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Sinusoidal signals are often used as the inputs of the six degree of freedom (DOF) motion simulator platforms. The purpose of this paper is to propose a fuzzy incremental controller (FIC) to improve sinusoidal signal tracking performances of an electrohydraulic Gough-Stewart platform (GSP).

An FIC is proposed to control an electrohydraulic GSP without any model parameters. The FIC output can be self-organized by only using the hydraulic actuator position information. The control rules are determined by a systematic deterministic method.

Experimental results show that the proposed FIC is valid and can achieve better tracking performances compared with classical PID controller and a decoupling controller (a model-based controller).

An FIC using a systematic deterministic rule-base determination method is proposed to improve sinusoidal signal tracking performances of electrohydraulic GSP.

The purpose of this paper is to present systematic optimal design procedures for the Gough-Stewart platforms used as engineering motion simulators.

Three systematic optimal design procedures are proposed to solve the engineering design problems for the Gough-Stewart platform used as motion simulators. In these systematic optimal design procedures, two contradicting design optimality criteria with good representations of performances of the Gough-Stewart platforms are chosen as the objective functions. In addition, the two objective function optimization problems are solved by using the multi-objective evolutionary algorithms.

In the systematic optimal design procedures, multiple compromised design solutions are found by using Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm version II in the primary design stage, and many candidates can be used in the secondary design stage for higher decisions. Two higher decision methods have been presented to choose the final solutions.

This paper proposes three systematic optimal design procedures to solve the practical design problems of the Gough-Stewart platforms used as motion simulators, which are very important for the engineering designers.

The purpose of this study is to present a holistic review of journal articles on value cocreation in the tourism and hospitality field. By distinguishing similarities and differences in the contexts of China and other regions, the authors identify targeted research directions.

This study collected 438 English articles and 31 Chinese articles on value cocreation in tourism and hospitality published in the Web of Science, Scopus and China National Knowledge Infrastructure online databases. After analyzing the study location of all articles in the sample, the authors identified 79 English-language articles that adopted China as the context of the study. The first data set included non-China-focused publications and the second data set included China-focused publications. A comparative bibliometric methodology was conducted.

The results indicate similarities and differences between the two data sets in terms of research methods, topics and future research directions. Seven major concepts were identified in the first data set: hospitality value cocreation; the value generation process; key stakeholders; outcome variables; the application of service-dominant logic; peer-to-peer accommodation and destination management. Four research focuses were identified in the second data set: the application of customer-dominant logic; the value generation process; resource integration and the cocreation experience.

This research contributes to the understanding of tourism and hospitality cocreation systems through literature analysis and encourages future research on the nexus of the Chinese and global contexts. This systematic investigation extends the concept of value cocreation by integrating its implementation process and value categories and further evaluates the consequences and benefits of value cocreation, which helps clarify how winners and losers can adjust their strategies accordingly.

The originality of this paper lies in the adopted comparative bibliometric analysis which comprehensively reviewed and compared the characteristics of value cocreation research across two contexts. In addition, the study dialectically assesses Chinese tourism cocreation phenomena and their impacts from a global perspective.

The purpose of this paper is to construct a self-assembled double layer of organosilane on the surface of stainless steel and to investigate its corrosion inhibitive capability.

A monolayer of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) was grafted onto an oxidized AISI 430SS (AISI 430 stainless steel) surface substrate from dry toluene solution. The hydrolysis of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PFDS) molecules was used to anchor a second organic layer from mixed water-ethanol solution. The adsorption behavior and corrosion inhibition properties of the monolayer and also the bilayer were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle measurements.

The GPTMS/PFDS bilayer was successfully deposited onto the oxidized AISI 430SS surface. The optimal assembling time for the filming of the first GPTMS monolayer is 6 hours. Suitable values of pH and temperature of the PFDS self-assembly solution were pivotal to the successful deposition of the second layer. Compared to the GPTMS monolayer, the GPTMS/PFDS bilayer exhibited a significant enhancement of the corrosion inhibition performance of AISI 430SS in NaCl solution.

The contact angle value measured on the bilayer-modified surface was somewhat lower than the reported value of a complete fluorinated surface. However, further optimization of the assembling condition is needed to obtain more orderly and denser films.

This paper provides useful information regarding the preparation of an organosilane bilayer on the surface of stainless steel and its corrosion inhibition properties in NaCl solution. It illustrates potential application prospects of GPTMS/PFDS bilayers for surface treatment of stainless steel.

The self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of inositol hexakisphosphoric (IP6) formed in NaCl solution at room temperature on the surface of Type 430 stainless steel (SS430) were studied. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

The corrosion inhibition behavior of the SAMs was examined by electrochemical polarization curves, and surface characterizations were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

The results showed that the IP6 molecules were adsorbed successfully on the SS430 surface and demonstrated the capability of corrosion inhibition. A maximum IE value of 71.81 percent was achieved due to co-adsorption of water. The SS430 electrodes exposed to media containing 5×10−3 mol/L of IP6 exhibited the best anti-corrosive performance.

The present paper will report for the first time the adsorption and corrosion inhibition performances of IP6 SAMs on the SS430.

The purpose of this paper is to research the price strategies of online knowledge payment product by considering network externality in the C2C sharing economy.

Considering the characteristics of online knowledge goods and the social network externality of consumers, this study establishes a consumer utility function. On this basis, a multistage game pricing model of online knowledge products is established based on three kinds of network price strategies under a completely competitive market structure. It also analyzes the influence of consumer social network structure and consumer utility on online knowledge product pricing and producer profit, as well as the influence of consumer quantity and discount rate on pricing strategy.

The consumer social network and consumer utility affect the pricing of online knowledge product under different price strategies. In the growth period of the platform, adopting the price discrimination strategy, the profit of producers is significantly higher than that of other price strategies, and producers should choose effective price strategies for reasonable pricing in combination with their own sales objectives.

This study enriches the literature on the pricing model of online knowledge payment product and owns a practical significance to guide the knowledge producers’ marketing strategies to increase profit.

This paper aims to investigate a probabilistic mixture model for the nonrigid point set registration problem in the computer vision tasks. The equations to estimate the mixture model parameters and the constraint items are derived simultaneously in the proposed strategy.

The problem of point set registration is expressed as Laplace mixture model (LMM) instead of Gaussian mixture model. Three constraint items, namely, distance, the transformation and the correspondence, are introduced to improve the accuracy. The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is used to optimize the objection function and the transformation matrix and correspondence matrix are given concurrently.

Although amounts of the researchers study the nonrigid registration problem, the LMM is not considered for most of them. The nonrigid registration problem is considered in the LMM with the constraint items in this paper. Three experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness and robustness and demonstrate the validity.

The novel method to solve the nonrigid point set registration problem in the presence of the constraint items with EM algorithm is put forward in this work.

A proliferation of articles surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic is calling for new insights through review. This paper aims to bibliometrically analyze the current progress of research around hospitality and tourism to define the research directions on herd immunity and the prevention of disease under the “new normal.”

This paper analyzed 326 articles regarding COVID-19 published in SSCI hospitality, leisure and tourism journals in 2020 and 2021 by combining manual analysis and bibliometrics to reveal research topics and to gain insight into research structures.

The results of this paper summarized topics related to stakeholders’ mentality and behavior, responses of travel suppliers to the COVID-19 pandemic, economic impact and demand forecasting, social issues of human rights and racism and reflection on tourism and transformation of the industry. More research is called for in the future to focus on a better response to the crisis, including crisis management education and training and the improving the resilience of small- and medium-sized enterprises.

A three-dimensional consideration was proposed to promote the sustainable development of hospitality and tourism.

In the “new normal” phase of herd immunity and disease prevention, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that provides an up-to-date systematic overview of the evolution of COVID-19 research in tourism and hospitality and encourages more conceptual, practical and futuristic studies.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic plunged global tourism into a huge crisis in 2020. China was confronted with a wave of cancellations by tourism consumers due to COVID-19 and tourist complaints rose dramatically during this period. Although tourism enterprises have quickly introduced measures in response, the effectiveness of targeted policies is expected to be evaluated. Concerned about this phenomenon, this study aims to provide insights into the dim prospects of the tourism industry and to bridge the gap between tourists and enterprises.

The current study adopts a two-step method that combines automatic and manual content analysis to contrastively analyse 647 complaints from the Sina platform and the measures of five online travel agencies (OTAs) taken to deal with COVID-19.

The results reveal that the COVID-19-related information and policies issued by official departments had a promoting effect on tourist complaints. OTAs were the main target of complainers, and three themes of complaints were identified, namely, cancellation barriers, refund barriers and customer relationship management. Although tourism enterprises’ policies covered most dimensions of the three themes, more detailed and mutually beneficial policies need to be formulated in the face of a new round of cancellations.

This research attempts to investigate tourism customer complaint behaviours in the case of COVID-19 and to provide tourism enterprises receiving different complaints with practical insights into crisis management. It contributes to simultaneously minimizing business losses and maintaining customer relationships in the service industry, improving the industry’s performance under potential crises in the future.

危机信息、沟通策略和客户投诉行为:以COVID-19为例

2020年, 新冠肺炎大流行的爆发使全球旅游业陷入巨大危机。由于新冠肺炎疫情, 中国面临了旅游消费者的退订浪潮, 期间游客投诉大幅上升。虽然旅游企业迅速采取了应对措施, 但预期将评估有针对性的政策的有效性。考虑到这一现象, 本研究旨在为旅游业的暗淡前景提供见解, 并弥合游客和企业之间的差距。

本研究采用自动内容分析和人工手动编码相结合的两步方法, 对来自新浪平台的647起游客投诉和5家在线旅行社应对COVID-19的措施进行对比分析。

结果显示, 官方部门发布的新冠肺炎相关信息和政策对旅游投诉的数量起到了刺激作用。在线旅行社是投诉者的主要目标, 并确定了游客投诉的三个主题:取消障碍、退款障碍和客户关系管理。虽然旅游企业政策涵盖了这三个主题的大部分层面, 但面对新一轮的取消, 还需要制定更详细和互利的政策。

本研究试图调查COVID-19情况下的旅游客户投诉行为, 为收到不同投诉的旅游企业提供危机管理的实用见解。它有助于在服务行业同时减少业务损失和维护客户关系, 提高行业在未来潜在危机下的绩效。

Información de crisis, estrategias de comunicación y medidas adoptadas ante las reclamaciones de los clientes: el caso de COVID-19

El presente estudio adopta un método en dos fases que combina el análisis de contenido automático y manual para analizar de forma contrastiva 647 reclamaciones de la plataforma Sina y las medidas de cinco agencias de viajes online (OTA) adoptadas para hacer frente a la COVID-19.

El estallido de la pandemia COVID-19 sumió al turismo mundial en una enorme crisis en 2020. China tuvo que hacer frente a una oleada de cancelaciones por parte de los consumidores turísticos debido a la COVID-19, y las quejas de los turistas aumentaron drásticamente durante este periodo. Aunque las empresas turísticas introdujeron rápidamente medidas de respuesta, se espera que se evalúe la eficacia de dichas políticas. Preocupado por este fenómeno, el presente estudio pretende aportar información sobre las sombrías perspectivas de la industria turística y tender un puente entre los turistas y las empresas.

Los resultados revelan que la información y las políticas relacionadas con el COVID-19 emitidas por los departamentos oficiales tuvieron un efecto promotor de las quejas de los turistas. Las OTAs fueron el principal objetivo de los reclamantes, y se identificaron tres temas de reclamaciones: barreras de cancelación, barreras de reembolso y gestión de la relación con el cliente. Aunque las políticas de las empresas turísticas cubrían la mayoría de las dimensiones de los tres temas, es necesario formular políticas más detalladas y mutuamente beneficiosas ante una nueva oleada de cancelaciones.

Esta investigación trata de investigar el comportamiento de las reclamaciones de los clientes turísticos en el caso de COVID-19 y de proporcionar a las empresas turísticas que reciben diferentes reclamaciones una visión práctica de la gestión de crisis. Contribuye a minimizar simultáneamente las pérdidas comerciales y a mantener las relaciones con los clientes en el sector de los servicios, mejorando el rendimiento de la industria ante posibles crisis en el futuro.

The goal of this paper is twofold: (1) to investigate how relatedness-supportive corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives influence brand happiness among retail bank customers through a mediating mechanism of customer participation in brand CSR movements; and (2) to analyze how relatedness-supportive CSR initiatives’ effect may be moderated by cause choice and customer-brand goal congruence.

Data were collected from 379 retail bank customers via a paper-and-pencil survey. The hypothesized moderated-mediation effects were tested using Hayes’ (2013) PROCESS (Model 3, Model 4 and Model 7).

Results show that relatedness-supportive CSR initiatives increase brand happiness among retail bank customers through increasing their participation in brand CSR movements. Furthermore, the use of customer determination in the choice of cause enhances the positive effect of relatedness-supportive CSR initiatives on customer participation in brand CSR movements. Similarly, when customers choose the cause and the customer-brand goal is congruent, the effect of relatedness-supportive CSR initiatives on brand happiness is stronger than when the customer-brand goal is incongruent and cause choice is not aligned.

This research is grounded on the relationship motivation theory (RMT), basic psychological needs theory and self-congruity theory to unpack the relationship between relatedness-supportive CSR programs on brand happiness. Integrating three research streams (i.e. CSR, brand management and retail banking), this study proposes customer participation in brand CSR movements as a novel mechanism and sheds light on how relatedness-supportive CSR interplays with cause choice/customer-brand goal congruence to affect brand happiness among retail bank customers in emerging markets.