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Article
Publication date: 16 January 2017

Zhengyan Zhang and Sanjay Joshi

This paper aims to develop a slice-based representation of geometry and material information of a multi-material object to be produced by additive manufacturing. Representation of…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to develop a slice-based representation of geometry and material information of a multi-material object to be produced by additive manufacturing. Representation of complex heterogeneous material allowing for the additive manufacturing-based build of a wide range of objects that are limited only by the constraints of the manufacturing process.

Design/methodology/approach

Initial 3D CAD models are created with multiple and functionally graded materials using an assembly model to create a single part with well-defined material regions. These models are then sliced to create the geometry and material boundaries required for each layer to enable layer-by-layer fabrication.

Findings

A representation schema is proposed to add multi-material attributes to a sliced file for additive manufacturing using the combination of material index and material geometry region. A modified common layer interface data format is proposed to allow for representation of a wide range of homogeneous and heterogeneous material for each slice. This format allows for a generic input for tool paths to be generated for each material of the layer.

Originality/value

The proposed approach allows for slice data representation for any material combination that can be defined mathematically. Three different material types, namely, composite material, functionally graded materials and combination thereof, are provided as examples. These data form the input data for subsequent tool path planning.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 30 December 2011

Tiedan Huang and Alexander W. Wiseman

Tingting Qi's chapter titled, “Moving toward Decentralization? Changing Education Governance in China After 1985,” provides the historical and policy context for the volume. This…

Abstract

Tingting Qi's chapter titled, “Moving toward Decentralization? Changing Education Governance in China After 1985,” provides the historical and policy context for the volume. This chapter integrates the post-1978 Chinese educational reforms into the socioeconomic context of China. The special contribution of this chapter is that it explores the complexity of educational decentralization in China through an in-depth analysis of changes in education finance, administration, and curriculum. Qi reviews prior studies, government documents, laws, and regulations related to Chinese education reform since 1978 within the context of education decentralization in China. Qi also demonstrates that China's educational policy reforms are moving China toward “centralized decentralization” because decentralization is driven by a common, centralized national goal of economic modernization. The chapter presents evidence that “centralized decentralization” is a strategic maneuver that maintains centralized control while providing the reform legitimacy of decentralization. By focusing on decentralization as the core of Chinese educational policy reforms, this chapter situates the following chapters within the social, cultural, and political context of post-1978 China.

Details

The Impact and Transformation of Education Policy in China
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-186-2

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Book part
Publication date: 6 June 2024

Sun Sun Lim and Yang Wang

Abstract

Details

Digital Parenting Burdens in China: Online Homework, Parent Chats and Punch-in Culture
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-758-1

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Article
Publication date: 12 November 2021

Juliana Villegas, Ruben Guevara and Juan Esteban Escalante

Acknowledging that brands age over time, this paper aims to investigate the exogenous and endogenous factors that influence this phenomenon.

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Abstract

Purpose

Acknowledging that brands age over time, this paper aims to investigate the exogenous and endogenous factors that influence this phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach

The literature on brand ageing is scarce. Through a study of several Colombian organisations that have an international presence, the paper uses a grounded-theory qualitative methodology, including in-depth interviews and documentary brand reviews over a longitudinal time dimension, to perform an analysis of specific aspects that affect brand ageing processes.

Findings

The results revealed that the factors that determine brand ageing can be classified into the following two subgroups: exogenous (conditions of the economic environment, category conditions, entrance of new competitors, ageing current consumers and entry of new consumers) and endogenous (organisational growth, upper management convictions, marketing structure, brand architecture, inappropriate naming and obsolete brand image) factors.

Originality/value

This research provides substantial academic value and insights that allow a better understanding of specific aspects that influence the brand ageing process.

Details

Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, vol. 25 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1352-2752

Keywords

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