This paper focuses on the strategic application based on the empirical results of risk-return relationship against the classical concept. Empirical analysis from domestic data, we…
Abstract
This paper focuses on the strategic application based on the empirical results of risk-return relationship against the classical concept. Empirical analysis from domestic data, we verify that the traditional concept-‘high risk, high return’ relationship are maintained, however, we confirm the falling pattern in the highest total volatility group. Even though we implies double sorting method to control the well known systematic factor such as BM and size, we still confirm such abnormal risk-return relationship. Furthermore, we perform sub-period analysis before and after the liberalization of Korean capital market and we find such abnormal risk-return relationship is appeared after the liberalization. Based on our empirical results, we establish and verify the new benchmark that evenly allocate highest volatility portfolio to sub-volatility portfolio. Under the new benchmark, we confirm the expansion of the efficient frontier and the improvement of Sharpe ratio. We believe that our results provide an applicability research of smart beta strategy and new benchmark based on such strategy. We expect our research to be used as preliminary study to overcome the era of “new normal” and to reform the investment strategies correspond to segmentation of benchmark.
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This paper focuses on the controversy about DMA (direct market access) system that facilitates ELW (equity linked warrants) transaction. We analyze trading profit/loss and such…
Abstract
This paper focuses on the controversy about DMA (direct market access) system that facilitates ELW (equity linked warrants) transaction. We analyze trading profit/loss and such features in accordance with the investor type by the combination of trading counts and trading amounts. Especially, our analysis centers on whether brokerages’ providing DMA system contributes to the market expansion and DMA system serves as a profit-making expedient for the investors whose trading amount is large or trading frequency is high.
Based on our empirical examination utilizing total ELW trading data from 2009 to 2011, the following implications are obtained as a result: Firstly, the growth of the ELW market mainly comes from the increased transactions by the investors accessing via DMA and there is no evidence that providing DMA system itself adds to the revitalization of overall market. Secondly, our GMM results using dummy variables confirm us that providing DMA possibly plays a critical role in making profit for the investor of large trading amount or high trading frequency. Our results support the structural problem is embedded in ELW market and DMA system intensifies such unfair game.
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This paper aims to investigate the consumption and actual purchase behaviour of Malaysian food consumers who have experienced of buying imported food and to compare the…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the consumption and actual purchase behaviour of Malaysian food consumers who have experienced of buying imported food and to compare the differences between two groups, Muslim and non-Muslim.
Design/methodology/approach
This study collected data from the imported food buyers in Malaysia using a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 435 usable responses were used for further analysis. To identify the Malaysian consumers’ imported food consumption, exploratory factor analysis was used. A t-test and χ2 test were applied to compare the difference of consumer groups between Muslim and non-Muslims.
Findings
The results have found the determinants of imported food purchasing of both Muslim and non-Muslim consumers and the most perceived quality aspects related to their food lifestyles. Malaysian consumers, regardless of religion, are most affected by the intrinsic factors like nutrients, health functionality and freshness. Muslim consumers also mostly perceive taste as a quality aspect regarding to their food lifestyles.
Practical implications
This study provides a number of potentially important and valuable resources for the manufacturer or exporters seeking to enter the Malaysian food market. Imported food into Malaysia should adopt the customised strategies through the products emphasising health benefits and tastes to achieve maximum marketing results.
Originality/value
This paper contributes important information about imported food consumption of Malaysian consumers. Therefore, it will be useful for food manufacturers or exporters from in particular non-Muslim countries to understand Muslim consumers’ perception and purchasing behaviour towards imported food.
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Moosung Lee, Jin Won Kim, Youngmin Mo and Allan David Walker
Despite the continuous growth of empirical studies exploring professional learning communities (PLCs) across different education systems, little is known about PLC instruments…
Abstract
Purpose
Despite the continuous growth of empirical studies exploring professional learning communities (PLCs) across different education systems, little is known about PLC instruments developed and used in existing research. This article aims to capture a full picture of existing PLC instruments developed since 1990. In so doing, the authors also pay attention to the seminal work of Karen Seashore Louis in alignment with the theme of the special issue.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on the authors’ searching databases, the authors identified eleven PLC instruments and 26 applied studies using the PLC instruments since 1990. Following this, the authors closely reviewed the identified studies and their relationships (i.e. which one influences which).
Findings
The authors’ review illuminates the measurement domains, conceptual origins and methodological soundness of the existing instruments and captures the impact of Louis's work on the applied studies using PLC instruments.
Originality/value
Given that PLCs are seen as a policy measure to sustain and scale up school improvement internationally, the authors’ review provides a better understanding of what and how researchers have measured the effect of PLCs on school improvement. As the first of its kind, the authors believe that their findings can give researchers valuable ideas about how to develop and use a PLC instrument.
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Minhong Kim, Jinwoo Park and Youngmin Yoon
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of para-sport spectator motivation on spectator revisit intentions and the mediating effect of attitude on motivation and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of para-sport spectator motivation on spectator revisit intentions and the mediating effect of attitude on motivation and revisit intentions.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was conducted in the context of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Paralympic Games. A total of 350 respondents completed a survey. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the data.
Findings
Inspiration, supercrip image, physical skill/aesthetics, and social interaction had strong influences on attitudes toward Winter Paralympics, and attitude was also shown to have a strong impact on revisit intentions. The results also revealed the mediating effect of attitude on para-sports motivation factors (inspiration, supercrip image, physical skill/aesthetics, and social interaction) and revisit intentions.
Originality/value
This study extends the literature on para-sport spectator motivation. Although there are a few studies examining spectators' motivation to attend para-sport events, there is limited research on the relationships among motivation, attitude, and revisit intention based on consumer attitude theories. The results are valuable to sport managers in increasing the propensity of para-sports events by understanding the factors that lead to changes in attitudes and increases in future attendance.
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Hwanho Choi and Bernard Burnes
Although social media proficiency and use are key business and marketing practices in today’s digital environment, research has failed to offer sufficient insights into what…
Abstract
Purpose
Although social media proficiency and use are key business and marketing practices in today’s digital environment, research has failed to offer sufficient insights into what drives small firms to use social media and how they vitalise co-creative social media environments with consumers. In response, the purpose of this paper is to examine how small firms utilise social media to interact and build bonds with consumers. These bonds become an important tool in the development of successful, profitable businesses and marketing practices in the digital age.
Design/methodology/approach
To examine how small firms use social media to engage with consumers and vice versa, the authors utilised a case-study approach and collected qualitative data by conducting semi-structured interviews.
Findings
The results showed that the small firms in this research seek to establish relationships and facilitate interactions with their core consumers in order to co-create value. In particular, the data demonstrate that producers engage in two distinctive practices: bonding (i.e. cultivating emotional ties with music fans) and spreading (i.e. encouraging expressive circulation by fans). Altogether, the findings indicate that the representative firms in this research use social media to develop synergistic relationships with consumers and to tap into the collective energy of consumers in their business environments.
Originality/value
The authors show that small companies use social media to establish relationships and interact with fans in order to co-create value and vitalise collective consumption, engagement, and participation. The case blurs the traditional distinction between production and consumption and suggests that the value of goods is a social creation, not merely a manufactured product.
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Haniruzila Hanifah, Hasliza Abdul Halim, Noor Hazlina Ahmad and Ali Vafaei-Zadeh
Innovation performance is an issue that has a profound effect not only on Malaysian large companies but also among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) especially Bumiputera SMEs…
Abstract
Purpose
Innovation performance is an issue that has a profound effect not only on Malaysian large companies but also among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) especially Bumiputera SMEs. The purpose of this paper is to explore the theoretical review of innovation culture pertaining to innovation performance by conducting a literature review on SME studies. The previous reference on innovation performance in Malaysian SMEs is still scarce, even though it is the key benchmark to measure firm performance. It has been demonstrated by the literature that innovation culture is significantly associated with innovation performance. Nonetheless, its effect on Bumiputera SMEs is still underexplored. Thus, this study examines the importance of internal factors (specific human capital and social capital) to innovation culture in driving innovation performance.
Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to gather data from Bumiputera SMEs. A total of 140 responses were obtained and analyses were carried out using Smart-PLS software to produce interesting findings.
Findings
The findings indicate that social capital (relational capital and social network) has a significant impact on innovation culture and indirectly impacts innovation performance. The findings also reveal that specific human capital does not have significant impact on innovation culture and innovation performance. This paper shows the importance of social capital and how it directly influences Bumiputera SMEs and innovation performance. This result will be encouraging to firms in other developing countries.
Practical implications
Although SMEs play an important role in economic development, their contribution to innovation is small and marginal. This study makes an important contribution by providing information to the Malaysian SMEs, especially those that are of Bumiputera status on the factors that could enhance innovation performance and nurture innovation culture in their organisations. Thus, it is hoped that this study will generate interest among researchers to attain more conclusive evidence about the practice of innovation culture among Malaysian SMEs.
Originality/value
This paper is one of the first to address the mediating effect of innovation culture on specific human capital, social capital and innovation performance.