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Article
Publication date: 11 October 2024

Nnanna P. Azu, Samuel O. Adekalu, Yusuf Isa and Joshua O. Chiadikobi

This study aims to assess how South African membership to the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) has influenced its traded sector. It also evaluated information…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to assess how South African membership to the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) has influenced its traded sector. It also evaluated information and communication technology (ICT) as an instrument for enhancing bilateral trade.

Design/methodology/approach

ICT was captured from three perspectives: mobile technology, internet usage and fixed telephones. It was integrated into an augmented gravity equation as a trade cost. The study covered 27 years and 181 South African trading partners. Estimation was done using the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimation technique and the implementation of exporter-year and importer-year fixed effects.

Findings

It was revealed that mobile phone and fixed telephone subscriptions improve import and export by 4.66% and 1.79%, respectively, while the internet penetration rate negates export and import by 13.4% and 5.89%, respectively. However, it further demonstrates that the internet penetration rate and fixed telephone subscription reduced the negative impact of distance by 7.26% and 1.15% for export. ICT performed better when South Africa only traded with the BRICS countries. The report also shows an encouraging BRICS effect on South African bilateral trade with the bloc.

Practical implications

The study highlights that BRICS membership significantly boosts South Africa’s bilateral trade, which encourages new African memberships, while also emphasising the role of ICT in mitigating the negative impact of distance. Policymakers should enhance mobile phone and fixed telephone infrastructures to improve imports and exports, respectively, and strategically manage internet penetration to maximise the benefits of BRICS economic cooperation.

Originality/value

The study evaluated the influence of South Africa’s BRICS membership and how ICT variables interact with distance to mitigate its effects on trade. This provides a nuanced understanding of ICT’s unique impact on South Africa’s bilateral trade, offering valuable insights for policymakers to enhance trade performance and leverage BRICS economic cooperation effectively.

Details

Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, vol. 23 no. 2/3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-0024

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Book part
Publication date: 6 May 2024

Ahmed Hassanein and Hana Tharwat

This chapter explores the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) from an Islamic Shari'ah-compliant perspective. It provides a comprehensive literature review on CSR…

Abstract

This chapter explores the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) from an Islamic Shari'ah-compliant perspective. It provides a comprehensive literature review on CSR with an explicit focus on the Islamic perspective of CSR, Islamic models of CSR, CSR practices in conventional and Islamic banks, and the consequences of CSR to Islamic banks. This chapter's main contribution lies in considering the current CSR literature from a Shari'ah perspective. Likewise, it identifies gaps in the current literature and suggests potential areas for future research. This chapter attempts to improve the understanding of how Islamic banks integrate social responsibility into their operations. The insights from this chapter are helpful to practitioners and academic scholars in Islamic finance, accounting, and CSR. This chapter emphasizes the importance of incorporating Islamic values and principles into CSR practices and encourages further research and investigation in this area.

Details

The Emerald Handbook of Ethical Finance and Corporate Social Responsibility
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-406-7

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Article
Publication date: 27 August 2021

Anas Sani Maihulla, Ibrahim Yusuf and Muhammad Salihu Isa

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is commonly used as a renewable energy source to provide electrical power to customers. This research establishes a method for testing the performance…

252

Abstract

Purpose

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is commonly used as a renewable energy source to provide electrical power to customers. This research establishes a method for testing the performance reliability of large grid-connected PV power systems. Solar PV can turn unrestricted amounts of sunlight into energy without releasing carbon dioxide or other contaminants into the atmosphere. Because of these advantages, large-scale solar PV generation has been increasingly incorporated into power grids to meet energy demand. The capability of the installation and the position of the PV are the most important considerations for a utility company when installing solar PV generation in their system. Because of the unpredictability of sunlight, the amount of solar penetration in a device is generally restricted by reliability constraints. PV power systems are made up of five PV modules, with three of them needing to be operational at the same time. In other words, three out of five. Then there is a charge controller and a battery bank with three batteries, two of which must be consecutively be in operation. i.e. two out of three. Inverter and two distributors, all of which were involved at the same time. i.e. two out of two. In order to evaluate real-world grid-connected PV networks, state enumeration is used. To measure the reliability of PV systems, a collection of reliability indices has been created. Furthermore, detailed sensitivity tests are carried out to examine the effect of various factors on the efficiency of PV power systems. Every module's test results on a realistic 10-kW PV system. To see how the model works in practice, many scenarios are considered. Tables and graphs are used to show the findings.

Design/methodology/approach

The system of first-order differential equations is formulated and solved using Laplace transforms using regenerative point techniques. Several scenarios were examined to determine the impact of the model under consideration. The calculations were done with Maple 13 software.

Findings

The authors get availability, reliability, mean time to failure (MTTF), MTTF sensitivity and gain feature in this research. To measure the reliability of PV systems, a collection of reliability indices has been created. Furthermore, detailed sensitivity tests are carried out to examine the effect of various factors on the efficiency of PV power systems.

Originality/value

This is the authors' original copy of the paper. Because of the importance of the study, the references are well-cited. Nothing from any previously published articles or textbooks has been withdrawn.

Details

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 39 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-671X

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Article
Publication date: 8 September 2022

Umar Habibu Umar, Abubakar Isa Jibril and Sulaiman Musa

This study aims to examine the effects of audit committee attributes on corporate philanthropic donations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the effects of audit committee attributes on corporate philanthropic donations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

The study targets Nigeria’s listed firms between 2019 and 2020. We hand-collected the data from the available published annual reports of 141 and 128 firms for 2019 and 2020, respectively. Therefore, the authors used a total of 269 firm-year observations for the study. The authors used ordinary least square regression to analyze the data and Tobit regression to establish the robustness of the results.

Findings

The results indicate that the frequency of audit committee meetings has a significant positive relationship with corporate philanthropic donations before and during COVID-19. In the case of audit committee independence, it has only a significant positive relationship with corporate philanthropic donations during the pandemic. However, the findings reveal that audit committee size and foreign directors on the audit committee do not influence corporate philanthropic donations before and during COVID-19.

Research limitations/implications

The study considers audit committee characteristics out of the corporate governance mechanisms that can influence the philanthropic donations of the listed firms in Nigeria over two years from 2019 and 2020.

Practical implications

The findings have practical implications for encouraging the audit committee to support philanthropic donations for the welfare of the poor and the needy, particularly in difficult times like the COVID-19 period. The results could also help regulators and policymakers to provide regulations and policies that can encourage firms to participate actively in philanthropic activities to their best ability.

Social implications

Motivating firms to provide philanthropic donations for the welfare of underprivileged persons could strongly support the government’s effort to minimize the socioeconomic problems caused by COVID-19.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the scant literature that establishes the impact of audit committee attributes on firm philanthropic donations toward helping the poor and the needy in difficult periods.

Details

Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, vol. 23 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-0701

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Article
Publication date: 16 February 2024

Umar Habibu Umar, Jamilu Sani Shawai, Anthony Kolade Adesugba and Abubakar Isa Jibril

This study aims to evaluate how audit committee (AC) characteristics affect the performance of banks in Africa.

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate how audit committee (AC) characteristics affect the performance of banks in Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors manually generated unbalanced panel data from 78 commercial banks operating in twelve (12) countries whose annual reports were published on the website of African Financials between 2010 and 2020.

Findings

The results indicate that AC size has an insignificant positive association with bank performance (return on equity and Tobin’s Q). AC independence has a significant positive association with bank performance. However, AC gender diversity has a significant negative association with bank performance. Besides, AC financial expertise has a significant positive and negative association with return on equity and Tobin’s Q, respectively.

Research limitations/implications

The study considered only 78 banks that operate in twelve (12) African countries. Besides, the authors consider only four (4) AC attributes.

Practical implications

The findings suggest the need to maintain a smaller AC, appoint more independent members to AC, reduce the number of women appointed to AC and ensure most AC members have financial expertise. These measures could improve bank performance in Africa.

Originality/value

Unlike previous African studies that are mostly restricted to a country level, the study examined how AC attributes influence the performance of banks that operate in Africa.

Details

Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, vol. 24 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-0701

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Article
Publication date: 12 January 2015

Muhammad Khalique, Nick Bontis, Jamal Abdul Nassir bin Shaari and Abu Hassan Md. Isa

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the links between intellectual capital sub-components and organizational performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operating in…

4071

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the links between intellectual capital sub-components and organizational performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operating in the electrical and electronics manufacturing sector in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through structured questionnaires from a sample of 247 respondents from Pakistani SMEs in Gujranwala and Gujarat. Several tests were used to examine the reliability and validity of the research instrument. Finally, multiple regression analysis was used to test the proposed research hypotheses.

Findings

The findings of this study demonstrate that the overall regression model of intellectual capital shows goodness of fit while one component of intellectual capital – namely human capital – appeared insignificant. Subsequently, six out of seven research hypotheses was accepted.

Practical implications

This study will provide a valuable framework for entrepreneurs, executives, managers and policy makers in managing intellectual capital within the Pakistani context.

Originality/value

To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first empirical study that has been conducted on SMEs operating in the electrical and electronics manufacturing sector in Pakistan.

Details

Journal of Intellectual Capital, vol. 16 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1469-1930

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Article
Publication date: 29 November 2022

Umar Habibu Umar, Abubakar Isa Jibril and Sulaiman Musa

This study aims to investigate the impact of board attributes on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure of the listed firms before (2019) and during (2020) COVID-19…

555

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of board attributes on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure of the listed firms before (2019) and during (2020) COVID-19 in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were manually extracted from the annual reports of all the listed companies that published their reports for the years. A total of 266 firm-year observations were generated, comprising 140 and 126 observations for 2019 and 2020, respectively.

Findings

The results indicate that the frequency of board meetings and foreign directors on the board significantly influence CSR expenditure before and during COVID-19. Board independence had a significant positive association with CSR expenditure before COVID-19 but insignificantly positive during it. However, board size and gender diversity do not influence CSR expenditure before and during COVID-19.

Research limitations/implications

The study used secondary data from the annual reports to compare the impact of board attributes on the CSR expenditures of listed firms in Nigeria between 2019 and 2020.

Practical implications

Providing effective CSR regulations and incentives could motivate or mandate the board of directors to incur CSR expenditure within the company’s financial capacity for society’s welfare, particularly under challenging times like COVID-19.

Social implications

Encouraging firms to incur more CSR expenditures to their ability will contribute to poverty alleviation and improve socio-economic development.

Originality/value

This study is one of the few that investigated the effects of board characteristics on CSR expenditure for the welfare of the poor and the needy. Besides, it uniquely focused on comparing the results before and during COVID-19.

Details

Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, vol. 21 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1985-2517

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Book part
Publication date: 28 November 2024

Obinna S. Chima, Daniel E. Gberevbie, Moses M. Duruji and Ugochukwu D. Abasilim

This study examines the improvement of rice production in Nigeria through the government’s policy of the Anchor Borrowers’ Programme (ABP). Rationalized by the production theory…

Abstract

This study examines the improvement of rice production in Nigeria through the government’s policy of the Anchor Borrowers’ Programme (ABP). Rationalized by the production theory, the study utilizes quantitative methods such as surveys. The study investigates the influence of ABP on rice production, with particular emphasis on the experiences of smallholder rice farmers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional survey research approach, and the target population comprised smallholder rice farmers in the state who have benefitted from ABP. The study obtained a representative sample of 400 respondents through stratified random sampling. The study adopts the administration of a structured questionnaire with rice farmers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, as the primary data collection method. Regression was used to test the hypotheses in SPSS version 23. From the findings, the study reveals the need for the ABP, banks and other lending agencies/programmes to train farmers. It shows that modern farming contributes to rice production in Ebonyi State.

Details

Sustainable Agricultural Practices: Economic and Environmental Implications
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-337-5

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Article
Publication date: 19 March 2020

Yusuf Dinc

As the global paradigm in economics shifts, Islamic economics is attracting more attention as an alternative sector. The most common and most active institutional structure of…

609

Abstract

Purpose

As the global paradigm in economics shifts, Islamic economics is attracting more attention as an alternative sector. The most common and most active institutional structure of Islamic economics is in the form of Islamic finance and banking. Islamic finance and banking have been the centre of innovation in many economies in recent years. In this regard, product development is a vital element in driving the success of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs). The product development of IFIs is one of the key elements of their overall economic performance. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature concerning the product development process of IFIs in secular economies.

Design/methodology/approach

Verily, product development is a complex process; it is likely that introducing specific models will be useful for expanding the activities of IFIs. In this study, contemporary source materials are used to develop this conceptual research.

Findings

It suggests two separate methodologies for the product development process of IFIs in secular economies to overhaul two criticised product-based problems. To the best of the author’s knowledge, it is the first attempt to model the product development process for IFIs in a secular economic setup.

Originality/value

Recently, this study is the first attempt for modelling product development in IFIs under secular economies. Advances in the field of Shari’ah-compliant product development is important for researchers and professional.

Details

Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, vol. 11 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0817

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1995

Magda El‐Sherbini

Najib Mahfuz is the first Arab‐language author to win the Nobel Prize in literature. Born in 1911 the son of a middle‐class Jamaliyah merchant, he became the most popular novelist…

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Abstract

Najib Mahfuz is the first Arab‐language author to win the Nobel Prize in literature. Born in 1911 the son of a middle‐class Jamaliyah merchant, he became the most popular novelist in Egypt and the Arab countries.

Details

Reference Services Review, vol. 23 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0090-7324

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