM)

, 60–61

Tour experience design

, 31

Tourism attraction

, 118, 119, 127

Tourism businesses manage service

, 49

Tourism context and settings

, xv–xxvii

Tourism Crisis Management Initiative (TCMI)

, 380

Tourism destinations

, 264

Tourism experiences

, xiii–xiv, 156, 157, 160, 161, 508

creation

, 507

definition

, xi

developing experiential skills, HR

, 58–60

emotional labor and intelligence

, 55–56

experience encounter

, 56

experiential intelligence and skills

, 57–58

hotel, tourism experience encounters

, 57

managing and marketing

, xiv–xv

social media

, 91–93

total quality management (TQM)

, 60–61

Tourism Grading Council of South Africa (TGCSA)

, 268

Tourism industry

, 74–76

Tourism marketing

, 403, 405

and management

, 134

Tourism pursuits

, 201

Tourist experiences

, 67–71, 283, 286, 288

factors influencing the

, 349

McDonaldization of

, 226–228

Tourist moments

, 221

Tourist paradigm shift

, 236

Traditional mass tourism

, 66

Traditional tourist

behavior concepts

, 66

Travel motives

, 286, 288

Travel risk

conceptualization and measurement of

, 381

criticism of

, 381

operationalization of

, 382, 388–392

theory-based conceptual model

, 387–388

Trip Advisor

, 274

Turkey

, 228–230

Tzaneen

, 271–275

UNESCO

, 158, 160

United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

, 380, 381

UNWTO report

, 366

User-driven innovation

, 30, 40

Value co-creation

, 89, 109

Value co-destruction

, 94

Visiting friends and relatives (VFR)

, 120

Visitor attractions

, 345, 348

Visitor experience

, 494

Visitor satisfaction

, 494

Visitphilly photo spots

, 420–422

Waterloo-Wellington Ale Trail

, 367

Waterwheel

, 271–275

World Tourism Organisation (WTO)

, 454

World Travel Market

, 400