The purpose of this paper is to illustrate and discuss the implications of the assessment and choice of electricity supply systems for rural communities of less than 500…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate and discuss the implications of the assessment and choice of electricity supply systems for rural communities of less than 500 inhabitants in Senegal. The paper is based on a study produced by Programme pour la Promotion de l'Electrification Rurale et l'Approvisionnement en Combustibles Domestiques, an advising body for the Senegalese Ministry of Energy and Mines.
Design/methodology/approach
The profitability index Taux d'Enrichissement en Capital is used as the main criterion for the economic evaluation of four technologies: diesel mini‐grids, photovoltaic, hybrid (pv‐diesel) generators, and solar home systems. Household demand is derived from real data of socio‐economic studies which serve as the basis for determining market segments defined by the distribution of the willingness to pay and the levels of service.
Findings
The simulations from nine demand cases show that high investment and/or operation expenditure create an insurmountable barrier given the limited payment capacity of rural populations, demonstrating that projects in this context are not profitable without subsidies. However, decentralised PV generation technologies are already demonstrated to be the least cost solution when the village lies further than 5.4 kilometers from the transmission grid.
Originality/value
This paper describes a planning path that could enable a faster implementation of rural electrification programs in remote areas considering three main elements, namely; willingness to pay, reduction of levels of supply service and support of communal management. However, the focus of the present work is mainly devoted to an analysis of the first two elements. Finally, the paper addresses the issue of how these technologies can be better implemented by national agencies and investors, with potential application outside of the Senegalese case study.
Details
Keywords
Zaida Berdecia-Cruz, Jose A. Flecha and Maribel Ortiz
The innovative mentality, it has been found that it is poorly addressed, which in turn does not provide clear delineations in academic literature. The innovative mentality is an…
Abstract
Purpose
The innovative mentality, it has been found that it is poorly addressed, which in turn does not provide clear delineations in academic literature. The innovative mentality is an opposition to the traditional innovative culture and that this is observed indirectly through the new forms of action of the younger generations. The purpose of this study aims to seek to provide answers by analyzing how the innovative mentality of leaders 40 years of age and under impacts the transformational or transactional leadership styles. Second, this research analyzes whether the leadership style used in the “40 Under 40” impacts an innovative organizational behavior that positively drives toward organizational success.
Design/methodology/approach
The partial least squares structural equations method (PLS-SEM) is used to analyze a set of hypotheses to 103 professionals awarded the 40 under 40 of Caribbean Business Magazine in Puerto Rico between 2012 and 2016. The unit of analysis were young professionals recognized as the “40 Under 40” by the Caribbean Business Magazine in Puerto Rico between 2012 and 2016.
Findings
The study results contribute a novel theory about a new style of leadership, based on innovative mentality as a central axis, when combining different leadership styles. The second study examined whether there are significant differences between male and female gender through the proposed research model. The results reflect when the organizational innovative behavior is analyzed, the transactional leadership role used by women is highlighted.
Originality/value
This study distinguishes the “40 Under 40” from other leaders and has allowed their enterprises to be successful is their innovative leadership style, which is executed through their innovative mentality.