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Article
Publication date: 10 August 2015

Manveer Mann, Sang-Eun Byun and Yishuang Li

– The purpose of this paper is to examine the range of realignment strategies employed by retailers in the USA in response to the 2008 economic recession.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the range of realignment strategies employed by retailers in the USA in response to the 2008 economic recession.

Design/methodology/approach

Following the grounded theory approach, National Retail Federation News Briefs published between 2008 and 2011 were analyzed by sorting them into thematic categories and comparing trends in strategic decisions during the recession (2008-2009) and after the recession (2010-2011). Based on the emergent categories, propositions were developed to provide theoretical explanations of the findings.

Findings

The authors found five thematic categories of realignment strategies: promotional, organizational, price, operational, and product realignments. In line with contingency theories, retailers used these strategies to achieve a greater fit with the altered business environment and consumer consumption patterns. While promotional realignment was most prevalent, followed by organizational realignment, different realignment strategies were pursued based on the strategic focus and long-term vs short-term orientation of the retailers.

Originality/value

The contribution of the findings is twofold: filling a critical gap in the literature examining the range of realignment decisions of the US retail industry in response to the recent economic recession; and enhancing the theoretical understanding of underlying factors or mechanisms of specific realignment decisions in the context of a turbulent economic environment.

Details

International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, vol. 43 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-0552

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Article
Publication date: 3 June 2014

Veena Chattaraman, Wi-Suk Kwon, Juan E. Gilbert and Yishuang Li

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the visual presence of a virtual agent on a retail Web site reveals positive outcomes for older users with respect to enhancing…

1845

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the visual presence of a virtual agent on a retail Web site reveals positive outcomes for older users with respect to enhancing perceived interactivity, social support, trust and patronage intentions and alleviating user anxiety.

Design/methodology/approach

A between-subjects laboratory experiment was conducted with 50 older users, which included an interaction experience of 30 minutes followed by a paper-based questionnaire. The visual presence of the agent was manipulated in a mock retail Web site through the presence or absence of a virtual agent image, while maintaining the same agent functionality.

Findings

The contrasts of senior users’ shopping experiences between two agent-mediated Web sites (with or without agent image) support the direct “persona” effects of a virtual agent’s visual presence on enhancing perceived interactivity, social support, trust and patronage intentions in the retail Web site, while alleviating user anxiety. Further, anxiety alleviation is fully explained by increased perceptions of interactivity. Perceived social support fully mediates trust in the benevolence of the online retailer. Trust ability emerges as a salient factor mediating the relationship between agent persona and patronage intentions.

Originality/value

This work is the first to identify the value of human visual embodiment for older users’ online shopping experiences, which has implications for other low-experience/expertise users of a medium.

Details

Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, vol. 8 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-7122

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Article
Publication date: 21 January 2022

Yishuang Xu, Chung Yim Yiu and Ka Shing Cheung

Achieving a balanced tenant mix is a long-standing discourse in the retailing and consumer marketing literature. From the perspective of marketing mix planning, the diversity of…

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Abstract

Purpose

Achieving a balanced tenant mix is a long-standing discourse in the retailing and consumer marketing literature. From the perspective of marketing mix planning, the diversity of tenants is beneficial to the performance of shopping malls. This paper aims to use a revealed preference approach to study empirically the effect of retail tenant mix planning on the rents of shopping malls.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts a cross-disciplinary approach to develop the Island-Species-Area-Energy model to study the shopping mall marketing and management framework. The empirical data are obtained from the 129 major shopping malls in the UK.

Findings

The results confirm that the retail tenant mix is positively associated with mall size and shopping district purchasing power, implying a tenant mix equilibrium. Any deviations from the tenant mix equilibrium will impose a negative impact on total retail rents. Further, five factors, i.e. tenant mix equilibrium, building quality, locational convenience, leasing strategy and anchorage, are found to be contributing factors to retail rents.

Originality/value

The findings contribute to the current body of marketing knowledge from two perspectives: first, tenant mix effects on retail rents are empirically analysed based on the biogeography theory, which shows a tenant mix equilibrium for retail marketing planning. Second, a five-factor model on shopping mall marketing and management mix framework is developed and tested for the performance of shopping malls.

Details

Marketing Intelligence & Planning, vol. 40 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-4503

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