Junfeng Sun, Haitao Zhang, Guangyuan Wu, Zuoqiang Liu, Yuping Feng and Minghao Jia
In order to give full play to the function of noise reduction of asphalt pavement, it is necessary to understand its internal sound absorption mechanism. Therefore, the purpose of…
Abstract
Purpose
In order to give full play to the function of noise reduction of asphalt pavement, it is necessary to understand its internal sound absorption mechanism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to establish a micro model of the pore structure of asphalt mixture with the help of finite element method (FEM), discuss the noise reduction mechanism of asphalt pavement from the micro perspective and analyze and evaluate the noise attenuation law of the pore structure.
Design/methodology/approach
The FEM was used to establish the microscopic model of the pore structure of asphalt mixture. Based on the principle of acoustics, the noise reduction characteristics of asphalt pavement were simulated. The influence of gradation and pore characteristics on the noise reduction performance of asphalt pavement was analyzed.
Findings
The results show that the open graded friction course-13 (OGFC-13) has excellent performance in noise reduction. The resonant sound absorption structure composed of its large porosity can effectively reduce the pavement noise. For asphalt concrete-13 (AC-13) and stone matrix asphalt-13 (SMA-13), the less resonant sound absorption structure makes them have poor sound absorption effect. In addition, the variation rules of noise transmission loss (TL) curve and sound absorption coefficient curve of three graded asphalt mixtures were obtained. At the same time, the peak noise reduction values of OGFC-13, AC-13 and SMA-13 were obtained, which were 650Hz, 1000Hz and 800Hz, respectively.
Originality/value
The results show that the simulation results can well reflect and express the experimental results. This will provide a reference for further exploring the sound absorption mechanism and its variation rule of porous asphalt pavement. It also has some positive significance for the application of low noise asphalt pavement.
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The purpose of this paper is to make objective descriptions on various money‐laundering techniques and to put forward countermeasures in order to combat money laundering more…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to make objective descriptions on various money‐laundering techniques and to put forward countermeasures in order to combat money laundering more effectively and efficiently.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper based on 20 simplified money‐laundering cases, describes various money‐laundering techniques, analyses the reasons why these methods prevail, and points out the future efforts to be made in the fight against money laundering.
Findings
As usual, the ways of money laundering include cash smuggling, making use of banks or insurance company, or making use of shell‐company or front‐company. Nowadays, criminals also turn to real estate, lottery, international trade, offshore company to launder money. Sometimes lawyers, accountants are exploited by money launderers. With the wide use of electronic money and internet, criminals prefer to launder money through non‐face to face transactions. The fight against money laundering is the fight between justice and evil. It is of great importance to pierce the secret veil of money laundering so that we can combat money laundering more effectively and efficiently.
Originality/value
This paper prevents a comprehensive description of, and comments on, various money‐laundering techniques and future efforts to be made in the fight against money laundering, which would be beneficial to policy makers, enforcement authorities, and judicial professionals.
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Chunhao Li, Yuping Zhao and Wei Feng Chen
This study aims to investigate the dual effects of commitment-based governance on the relationship between formal control and public–private partnership (PPP) project performance…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the dual effects of commitment-based governance on the relationship between formal control and public–private partnership (PPP) project performance. Formal control and relationship governance are two primary forms of inter-organizational governance that affect project performance. However, little is known about the interplay between formal control and commitment and its effect on PPP projects. More specifically, previous studies have failed to distinguish the function routes of relationship governance resulting from different types of formal control (process and outcome control).
Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a questionnaire survey to empirically investigate the mechanism that commitment-based governance influences the relationship between formal control and PPP performance. After collecting data from public and private sector professionals involved in 101 Chinese PPP projects, the theoretical framework proposed in this paper is verified by the empirical results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis.
Findings
The results show that process control has an inverted U-shaped effect and outcome control has a significant positive influence on PPP project performance. Furthermore, commitment moderates the effect of formal control on PPP project performance by increasing the relevance of outcome control and mediates the inverted U-shaped relationship between process control and PPP project performance.
Practical implications
Managers should recognize that process control is a double-edged sword and prevent the overuse of process control. Managers should direct their attention toward efforts to improve the commitment, which allows for the effectiveness of outcome control strategies. Additionally, this study new measurement method for relationship governance suggests that managers should be aware of the difference in parties' perceptions of the relationship.
Originality/value
This study allows for a comprehensive understanding of the relationship governance-control nexus from a commitment perspective. The authors bring into light the dual role of commitment-based governance in the relationship between the two types of formal control and PPP project performance. Moreover, the new approach to measure relationship governance offers valuable insight into the measurement of variables about individual's perception.
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This study explores the impact of parents’ and children’s early expectations on children’s later school persistence and completion of compulsory and secondary education, paying…
Abstract
This study explores the impact of parents’ and children’s early expectations on children’s later school persistence and completion of compulsory and secondary education, paying special attention to the parent-child agreement in early educational expectations. Results from analyzing longitudinal data from the Gansu Survey of Children and Families (GSCF) show that children often carry educational expectations quite different from their parents’. Consistent with previous research, children’s and their parents’ early expectations are strong predictors of children’s later educational attainment. More importantly, the analysis reveals that children benefit greatly when they share with their parents’ high expectations. Those children whose high expectations aligned with their parents fair best in later educational outcomes: They are more likely to complete compulsory education and secondary education. The combined determination of parents and children can help moderate the negative impact of poverty and facilitate children’s continued efforts in fulfilling their expectations. This positive impact holds even for children from the most impoverished families. This study points to the importance to recognize that there are non-material resources that family could provide to advance children’s education.
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Leila Khoshghadam, Elika Kordrostami and Yuping Liu-Thompkins
This paper aims to examine the role of life satisfaction in consumers’ reaction to nostalgic music in an advertisement in terms of attitude toward the brand and purchase…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the role of life satisfaction in consumers’ reaction to nostalgic music in an advertisement in terms of attitude toward the brand and purchase intention. It suggests that life satisfaction forms the lens through which individuals interpret and reconstruct past emotional experiences evoked by nostalgia. It further investigates the role of product category involvement in the interplay between life satisfaction and nostalgic music.
Design/methodology/approach
Two experiments were conducted. The first study featured a 2 (nostalgic vs non-nostalgic music) × 2 (high vs low involvement) between-subjects design and tested the research hypotheses with 208 consumers. The second study featured two involvement conditions (high vs low) and explored the underlying process behind the hypotheses. Linear regression was used to analyze the data in both studies.
Findings
For the low involvement product category, nostalgic music was more effective than non-nostalgic music for consumers with high life satisfaction, whereas non-nostalgic music was more effective for consumers with low life satisfaction levels. For the high involvement product category, life satisfaction did not moderate consumers’ reaction to nostalgic music.
Research limitations/implications
This research suggests that past experiences evoked through nostalgic music are not static but are subject to bias and interpretation depending on an individual’s current mindset. Hence, the eventual effect of nostalgia is determined by how past events are reconstrued based on the individual’s current state.
Practical implications
This paper warns against the blind use of nostalgic appeals in advertising, points to the need to consider the audience’s state of mind, and suggests an opportunity to leverage life satisfaction influencers in designing effective advertising campaigns.
Social implications
The findings have strong implications for public policymakers. The results are crucial as policymakers often use public service announcement (PSA) to change the attitude of the public toward some phenomena. Knowing the current state of life satisfaction in society, they can increase the efficiency of public service announcements by including a nostalgic song in them.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first one in the marketing literature that looks at the efficiency of nostalgic songs in advertisements. The authors tested the conceptual framework by using two studies and offered novel implications to both marketers and scholars.
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It has long been established in educational stratification research that teachers play an important role in shaping children's school experience, which is closely associated with…
Abstract
It has long been established in educational stratification research that teachers play an important role in shaping children's school experience, which is closely associated with children's educational outcomes. Children's family background has been considered as one of the factors that may influence how teachers form their evaluations of children's behavior and academic competence, and their educational expectations for children. Going beyond the conventional modeling of using measures of the family's socioeconomic situation alone, this chapter incorporates the teachers' perceptions of the importance of children's family background into the examination of teachers' evaluations and expectations. Using a unique data from northwest China, this study provides a case study to highlight the importance of bringing teachers' perspectives into examining the relationship between children's family background and their educational outcomes. The analysis results reveal that teachers' perceptions of the importance of children's family background, above and beyond children's previous academic achievement and their family's actual socioeconomic situations, are closely associated with teachers' evaluations and expectations. Teachers' expectations at early time point help to predict children's later school persistence.
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This study aims to solve the problem that the traditional hierarchically performed hazard origin and propagation studies (HiP-HOPS) cannot make dynamic model for the complex…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to solve the problem that the traditional hierarchically performed hazard origin and propagation studies (HiP-HOPS) cannot make dynamic model for the complex system such as integrated modular avionics (IMA) system.
Design/methodology/approach
A new combination method that combines HiP-HOPS with architecture analysis and design language (AADL) is proposed.
Findings
The combination method potentially reduces the amount of rework required for safety analysis and modelling of a modified design.
Research limitations/implications
Modelling the IMA system with the combination method can just make qualitative analysis but cannot make quantitative analysis.
Practical implications
The static model depicts the fault propagation among the components while the dynamic model describes the composite fault with AADL for IMA system.
Originality/value
The results of the case study show that the proposed method not only keeps model consistency but also makes safety analysis and modelling for IMA system efficiently.
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Pengzhen Lu, Hua Shao and Jian Ting Cheng
The purpose of this paper is to develop a simplified optimization calculation method to assess cable force of self-anchored suspension bridge based on optimization theories.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a simplified optimization calculation method to assess cable force of self-anchored suspension bridge based on optimization theories.
Design/methodology/approach
A simplified analysis method construction using Matlab is developed, which is then compared with the optimization method that considers the main cable’s geometric nonlinearity with software ANSYS in an actual bridge calculation.
Findings
This contrast proves the weak coherence and the adjacently interaction theory unreasonable and its limitation.
Originality/value
This paper analyzes the calculation method to assess cable force of a self-anchored suspension bridge and its application effect.
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Xiaohu Zheng, Zhiqiang Liu, Qinglong An, Xibin Wang, Zongwei Xu and Ming Chen
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the cutting mechanism of drilling printed circuit board (PCB) and to optimize the drilling parameters for decreasing burr size and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the cutting mechanism of drilling printed circuit board (PCB) and to optimize the drilling parameters for decreasing burr size and thrust force.
Design/methodology/approach
An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effect of drilling parameters on thrust force and burr formation. The drilling process of PCB was divided by the variation of drilling force signals. Analysis of variance (ANVONA) was carried out for burr size and thrust force. Desirability function method was used in multiple response optimization, to find the best drilling parameters.
Findings
Enter burr and exit burr have different morphologies and types. The generation of enter burr is mainly caused by burr bending which can be observed in micrographs, whereas the generation of exit burr is more complicated than enter burr; both burr breakup and burr bending are observed in exit burrs. In the selected area, the optimized spindle speed and feed rate for drilling PCB is 12 krev/min and 6 mm/s, respectively.
Research limitations/implications
In this paper, hole wall roughness and tool wear were not considered in the optimization of drilling parameters. The future research work should consider them.
Originality/value
This paper investigates the mechanism of burr formation and thrust force in drilling PCB and then optimizes the drilling parameters to decrease the burr formation and thrust force.
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The purpose of this study is to exploring the factors influencing renewable energy consumption intentions and behaviors among eco-tourism visitors in Bangladesh, developing…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to exploring the factors influencing renewable energy consumption intentions and behaviors among eco-tourism visitors in Bangladesh, developing theory of sustainable consumption behaviors (TSCB).
Design/methodology/approach
Based on review of previous empirical studies and other literatures, and collection of 399 usable responses, the study is conducted through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) by using Smart PLS3.3.3.
Findings
The study results divulge that renewable energy consumption intentions significantly influence renewable energy consumption behavior; and the carbon mitigation norms and energy saving norms significantly impact on renewable energy consumption intentions among eco-tourists in Bangladesh.
Practical implications
The findings imply that availability of renewable energy consumption options may attract tourists towards eco-tourism in Bangladesh.
Originality/value
This study is one of the first attempts to developing the theory of sustainable consumption, exploring the integrated impacts of carbon mitigation norms, energy saving norms and renewable energy consumption intentions on eco-tourists’ renewable energy consumption behaviors in Bangladesh.