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This study aimed to investigate the process of nominalization in English, German, and Indonesian, utilizing a contrastive analysis approach, and to apply the findings to teaching English to Indonesian learners of German.

This mixed-method study used an exploratory sequential design. The qualitative method used contrastive analysis to focus on the nominalization process in English, Indonesian, and German, and the quantitative method assessed student responses related to the developed English teaching material.

The study found similarities and differences in the nominalization process between the languages, with nominalization occurring by adding various affixations. Most students considered the learning materials developed based on the findings of contrastive analysis to help understand the nominalization process in English.

The study’s findings hold significant implications for the global application of foreign language teaching, particularly in English as the first foreign language (FL1) or as the second foreign language (FL2). The research suggests that an effective method of teaching English grammar involves providing examples equivalent to those used in the learner’s first language or other languages. These results may contribute to developing pedagogical practices and enhancing language learners' proficiency in FL1 and FL2 contexts.

This study contributes to the existing literature by comparing the nominalization process in German, Indonesian, and English and explaining how the results of contrastive analysis can be applied in teaching English to Indonesian students majoring in German.

This study investigated the use of language impoliteness of primary school teachers in communicating with their students during the learning process.

The methodology of this study used a mixed-method approach by involving 100 primary school teachers in the fifth and sixth grades. The researcher used the language politeness/impoliteness scale developed by Mantasiah et al. (2019) to measure teachers' language impoliteness. This scale was developed based on Brown and Levinson's theory who divided politeness maxims into six consisting of tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, appreciation maxim, agreement maxim and sympathy maxim. The levels of teachers' language impoliteness were divided into five categories (5 = always, 4 = often, 3 = sometimes, 2 = rarely, 1 = never).

The finding shows that 28% of teachers were in the sometimes category and 33% of teachers were in the rarely category. The results signify that some teachers tend to speak impolitely with the students during the learning process. They considered that it was acceptable as they did not know the negative effects caused by their impolite language. Moreover, teachers were more likely to violate sympathy, tact and agreement maxims than other maxims.

The finding of this study can be applied generally at all levels of education, ranging from primary education to higher education, as a base to develop a program to improve the soft skills of teachers especially the way teachers communicate with their students in the learning process. By understanding language politeness theory, the awareness of teachers in communicating in the learning process can be improved, which can affect positively to the quality of learning process.

Numerous studies conducted on communication skills of teachers focused on using communication sciences approach. This study tried to use another approach to portray the communication skills of teachers based on language politeness uttered using linguistics approach. Moreover, previous studies preferred to conduct language politeness and impoliteness of teachers in senior high schools and lecturers in university, and there is still lack of studies focusing on language politeness of primary school teachers.

This study aims to investigate the language features (framing analysis) used in reporting climate change issues in online media and their potential effect on triggering reader apathy.

The research adopts a mixed-method approach, combining discourse analysis and survey. The data for this research is derived from news articles published between 2023 and 2024 in Indonesia’s three largest online media platforms. The Apathy Evaluation Scale assessed 305 people’s apathetic attitudes toward climate change.

The findings reveal that many respondents exhibit moderate apathy toward climate change issues. The research establishes a correlation between the frequency of news consumption and apathetic attitudes toward climate change. The findings identify four aspects that are likely to contribute to triggering apathetic behavior among readers of online media reporting on climate change: the dominant focus of the news, the explanation of potential impacts of climate change, contextual factors and the clarity of information sources.

This study offers valuable recommendations for policymakers and relevant organizations, empowering them to develop effective educational initiatives and formulate impactful climate change reporting strategies in mass media. These findings can motivate action and change, ensuring a more informed and engaged public.

More research is still needed on framing analysis of reporting on climate change issues in online media using language framing theory. The findings of this research have the potential to make a substantial contribution to the advancement of science, particularly in linking language and the environment.

In the highly competitive sector of state-owned enterprises in Indonesia, particularly within the electricity group, innovation is crucial for sustainability and growth. This study investigates the impact of transformational leadership and knowledge management on innovation performance, emphasizing the mediating role of innovation capability.

Employing a quantitative approach, this research focuses on the upper management of 11 companies, gathering data from 196 out of 280 surveyed individuals through structured questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized for analysis.

Our analysis reveals a dual role of transformational leadership; while it significantly enhances innovation capability, it unexpectedly detracts from innovation performance. Conversely, knowledge management boosts both innovation capability and performance. Significantly, innovation capability serves as a crucial mediator, amplifying the effects of both transformational leadership and knowledge management on innovation performance. These results highlight complex interdependencies within organizational leadership and knowledge frameworks.

These findings can guide organizations in refining leadership and knowledge management strategies to bolster innovation. By enhancing transformational leadership skills, implementing robust knowledge management systems and fostering innovation capabilities, companies can better navigate the complexities of the modern market. The adaptation of these strategies should consider specific organizational cultures and market dynamics to optimize performance.

This research extends the resource-based view (RBV) by detailing the interplay between key organizational variables, offering fresh insights into their collective impact on innovation within the context of state-owned enterprises in Indonesia.

Tapered steel sections are widely used in house building design due to their structural efficiency and aesthetic appearance. Due to the practical usage of web tapering specifications in the metal building industry, fabrication and material expenses are analyzed to achieve geometric and economic productivity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of utilizing web profiles with openings in reducing the weight of steel beams.

In this paper, the nonlinear analysis of the bending behavior of a tapered steel section with an opening was studied by finite element analysis. The results were then compared with those of the tapered steel section without an opening in terms of displacement and yield moment.

The bending capacity of a tapered steel section was analyzed using finite element analysis. Results showed that the tapered steel section without openings had a higher bending capacity compared to the section with various sizes of web openings. The results also showed that decreasing the number of openings would increase the bending capacity, whereas increasing the size of the opening would decrease it. The difference in the yield moment between the tapered steel section with and without openings was only 15.818%. A total of 60 nonlinear analyses were conducted to investigate the effect of the number and size of web openings, flange thickness and web thickness on the bending behavior. However, this study showed that web opening with octagon shape and 0.6D size of web opening, where D is the depth of section, showed the best section in terms of yield moment and volume reduction compared to other opening size and shape.

It is also found that tapered steel section has better moment resistance in thicker flange and web. The study is valuable for engineers and designers who work with steel structures and need to optimize the performance of tapered steel sections with web openings.

The issue of quality assurance in vocational and technical education (VTE) programs identifies a perilous need to develop a conceptual framework for teaching and learning standards. This study aims to identify standard components for teaching and learning to ensure quality delivery for the achievement of VTE objectives. The quality assurance framework for teaching and learning is envisioned as a closed-loop management process that functions as an effective operational scheme to coordinate teaching processes that support the structure for quality assurance in VTE programs.

Survey data were collected through a questionnaire developed to examine the quality standards for teaching and learning in VTE from 259 respondents from colleges of education. The identified quality components for teaching and learning and their quality indicators were analysed.

The conceptual framework for teaching and learning with the 12 quality components and 62 quality indicators is the key standard for improving quality teaching and learning to meet the desired goals of VTE programs.

The framework proposed is flexible and can be applied to many other programs to ensure that teachers are professional enough to teach effectively to provide adequate learning outcomes.

This study aims to investigate some factors that might drive Muslims in Indonesia to get involved in a French brands boycott movement by examining the moderating role of brand judgment and counterargument.

An online survey has been conducted to 1,063 respondents from all over Indonesia. The respondents are selected using the purposive sampling technique. The model is assessed using covariance-based structural equation modeling, which includes the assessment of measurement and structural model. An interaction moderation technique is applied to examine the effect of moderators on the structural model.

This study shows that the French brand boycott is strongly affected by consumer animosity, perceived efficacy and subjective norms. Moreover, this study also found that the effect of animosity on boycott intention is dampened by brand judgment and counterargument.

First, multinational companies are advised to be careful in creating a campaign. They should avoid sensitive words or the use of specific figures or places highly respected by Muslims. A sensitive campaign might spread hatred, and it is directly connected with the boycott movement based on history. Second, it is pivotal for multinational companies to focus more on product or brand values instead of controversial issues. Finally, multinational companies are also advised to strengthen brand love. When brand love is strong, it is difficult for them to stop patronizing the brand or even switch to other brands.

Prior studies’ findings are still inconclusive in explaining some factors that lead to the success of a boycott call-to-action. Therefore, this study contributes to boycott literature by revealing the importance of brand judgment and counterargument to moderate consumer animosity and boycott intention link.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of intensity of market competition and strategic orientation on the adoption of green initiatives among public listed companies (PLCs) in Malaysia.

A questionnaire survey was distributed to all 921 PLCs, and 120 samples were analysed. This study used a statistical tool named partial least squares – structural equation modelling (PLS–SEM) for data analysis. Interviews were also conducted with a few selected companies to obtain in-depth information on green practices.

The findings of this paper reveal that strategic orientation significantly influences the adoption of green initiatives in Malaysian PLCs while the intensity of market competition does not. Competition on green products or services is not prevalent yet in Malaysia; hence, PLCs are reluctant to make huge investment in green activities. The extent of green initiatives adoption in Malaysian PLCs is just at a moderate level, suggesting that Malaysian PLCs are not so proactive but in the progressing stage of practicing green. PLCs still need some incentives to adopt more green initiatives.

The present study only focussed on the green initiatives adoption in Malaysian PLCs; hence, the research findings may not be generalizable to other countries. This study only considered the contingency theory and stakeholder theory. Due to the time and cost constraints, the data were collected at only one single point of time; thus, it may inherit the usual limitations of cross-sectional data.

The findings of this study also give empirical evidence to the practitioners that their decisions to adopt green initiatives are significantly influenced by certain factors. Companies need to understand the key drivers of their green initiatives in order for them to meet the green challenges and to ultimately derive performance from their implementations. Regulatory authorities and financial institutions could facilitate and encourage for the effective implementation of green initiatives by providing more incentives and facilities.

The findings of this study that provide the forces of green initiatives would arouse more environmental concerns among individuals, organizations, and society. The findings of this study also open an eye to the society that commitment of everyone, including upper and lower level of position, is needed in order to create the culture of green for the benefit of society as a whole.

This study contributes to the environmental management literature in the context of green and sustainable development, and to nurture green practices among industries and society for the aims to achieve the sustainability agenda. This study is conducted to explain the motivation behind the proactive decisions on sustainability practices. The current literature on green issues and sustainability provides limited evidence on what really drives companies to practice green.

The purpose of this paper is to extend the slippery slope framework by exploring different dimensions of compliance quality and tax minimisation under different tax climate manipulation by groups.

The authors run a random assignment of tax climate manipulations through questionnaire with 301 usable data collected from the full-time postgraduate students, employed individuals and self-employed individuals. Manipulation check and results are generated via multivariate analysis of variance.

The results confirm the biggest impact of synergistic climate on voluntary compliance, and small to medium impact of antagonistic climate on tax evasion across three groups.

The manipulation of this research is constrained with two treatments in addition to the common pitfall of social desired responses of self-report.

Theoretically, this study empirically explores tax minimisation dimensions and provides new insights that only illegal tax minimisation is at maximum under the prevailing negative antagonistic climate, but not for legal tax minimisation. Second, the effect of tax climate represented by trust and power on enforced compliance is minimal, as compared to the strong effect of positive synergistic climate on voluntary compliance. As for policy implications, possible guidelines and interventions are outlined to policy makers which would lead to a better quality of compliance behaviour.

This study operationalises and manipulates tax climate from perceptions of trust, legitimate power and coercive power. It also further affirms the prior inconsistent findings in respect of tax behavioural intentions due to sampling group and cultural differences.

This study aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of professional commitment, customer risk and independence pressure on money laundering risk judgment among bank analysts.

This study uses a within-subjects experimental research design and collects primary data via a questionnaire distributed to bank analysts in banking institutions in Malaysia.

Results show that professional commitment, customer risk and independence pressure significantly influence money laundering risk judgment (i.e. customer due diligence and money laundering reporting). The results also show significant interaction effects between customer risk and independence pressure in influencing money laundering risk judgment.

Professional commitment and situational factors are crucial in putting pressure on bank analysts responsible for performing a thorough check and due diligence to minimize money laundering risk to the bank.

As money laundering is lifeblood of crimes, understanding the factors influencing money laundering risk judgment would assist the affected institutions to manage the risk better and contribute towards the fight against crimes.

This study focuses on money laundering risk judgment. It contributes to understanding the competency of the gatekeepers, such as bank analysts, in practicing professional commitment and dealing with situational factors.