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Article
Publication date: 29 June 2012

Manzoor Ahmad, J. Luo, Ben Xu, Hendra Purnawali, Peter King, Paul Chalker, Yongqing Fu, Weimin Huang and Moshen Miraftab

Shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) are typically synthesized using polyols of low molecular weight, Mw, and high hydroxyl number as it is believed that high density of cross-links…

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Abstract

Shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) are typically synthesized using polyols of low molecular weight, Mw, and high hydroxyl number as it is believed that high density of cross-links in these polyols are essential for high performance shape memory polymers. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) with Mw ~ 6000 g/mol and low hydroxyl number (OH ~ 18 mg K OH/g) as the soft segment and diisocyanate as the hard segment were used to synthesize SMPUs. It revealed that although the PEG-6000 based SMPUs have lower maximum elongation at break (425%) and recovery stress than those of PCL-2000 polyol based SMPUs, they have much better shape recovery ratio (98%) and shape fixity (95%). Furthermore, these SMPUs showed a much shorter actuation time of <10sec for up to 85% shape recovery, much shorter than those low Mw SMPUs, clearly demonstrated their great potential for applications.

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World Journal of Engineering, vol. 9 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 12 January 2024

Lipeng Pan, Yongqing Li, Xiao Fu and Chyi Lin Lee

This paper aims to explore the pathways of carbon transfer in 200 US corporations along with the motivations that drive such transfers. The particular focus is on each firm’s…

453

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the pathways of carbon transfer in 200 US corporations along with the motivations that drive such transfers. The particular focus is on each firm’s embeddedness in the global value chain (GVC) and the influence of environmental law, operational costs and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The insights gleaned bridge a gap in the literature surrounding GVCs and corporate carbon transfer.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology comprised a two-step research approach. First, the authors used a two-sided fixed regression to analyse the relationship between each firm’s embeddedness in the GVC and its carbon transfers. The sample consisted of 217 US firms. Next, the authors examined the influence of environmental law, operational costs and CSR on carbon transfers using a quantitative comparison analysis. These results were interpreted through the theoretical frameworks of the GVC and legitimacy theory.

Findings

The empirical results indicate positive relationships between carbon transfers and GVC embeddedness in terms of both a firm’s position and its degree. From the quantitative comparison, the authors find that the pressure of environmental law and operational costs motivate these transfers through the value chain. Furthermore, CSR does not help to mitigate transfers.

Practical implications

The findings offer insights for policymakers, industry and academia to understand that, with globalised production and greater value creation, transferring carbon to different parts of the GVC – largely to developing countries – will only become more common. The underdeveloped nature of environmental technology in these countries means that global emissions will likely rise instead of fall, further exacerbating global warming. Transferring carbon is not conducive to a sustainable global economy. Hence, firms should be closely regulated and given economic incentives to reduce emissions, not simply shunt them off to the developing world.

Social implications

Carbon transfer is a major obstacle to effectively reducing carbon emissions. The responsibilities of carbon transfer via GVCs are difficult to define despite firms being a major consideration in such transfers. Understanding how and why corporations engage in carbon transfers can facilitate global cooperation among communities. This knowledge could pave the way to establishing a global carbon transfer monitoring network aimed at preventing corporate carbon transfer and, instead, encouraging emissions reduction.

Originality/value

This study extends the literature by investigating carbon transfers and the GVC at the firm level. The authors used two-step research approach including panel data and quantitative comparison analysis to address this important question. The authors are the primary study to explore the motivation and pathways by which firms transfer carbon through the GVC.

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Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, vol. 15 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-8021

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2000

Yongqing Fang

Proposes that decisions on reward distribution are affected by preferences for various distributive principles and by the social context within which distribution takes place…

397

Abstract

Proposes that decisions on reward distribution are affected by preferences for various distributive principles and by the social context within which distribution takes place. Using a Chinese sample this relationship is tested. Identifies that the strength of preference for a particular distributive principle was a major predictor for a corresponding decision, however such influences were neutralised by secondary preferences for competing principles. Provides some insight into the Chinese psychology.

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Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, vol. 7 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1352-7606

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Article
Publication date: 27 June 2019

Yankun Zhou, Xiaoqiang Zhi, Huiying Wu and Yongqing Li

This paper aims to examine the role of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a political advisory body in China, in addressing environmental challenges.

406

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the role of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a political advisory body in China, in addressing environmental challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses 457 CPPCC environmental proposals across 160 cities for the period of 2013 to 2015 and a mediation effect model to examine the effect of CPPCC environmental proposals on environmental quality.

Findings

This study shows that CPPCC environmental proposals improve environmental quality; and the relationship between CPPCC environmental proposals and environmental quality is partially mediated by enforcement of environmental laws and regulations only although the proposals positively influence both law enforcement and environmental public budget expenditures.

Research limitations/implications

Future research may examine how the interaction between the government and other important stakeholders such as non-governmental organizations can help improve environmental quality. In addition, future research may examine whether other policy tools such as pollution tax and fees, environmental subsidies, and emissions trading can play a role in dealing with environmental issues.

Practical implications

This study provides evidence that supports CPPCC members to take an even more active role in public governance by engaging with both the government and the public.

Social implications

The CPPCC’s participation in public governance helps the government respond to critical issues more effectively. The government should pay close attention to CPPCC proposals when making public policies. Furthermore, the government probably needs to review its policies in relation to environmental expenditures.

Originality/value

This study is the first to examine the role of the CPPCC, a political advisory body, in addressing environmental challenges through functioning as a bridge between government and the public, whereas the extant literature has predominantly focused on the role of government, market and the public.

Details

Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, vol. 11 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-8021

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Article
Publication date: 28 June 2013

Sheau‐yueh J. Chao

The purpose of this paper is to provide the historical background of genealogical records and analyze the value of Chinese genealogical research through the study of names and…

325

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide the historical background of genealogical records and analyze the value of Chinese genealogical research through the study of names and genealogical resources.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper examines the historical evolution and value of Chinese genealogical records, with the focus on researching the Islamic Chinese names used by the people living in Guilin. The highlight of this paper includes the analysis and evolution of the Islamic Chinese names commonly adopted by the local people in Guilin. It concludes with the recommendations on emphasizing and making the best use of genealogical records to enhance the research value of Chinese overseas studies.

Findings

The paper covers the history of Islam and describes how the religion was introduced into China, as well as Muslims' ethnicity and identity. It also places focus on the importance of building a research collection in Asian history and Chinese genealogy.

Research limitations/implications

This research study has a strong subject focus on Chinese genealogy, Asian history, and Islamic Chinese surnames. It is a narrow field that few researchers have delved into.

Practical implications

The results of this study will assist students, researchers, and the general public in tracing the origin of their surnames and developing their interest in the social and historical value of Chinese local history and genealogies.

Social implications

The study of Chinese surnames is, by itself, a particular field for researching the social and political implications of contemporary Chinese society during the time the family members lived.

Originality/value

Very little research has been done in the area of Chinese local history and genealogy. The paper would be of value to researchers such as historians, sociologists, ethnologists and archaeologists, as well as students and anyone interested in researching a surname origin, its history and evolution.

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Article
Publication date: 31 July 2024

Yongqing Ma, Yifeng Zheng, Wenjie Zhang, Baoya Wei, Ziqiong Lin, Weiqiang Liu and Zhehan Li

With the development of intelligent technology, deep learning has made significant progress and has been widely used in various fields. Deep learning is data-driven, and its…

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Abstract

Purpose

With the development of intelligent technology, deep learning has made significant progress and has been widely used in various fields. Deep learning is data-driven, and its training process requires a large amount of data to improve model performance. However, labeled data is expensive and not readily available.

Design/methodology/approach

To address the above problem, researchers have integrated semi-supervised and deep learning, using a limited number of labeled data and many unlabeled data to train models. In this paper, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are analyzed as an entry point. Firstly, we discuss the current research on GANs in image super-resolution applications, including supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised learning approaches. Secondly, based on semi-supervised learning, different optimization methods are introduced as an example of image classification. Eventually, experimental comparisons and analyses of existing semi-supervised optimization methods based on GANs will be performed.

Findings

Following the analysis of the selected studies, we summarize the problems that existed during the research process and propose future research directions.

Originality/value

This paper reviews and analyzes research on generative adversarial networks for image super-resolution and classification from various learning approaches. The comparative analysis of experimental results on current semi-supervised GAN optimizations is performed to provide a reference for further research.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 17 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

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Article
Publication date: 24 January 2020

Xiaomin Fan, Yingzhi Xu, Yongqing Nan, Baoli Li and Haiya Cai

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of high-speed railway (HSR) on industrial pollution emissions using the data for 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004…

494

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of high-speed railway (HSR) on industrial pollution emissions using the data for 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2016.

Design/methodology/approach

The research method used in this paper is the multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) model, which is an effective policy effect assessment method. To further address the issue of endogeneity, the DID integrated with the propensity score matching (PSM-DID) approach is employed to eliminate the potential self-selection bias.

Findings

The results show that the HSR has significantly reduced industrial pollution emissions, which is validated by several robustness tests. Compared with peripheral cities, HSR exerts a greater impact on industrial pollution emissions in central cities. In addition, the mechanism test reveals that the optimised allocation of inter-city industries is an important channel for HSR to mitigate industrial pollution emissions, and this is closely related to the location of HSR stations.

Originality/value

Previous studies have paid more attention to evaluating the economic effects of HSR, however, most of these studies overlook its environmental effects. Consequently, the impact of HSR on industrial pollution emissions is led by using multi-period DID models in this paper, in which the environmental effects are measured. The results of this paper can provide a reference for the pollution reduction policies and also the coordinated development of economic growth and environmental quality.

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2019

Jiazhi Miao, Yongqing Li, Xiang Rao, Libao Zhu, Zhiwei Guo and Chengqing Yuan

The emission from marine engines has a crucial effect on energy economy and environment pollution. One of the effective emission reduction schemes is to minimize the friction loss…

163

Abstract

Purpose

The emission from marine engines has a crucial effect on energy economy and environment pollution. One of the effective emission reduction schemes is to minimize the friction loss of main friction pairs such as cylinder liner-piston ring (CLPR). Micro-groove textures were designed to accomplish this aim.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors experimentally investigated the effects of micro-groove textures at different cylinder liner positions. The micro-groove texture was fabricated on samples by chemical etching and cut from the real CLPR pair. Sliding contact tests were conducted by a reciprocation test apparatus.

Findings

The average friction coefficient of grooves at 30° inclination were reduced up to 58.22% and produced better tribological behavior at most conditions. The operating condition was the critical factor that determined the optimum texture pattern. The surface morphology indicated that textures could produce smoother surfaces and less scratches as compared with the untextured surface.

Originality/value

Inclined grooves and V-grooves were designed and applied to real CLPR pairs. The knowledge obtained in this study will lead to practical basis for tribological design and manufacturing of CLPR pair in marine diesel engines.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 72 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 8 April 2024

Jose Weng Chou Wong, Ivan Ka Wai Lai and Shan Wang

While travelling, tourists like to use mobile technology to share their travel experiences. This study aims to understand how the social value gained by tourists from sharing a…

482

Abstract

Purpose

While travelling, tourists like to use mobile technology to share their travel experiences. This study aims to understand how the social value gained by tourists from sharing a travel experience with mobile technology affects their satisfaction with the travel experience through onsite mobile sharing behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach

A second-order hierarchical model is constructed to examine the moderated mediating role of onsite mobile sharing behaviour in improving tourists’ travel satisfaction. Through systematic sampling, 304 responses were collected at ten attraction points in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, China.

Findings

The results show that, compared with self-centred values (self-presentation and self-identification), other-centred values (building social connection and reciprocity) contribute more to forming social values of sharing. In addition, onsite mobile sharing behaviour partially mediates and moderates the effect of social values on travel satisfaction.

Originality/value

This study applies the social capital theory to identify the value gained by sharing travel experiences and empirically evaluates the impact of these values on the overall value of sharing travel experiences. This study also contributes to tourism research by examining the moderated mediating role of onsite mobile sharing behaviour in improving travel satisfaction. This study helps destination marketing to make strategies to motivate tourists to use mobile technology to share their travel experiences while travelling.

Details

Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 36 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-5855

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Article
Publication date: 3 March 2020

Vitus Mwinteribo Tabie, Chong Li, Wang Saifu, Jianwei Li and Xiaojing Xu

This paper aims to present a broad review of near-a titanium alloys for high-temperature applications.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present a broad review of near-a titanium alloys for high-temperature applications.

Design/methodology/approach

Following a brief introduction of titanium (Ti) alloys, this paper considers the near-α group of Ti alloys, which are the most popular high-temperature Ti alloys developed for a high-temperature application, particularly in compressor disc and blades in aero-engines. The paper is relied on literature within the past decade to discuss phase stability and microstructural effect of alloying elements, plastic deformation and reinforcements used in the development of these alloys.

Findings

The near-a Ti alloys show high potential for high-temperature applications, and many researchers have explored the incorporation of TiC, TiB SiC, Y2O3, La2O3 and Al2O3 reinforcements for improved mechanical properties. Rolling, extrusion, forging and some severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques, as well as heat treatment methods, have also been explored extensively. There is, however, a paucity of information on SiC, Y2O3 and carbon nanotube reinforcements and their combinations for improved mechanical properties. Information on some SPD techniques such as cyclic extrusion compression, multiaxial compression/forging and repeated corrugation and straightening for this class of alloys is also limited.

Originality/value

This paper provides a topical, technical insight into developments in near-a Ti alloys using literature from within the past decade. It also outlines the future developments of this class of Ti alloys.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 92 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

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