Issa Salim Moh’d, Mustafa Omar Mohammed and Buerhan Saiti
This paper aims to identify the appropriate model to address the financial challenges in agricultural sector in Zanzibar. Since the middle of 1960, clove production has…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to identify the appropriate model to address the financial challenges in agricultural sector in Zanzibar. Since the middle of 1960, clove production has continually and significantly decreased because of some problems and challenges that include financial ones. The financial intermediaries such as banks, cooperatives and micro-enterprises provide micro-financing to the farmers with high interest rates along with collateral requirements. The numerous programmes, measures and policies adopted by the relevant parties to find out the solutions to the dwindling clove production have failed.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors will review and examine several existing financial models, identify the issues and challenges of the current financial models and propose an appropriate Islamic financing model.
Findings
The numerous programmes, measures and policies adopted by the relevant parties to find out the solutions to the dwindling clove production have failed. This study, therefore, proposed a Waqf-Muzara’ah-supply chain model to address the financial challenge. Partnership arrangement is also suggested in the model to mitigate the issues of high interest rates and collateral that constrains the financial ability of the farmers and their agricultural output.
Originality/value
The contribution of the agricultural sector to the economic development of Zanzibar Islands is considerable. As one of the important agricultural sectors, the clove industry was the economic backbone of the government of Zanzibar. This study is believed to be a pioneering work; hence, it is the first study that investigates empirically the challenges facing the clove industry in Zanzibar.
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The objective of this study is to estimate leakages in tourism systems. More precisely, the study aims to investigate the sources of the annual requirements in the resorts and to…
Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study is to estimate leakages in tourism systems. More precisely, the study aims to investigate the sources of the annual requirements in the resorts and to identify the triggers for leakages in tourism systems in Zanzibar. It then seeks to explore the challenges that operators face when sourcing the inputs locally. Likewise the study seeks to trace the distribution channel of the tourists arriving in Zanzibar from generating markets.
Design/methodology/approach
Interviews involving 150 resorts were conducted during 2010 in the island of Unguja, where almost 97 percent of Zanzibar's resorts are found. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis were employed.
Findings
The findings reveal massive internal (import‐coefficient leakages) and external leakages that only 16 percent of the resort requirements are sourced within Zanzibar. Unreliable capacity in terms of quantity and quality of the local supplies are among the leading factors that trigger high leakages. Most resorts in Zanzibar are owned, managed and operated by non‐locals. Tourism in this archipelago is revolving around the beach product; whereby the direct charter inclusive tourists, mainly from Europe, dictate the tourism channels. Nevertheless, a number of tourists buy pre‐arranged tours to Zanzibar as an “add‐on” to their mainland Tanzania safaris.
Practical implications
This study lays out the case for the need for more local linkages in the supply chain by revealing the extent to which the accommodation sector depends upon imported as opposed to local goods and services. Practical strategies to minimize leakages are proposed.
Originality/value
An abundance of literature has been written on linkages and leakages in tourism in several destinations. The same amount of work has yet to be done in sub‐Saharan Africa. The choice of Zanzibar is therefore justified.
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The study is specifically aimed at understanding the extent of fuel wood consumption for cooking and the adoption of improved charcoal stoves as a policy option toward reducing…
Abstract
Purpose
The study is specifically aimed at understanding the extent of fuel wood consumption for cooking and the adoption of improved charcoal stoves as a policy option toward reducing the consumption of fuel wood in urban sectors.
Design/methodology/approach
Both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were collected by use of structured questionnaires, interviews and direct field observation. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze data. Based on the research plan, a total of 120 individual households were randomly selected and interviewed.
Findings
The results of the analysis suggested that the majority of people still cook using traditional stoves which consume a great deal of wood to the extent of deteriorating forest resources. Since conventional fuels remain remote for the majority, improved charcoal stoves are perceived as a real option for reducing consumption of wood fuel in urban area and thus arresting the rate of deforestation. However, this can only be realized if the improved charcoal stoves are widely adopted within social systems. Adoption itself results from a series of individual or any unit of adoption to begin using the new stoves. Poor quality of the improved stoves, costs, information and education about the stoves are major factors for the failure to adopt improved charcoal stoves in urban Zanzibar.
Originality/value
The need to revive improved charcoal stoves programs and exploration of alternative sources of energy have been recommended in order to reduce the pressure over forest resources induced by the great demand for fuel wood in urban Zanzibar.
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Michael Barke and Clive Sowden
Histories of the development of tourism have suggested that the most likely process at work is that of diffusion whereby new, and usually more exotic, locations are ‘discovered’…
Abstract
Histories of the development of tourism have suggested that the most likely process at work is that of diffusion whereby new, and usually more exotic, locations are ‘discovered’ by the rich and privileged only for such locations to be later usurped by the development of mass tourism (1). Thus, yet newer and more ‘exclusive’ locations have to be sought by the relatively better‐off tourist. As the Mediterranean has become increasingly accessible to the mass tourist markets of Western Europe and North America there has been a parallel growth of the industry in the Caribbean, the Far East and the Pacific to cater for this smaller but no less significant ‘exclusive’ demand. More recently, the Indian Ocean has also seen tourist development, although in a limited number of locations. Given the continued growth of leisure in the developed world and the restless search for alternative exotic holiday destinations on the part of tour operators and developers, it seems likely that the Indian Ocean could become a major international focus for tourism development up to the end of the twentieth century.
Adam Grzywacz, Małgorzata Kuczara and Aleksandra Wąsowska
The case study presented here discusses the story of Marek, who left his job in a corporation in Poland and set up his dream hotel business in Zanzibar. The first part of his…
Abstract
The case study presented here discusses the story of Marek, who left his job in a corporation in Poland and set up his dream hotel business in Zanzibar. The first part of his story offers an excellent basis for discussing the role of distance in international business and learning the CAGE model. In the second part, the entrepreneur had to face up to the global pandemic, and decide whether to give up on his dreams or cope with the difficulties. Students working with this case thus have an opportunity to put themselves in the shoes of a transnational entrepreneur embedded in two countries, and to learn how a person’s perspective on distance might change in times of crisis.
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Jafari Abdala and Sharifa Juma
The purpose of this study is to evaluate an in-service training (INSET) programme for improving the quality of English language teaching in Zanzibar’s secondary schools…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate an in-service training (INSET) programme for improving the quality of English language teaching in Zanzibar’s secondary schools. Specifically, there were two objectives: i) to explore the teachers’ views on the zanzibar improvement students prospect (ZISP) training programme in improving the English language teaching techniques in secondary schools in Zanzibar and ii) to find out the organisational support provided to teachers when they are using the skills and knowledge acquired from the ZISP teaching programme.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used a qualitative research approach, particularly the case-study design. It used interviews to collect qualitative data that was analysed thematically. Twelve English language teachers from seven secondary schools who had benefited from the ZISP teaching programme and five headmasters from five schools participated in the study as respondents.
Findings
The study found that the ZISP training programme equipped teachers with pedagogical skills useful for preparing lessons and materials, using technology in teaching and providing timely feedback to students. In terms of support, teachers receive materials and motivation from various organisations.
Research limitations/implications
This study focused on ordinary teachers and headmasters. Nevertheless, other studies could use classroom observation, focus group discussion, document review or survey questionnaire to evaluate the impact of the programme and look at how the skills obtained are used in the teaching and learning of the English language. In addition, this study involved 12 participants who were teachers and headmasters, respectively. Other studies could include students, their families, employers and non-teaching staff. This would provide a holistic view of how the stakeholders perceive the INSET programme.
Originality/value
The study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the benefits and organisational support teachers receive after participating in the INSET training programme in Zanzibar. Thus, teachers need regular exposure to INSET so that they improve the quality of their teaching.
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This paper aims to explore how the gendered division of labour in construction sites in Zanzibar influences earnings, resource ownership and wellbeing of female and male…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore how the gendered division of labour in construction sites in Zanzibar influences earnings, resource ownership and wellbeing of female and male construction workers.
Design/methodology/approach
Case studies were made in five construction sites in Zanzibar where informal interviews and questionnaires were used to collect information; a total of 150 construction workers participated.
Findings
Finds that through the gendered division, women are subordinated; and that the social position of women, subjects women to a vicious cycle that hampers acquisition of construction skills.
Research limitations/implications
The research has limited itself to Zanzibar, a society with an influence of Arab culture. Future research in other cultures could be of interest in order to investigate the influence of culture on such studies.
Practical implications
Women need to acquire technical training that would improve their employment situation. Women working on construction sites should not consider themselves as compelled to be in a “fit‐in situation” rather they should reject discriminatory values. The acquisition of construction skills and training should be a strong initiative from women themselves.
Originality/value
This paper establishes how gendered divisions of labour in construction sites influences earning, resource ownership and wellbeing of female and male site workers.
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Chaarani Bacari, Hugues Séraphin and Vanessa G.B. Gowreesunkar
This study offers insights on the sustainable development goals (SDGs) initiatives of five international hotels, namely, Ibis Getafe, NH Hotels, Occidental Hotels and Resorts…
Abstract
Purpose
This study offers insights on the sustainable development goals (SDGs) initiatives of five international hotels, namely, Ibis Getafe, NH Hotels, Occidental Hotels and Resorts, Mariposa Hotel and the Zanzibar Collection. The objective is to show how hoteliers around the world engage in sustainable action. The paper mainly focuses on the Zanzibar Collection, where one of the co-authors served as a hotel general manager.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws on case studies and the narratives that are based on one of the co-authors’ life experiences. Data is derived from a number of case studies which are analysed in an exploratory and descriptive way.
Findings
The findings show that the hotel sector is committed to the SDG, but there are variations in the ways hotels address the SDGs. Based on the findings, it would seem that the hotels studied cover most of the SDGs, as they are seen contributing in the three main spheres of sustainability, namely, the economy, society and the environment.
Originality/value
The five hotels profiled are engaged in responsible action that is sustainable and reduces the ecological impact. These actions have a positive impact on guests, staff and hoteliers. The findings may serve as guidance to hotels which have not yet committed to implementing the SDG goals.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore local residents' perceptions of sustainability of different festivals making festival portfolio in Zanzibar.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore local residents' perceptions of sustainability of different festivals making festival portfolio in Zanzibar.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used multiqualitative methods and comparative case analysis that made use of in-depth interviews, observation and focus group discussion as the data collection techniques. Thematic content analysis was used to describe festivals from residents' point of views.
Findings
The results indicate residents to perceive two broader types of festivals: Ours and Theirs that have different impacts on sustainability of the festivals.
Research limitations/implications
The ours and theirs dichotomy of festivals from residents' perspectives extends the conceptualization of festivals. In line with the event portfolio framework, the emerged types of festival aid event planners with understanding and managing the events with the aim of making the festival and the destinations sustainable.
Originality/value
The bifurcated perception of festival ownership provides a complimentary theoretical lens that can be applied to explain the festival workings and management that emphasize the need for places to have festival portfolio catering for different segments.
TANZANIA: Zanzibar dispute risks broader poll crisis