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The purpose of this paper is to reveal the dynamical behavior of higher dimensional nonlinear wave by searching for the multi-wave solutions to the (3+1)-D Jimbo-Miwa equation.

The authors apply bilinear form and extended homoclinic test approach to the (3+1)-D Jimbo-Miwa equation.

In this paper, by using bilinear form and extended homoclinic test approach, the authors obtain new cross-kink multi-soliton solutions of the (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation, including the periodic breathertype of kink three-soliton solutions, the cross-kink four-soliton solutions, the doubly periodic breather-type of soliton solutions and the doubly periodic breather-type of cross-kink two-soliton solutions. It is shown that the extended homoclinic test approach, with the help of symbolic computation, provides an effective and powerful mathematical tool for solving higher dimensional nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.

The research manifests that the structures of the solution to higher dimensional nonlinear equations are diversified and complicated.

The methods used in this paper can be widely applied to the research of spatial and temporal characteristics of nonlinear equations in physics and engineering technology. These methods are also conducive for people to know objective laws and grasp the essential features of the development of the world.

The purpose of this paper is to reveal dynamical behavior of nonlinear wave by searching for the new breather soliton and cross two-soliton solutions of the fifth-order Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon (CDG) equation.

The authors apply bilinear form and extended homoclinic test approach to the fifth-order CDG equation.

In this paper, by using bilinear form and extended homoclinic test approach, the authors obtain new breather soliton and cross two-soliton solutions of the fifth-order CDG equation. It is shown that the extended homoclinic test approach, with the help of symbolic computation, provides an effective and powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.

The research manifests that the structures of the solution to nonlinear equations are diversified and complicated.

The methods used in this paper can be widely applied to the research of spatial and temporal characteristics of nonlinear equations in physics and engineering technology. These methods are also conducive for people to know objective laws and grasp the essential features of the development of the world.

This paper aims to explore the impact of digital inclusive finance (DIF) on regional economic growth and innovation-driven development.

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper explores the impact of DIF on economic growth and innovative development.

(1) DIF has a direct positive effect on economic growth and innovative development; (2) there is significant regional heterogeneity in the impact of DIF on economic growth and innovative development. (3) DIF can indirectly affect economic growth and innovative development by increasing residents’ personal disposable income, increasing fiscal expenditure and improving educational level.

Exploring the relationship between them and digital inclusive financial development can provide a reference for national productivity construction and development.

Economic growth and innovation-driven development have been one of the main concerns of China’s policymakers. Exploring the relationship between them, digital inclusive financial development can provide a reference for national productivity construction and development.

This paper aims to examine and highlight the influence of perceived restrictiveness on online communication, and in relation, the reduction of uncertainty in purchasing decisions.

By testing statistical associations between such variables as uncertainty, perceived restrictiveness and online communications, the authors are to establish the prevalence of a phenomenon with quantitative methods that collect survey data from more than 500 real customers of a popular Chinese e-commerce site – Taobao.com.

The findings show that the perceived restrictiveness of a shopping website has a significantly role in motivating individuals to engage with each other by initiating online communication that leads to information acquirement and exchange. In addition, online communication that takes place between buyers and sellers, or among buyers, is found to be an important factor in the process of making purchasing decisions by customers.

This paper adds significance to the extant academic literature as well as assists the appropriate e-commerce vendors in assessing the determinants of customer’s purchasing behavior in the context where online shopping platforms do not support buyers’ desired decision options. It further reconciles and supplements the findings of the previous e-commerce-related studies that focus on the website characteristics only without bringing in the role of customer’s perceived restrictiveness.

This study aims to investigate the attributes that create brand trust in internet retailing extending the work by Ha, and expanding the purchase categories.

Using a two‐phase qualitative and quantitative methodology, 15 in‐depth interviews were conducted followed by written surveys from 199 respondents. Linear regressions were undertaken to test the hypotheses. Further to the empirical research, a new model is proposed.

Regression analysis using Ha's six scales of security, privacy, brand name, word of mouth, information, and (past) experience yielded an R² of only 0.105 for the dependent variable of web brand trust. Similar results were obtained when adding in extra scales (i.e. website design and navigation, returns policy and country of origin), and when completing regression analysis using only the attributes that had a statistically significant correlation with brand trust. The results for all three types of regressions increased to R²≤ 0.165 when the attributes length of time using the internet, length of time purchasing from the internet and frequency of internet purchase on the internet were included.

A limitation of the study was that the sample included only part‐time graduate students from one Australian university. Therefore future research should include respondents from a wider range of ages, income and educational levels.

The study extends the work of Ha to additional cultural and internet retailing contexts. It also introduces a wider range of factors affecting brand trust.

An accurate detection of overhead ground wire under open surroundings with varying illumination is the premise of reliable line grasping with the off-line arm when the inspection robot cross obstacle automatically. This paper aims to propose an improved approach which is called adaptive homomorphic filter and supervised learning (AHSL) for overhead ground wire detection.

First, to decrease the influence of the varying illumination caused by the open work environment of the inspection robot, the adaptive homomorphic filter is introduced to compensation the changing illumination. Second, to represent ground wire more effectively and to extract more powerful and discriminative information for building a binary classifier, the global and local features fusion method followed by supervised learning method support vector machine is proposed.

Experiment results on two self-built testing data sets A and B which contain relative older ground wires and relative newer ground wire and on the field ground wires show that the use of the adaptive homomorphic filter and global and local feature fusion method can improve the detection accuracy of the ground wire effectively. The result of the proposed method lays a solid foundation for inspection robot grasping the ground wire by visual servo.

This method AHSL has achieved 80.8 per cent detection accuracy on data set A which contains relative older ground wires and 85.3 per cent detection accuracy on data set B which contains relative newer ground wires, and the field experiment shows that the robot can detect the ground wire accurately. The performance achieved by proposed method is the state of the art under open environment with varying illumination.

In this paper, we present a new hybrid binary version of bat and enhanced particle swarm optimization algorithm in order to solve feature selection problems. The proposed algorithm is called Hybrid Binary Bat Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (HBBEPSO). In the proposed HBBEPSO algorithm, we combine the bat algorithm with its capacity for echolocation helping explore the feature space and enhanced version of the particle swarm optimization with its ability to converge to the best global solution in the search space. In order to investigate the general performance of the proposed HBBEPSO algorithm, the proposed algorithm is compared with the original optimizers and other optimizers that have been used for feature selection in the past. A set of assessment indicators are used to evaluate and compare the different optimizers over 20 standard data sets obtained from the UCI repository. Results prove the ability of the proposed HBBEPSO algorithm to search the feature space for optimal feature combinations.