Zhiling Ma, Yanjun Qiao, Fei Xie, Xianling Wang and Jing Wang
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the role of encapsulation temperature on the preparation of silica-encapsulated waterborne aluminium pigments.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the role of encapsulation temperature on the preparation of silica-encapsulated waterborne aluminium pigments.
Design/methodology/approach
The waterborne aluminium pigments were prepared with H2O2 as anchoring agent and siloxane used as precursors in pH = 9.0 medium at different temperatures. The anchorage and compactness of silicon which on aluminium surface were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption. The anticorrosion property was characterized by the volume of produced hydrogen as a function of time.
Findings
The effect of encapsulation temperature on anticorrosion property of aluminium pigments is reflected from the anchorage and the compactness of silica on aluminium surface. Furthermore, when encapsulation temperature is 45-50°C, the silica platelets uniformly anchored on the aluminium surface as a dense film, which show the best anticorrosion property. Lower and higher encapsulation temperatures cause the silica platelets to agglomerate rather than anchor on the aluminium surface, which is unfavourable for the anchorage and the formation of compact silica film. The use of product in waterborne coatings gives a higher glossiness than that of raw material.
Research limitations/implications
Only pH = 9.0 medium was explored, and the other pH medium could result in different optimum temperatures.
Practical implications
The investigation results provide theoretical basis for obtaining excellent waterborne aluminium pigments.
Originality/value
The method of investigating corrosion resistance mechanism of aluminium pigments based on anchorage and compactness is novel.
Details
Keywords
Zhiling Ma, Yanjun Qiao, Yajing Wen, Xianling Wang and Jing Wang
This paper aims to evaluate the effect of precursors on the anticorrosion property of silica encapsulated waterborne aluminium pigments (WBAPs).
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the effect of precursors on the anticorrosion property of silica encapsulated waterborne aluminium pigments (WBAPs).
Design/methodology/approach
The silica encapsulated WBAPs were prepared using different siloxanes as precursors. The anchorage and compactness of silica films on aluminium flakes were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption. The anticorrosion property and glossiness of WBAPs were evaluated.
Findings
The effect of precursors on anticorrosion property of silica encapsulated WBAPs is reflected from the anchorage and the compactness of silica on aluminium flakes surface. Furthermore, the structure of γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane benefits the anchorage and the compatibility between pigment and acrylic resin. Neither high nor low ratio of tetraethoxysilane/γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is favourable to the anchorage and formation of dense silica film on the aluminium flakes surface. To obtain perfect WBAP, the precursors of silica must be carefully selected.
Research limitations/implications
Only four kinds of precursors were used in this work; other precursors could also be studied.
Practical implications
The investigation results provide theoretical basis to obtain excellent WBAPs.
Originality/value
The method to investigate anticorrosion property of WBAPs that is based on the effect of precursors on the performance of silica was novel.
Details
Keywords
Zhiling Ma, Yajing Wen, Chunyan Zhang and Jing Wang
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of encapsulation pH and iron source on the anchorage mode and performance of iron oxide-encapsulated aluminium pigments.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of encapsulation pH and iron source on the anchorage mode and performance of iron oxide-encapsulated aluminium pigments.
Design/methodology/approach
The coloured waterborne aluminium pigments were prepared at pH 5-7.5 by using FeSO4 and FeCl3 as iron source. The anchorage mode of iron oxides on aluminium was characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the pigmentary performance was characterized through anticorrosion test and multi-angle spectroscopy.
Findings
Diaspore and boehmite could form from H2O2 oxidizing aluminium. Both low pH and FeSO4 systems are beneficial for diaspore, inducing green rust anchor on the aluminium to form goethite. Either in FeSO4 or FeCl3 system, slightly high pH is beneficial for the formation of boehmite, which occurred together with ferrihydrite to form denser coating with yellowness and excellent anticorrosion property. At pH above 7, the formation of dendritic iron oxide is detrimental to the anticorrosion property and the glossiness.
Research limitations/implications
Only FeSO4·7H2O and FeCl3·6H2O as iron sources were explored.
Practical implications
The investigation results provide theoretical basis to obtain excellent chromatic waterborne aluminium pigments.
Originality/value
The method for investigation of encapsulation mechanism by surveying the structure of iron oxides on aluminium, which varies with the pH of the system and iron sources, is novel.
Details
Keywords
Cindy Zhiling Tu, Yufei Yuan, Norm Archer and Catherine E. Connelly
Effective information security management is a strategic issue for organizations to safeguard their information resources. Strategic value alignment is a proactive approach to…
Abstract
Purpose
Effective information security management is a strategic issue for organizations to safeguard their information resources. Strategic value alignment is a proactive approach to manage value conflict in information security management. Applying a critical success factor (CSF) analysis approach, this paper aims to propose a CSF model based on a strategic alignment approach and test a model of the main factors that contributes to the success of information security management.
Design/methodology/approach
A theoretical model was proposed and empirically tested with data collected from a survey of managers who were involved in decision-making regarding their companies’ information security (N = 219). The research model was validated using partial least squares structural equation modeling approach.
Findings
Overall, the model was successful in capturing the main antecedents of information security management performance. The results suggest that with business alignment, top management support and organizational awareness of security risks and controls, effective information security controls can be developed, resulting in successful information security management.
Originality/value
Findings from this study provide several important contributions to both theory and practice. The theoretical model identifies and verifies key factors that impact the success of information security management at the organizational level from a strategic management perspective. It provides practical guidelines for organizations to make more effective information security management.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyse the changes in the functional efficiency of the six Chinese agricultural futures markets and compare the relative behaviour…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyse the changes in the functional efficiency of the six Chinese agricultural futures markets and compare the relative behaviour of different futures markets. In addition, this paper analyses the causes of differences in the functional efficiency of agricultural futures markets and advances policy suggestions.
Design/methodology/approach
The method used in this paper is the social loss index proposed by Stein (1981, 1986). This method can quantitatively measure the functional efficiency of agricultural futures markets from the perspective of social welfare. The indicator is calculated for the 2009–2017 period and for several sub-periods. The data are from the CSMAR research data services in China.
Findings
Preliminary results suggest that the longer it takes for an agricultural futures contract to reach maturity, the lower the functional efficiency of its market. Second, the functional efficiency of the agricultural futures markets in China is improved except for that of the wheat futures market. Finally, the corn futures market is most efficient probably due to the progress of marketization, while the strong wheat futures market is most inefficient probably due to the decrease in futures market liquidity.
Originality/value
This paper uses a more reasonable method to study the functional efficiency of Chinese agricultural futures markets and then analyses the causes of differences in the functional efficiency of agricultural futures markets.
Details
Keywords
Tiebing Shi, Robert Guang Tian, Cindy Zhiling Tu and Chi Lo Lim
This study aims to explore how two affective factors (i.e. brand attachment and consumer affinity) influence host country consumers' responses to an international brand alliance…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore how two affective factors (i.e. brand attachment and consumer affinity) influence host country consumers' responses to an international brand alliance (IBA).
Design/methodology/approach
A two (brand attachment: high vs low) × two (consumer affinity: high vs low) factorial experiment was conducted with 336 US university students. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method was used to test the conceptual model.
Findings
(1) Pre-attachment to the host brand and consumer affinity for the country-of-origin (COO) of the foreign partner brand positively influence attitudes toward the IBA. (2) Attitudes toward the IBA positively influence post-attachment to the host brand, intention to buy the IBA product and willingness to recommend the IBA product. (3) Pre-attachment to the host brand positively influences post-attachment to the host brand.
Originality/value
This study extends the literature on factors influencing attitudes toward IBAs by finding the significant influences of pre-attachment to the host brand and consumer affinity for the COO of the foreign partner brand on host country consumers' responses to IBAs.
Details
Keywords
Swee Leong Sing, Wai Yee Yeong, Florencia Edith Wiria, Bee Yen Tay, Ziqiang Zhao, Lin Zhao, Zhiling Tian and Shoufeng Yang
This paper aims to provide a review on the process of additive manufacturing of ceramic materials, focusing on partial and full melting of ceramic powder by a high-energy laser…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to provide a review on the process of additive manufacturing of ceramic materials, focusing on partial and full melting of ceramic powder by a high-energy laser beam without the use of binders.
Design/methodology/approach
Selective laser sintering or melting (SLS/SLM) techniques are first introduced, followed by analysis of results from silica (SiO2), zirconia (ZrO2) and ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites processed by direct laser sintering and melting.
Findings
At the current state of technology, it is still a challenge to fabricate dense ceramic components directly using SLS/SLM. Critical challenges encountered during direct laser melting of ceramic will be discussed, including deposition of ceramic powder layer, interaction between laser and powder particles, dynamic melting and consolidation mechanism of the process and the presence of residual stresses in ceramics processed via SLS/SLM.
Originality/value
Despite the challenges, SLS/SLM still has the potential in fabrication of ceramics. Additional research is needed to understand and establish the optimal interaction between the laser beam and ceramic powder bed for full density part fabrication. Looking into the future, other melting-based techniques for ceramic and composites are presented, along with their potential applications.
Details
Keywords
Abubakar Garba Bello, David Murray and Jocelyn Armarego
This paper’s purpose is to provide a current best practice approach that can be used to identify and manage bring your own device (BYOD) security and privacy risks faced by…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper’s purpose is to provide a current best practice approach that can be used to identify and manage bring your own device (BYOD) security and privacy risks faced by organisations that use mobile devices as part of their business strategy. While BYOD deployment can provide work flexibility, boost employees’ productivity and be cost cutting for organisations, there are also many information security and privacy issues, with some widely recognised, and others less understood. This paper focuses on BYOD adoption, and its associated risks and mitigation strategies, investigating how both information security and privacy can be effectively achieved in BYOD environments.
Design/methodology/approach
This research paper used a qualitative research methodology, applying the case study approach to understand both organisational and employee views, thoughts, opinions and actions in BYOD environments.
Findings
This paper identifies and understands BYOD risks, threats and influences, and determines effective controls and procedures for managing organisational and personal information resources in BYOD.
Research limitations/implications
The scope of this paper is limited to the inquiry and findings from organisations operating in Australia. This paper also suggests key implications that lie within the ability of organisations to adequately develop and deploy successful BYOD management and practices.
Originality/value
This paper expands previous research investigating BYOD practices, and also provides a current best practice approach that can be used by organisations to systematically investigate and understand how to manage security and privacy risks in BYOD environments.
Details
Keywords
Yung Sin Chong, Keat Hoe Yeoh, Pei Ling Leow and Pei Song Chee
This paper aims to report a stretchable piezoresistive strain sensor array that can detect various static and dynamic stimuli, including bending, normal force, shear stress and…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to report a stretchable piezoresistive strain sensor array that can detect various static and dynamic stimuli, including bending, normal force, shear stress and certain range of temperature variation, through sandwiching an array of conductive blocks, made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite. The strain sensor array induces localized resistance changes at different external mechanical forces, which can be potentially implemented as electronic skin.
Design/methodology/approach
The working principle is the piezoresistivity of the strain sensor array is based on the tunnelling resistance connection between the fillers and reformation of the percolating path when the PDMS and MWCNT composite deforms. When an external compression stimulus is exerted, the MWCNT inter-filler distance at the conductive block array reduces, resulting in the reduction of the resistance. The resistance between the conductive blocks in the array, on the other hand, increases when the strain sensor is exposed to an external stretching force. The methodology was as follows: Numerical simulation has been performed to study the pressure distribution across the sensor. This method applies two thin layers of conductive elastomer composite across a 2 × 3 conductive block array, where the former is to detect the stretchable force, whereas the latter is to detect the compression force. The fabrication of the strain sensor consists of two main stages: fabricating the conducting block array (detect compression force) and depositing two thin conductive layers (detect stretchable force).
Findings
Characterizations have been performed at the sensor pressure response: static and dynamic configuration, strain sensing and temperature sensing. Both pressure and strain sensing are studied in terms of the temporal response. The temporal response shows rapid resistance changes and returns to its original value after the external load is removed. The electrical conductivity of the prototype correlates to the temperature by showing negative temperature coefficient material behaviour with the sensitivity of −0.105 MΩ/°C.
Research limitations/implications
The conductive sensor array can potentially be implemented as electronic skin due to its reaction with mechanical stimuli: compression and stretchable pressure force, strain sensing and temperature sensing.
Originality/value
This prototype enables various static and dynamic stimulus detections, including bending, normal force, shear stress and certain range of temperature variation, through sandwiching an array of conductive blocks, made of MWCNT and PDMS composite. Conventional design might need to integrate different microfeatures to perform the similar task, especially for dynamic force sensing.