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In real working condition, signal is highly disturbed and even drowned by noise, which extremely interferes in detecting results. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an effective de-noising method for the debris particle in lubricant so that the ultrasonic technique can be applied to the online debris particle detection.

For completing the online ultrasonic monitoring of oil wear debris, the research is made on some selected wear debris signals. It applies morphology component analysis (MCA) theory to de-noise signals. To overcome the potential weakness of MCA threshold process, it proposes fuzzy morphology component analysis (FMCA) by fuzzy threshold function.

According to simulated and experimental results, it eliminates most of the wear debris signal noises by using FMCA through the signal comparison. According to the comparison of simulation evaluation index, it has highest signal noise ratio, smallest root mean square error and largest similarity factor.

The rapid movement of the debris particles, as well as the lubricant temperature, may influence the measuring signals. Researchers are encouraged to solve these problems further.

This paper includes implications for the improvement in the online debris detection and the development of the ultrasonic technique applied in online debris detection.

This paper provides a promising way of applying the MCA theory to de-noise signals. To avoid the potential weakness of the MCA threshold process, it proposes FMCA through fuzzy threshold function. The FMCA method has great obvious advantage in de-noising wear debris signals. It lays the foundation for online ultrasonic monitoring of lubrication wear debris.

The purpose of this paper is to study free L‐fuzzy left R‐module, using the language of categories and functors for the general description of L‐fuzzy left R‐modules generated by L‐fuzzy set. In the language of categories and functors, an L‐fuzzy left R‐modules generated by L‐fuzzy set is called a free object in the category of L‐fuzzy left R‐modules determined by L‐fuzzy set.

Category theory is used to study the existent quality, unique quality and material structure of L‐fuzzy left R‐modules generated by L‐fuzzy set.

The paper gives the uniqueness, structure and existence theorems of free object in the category of L‐fuzzy left R‐modules determined by L‐fuzzy set, and the authors prove that the fuzzy free functor is left adjoint to the fuzzy underlying functor.

Some property of free L‐fuzzy left R‐modules will need to be further researched.

The paper defines a new class of L‐fuzzy left R‐modules, i.e. free L‐fuzzy left R‐modules, research and explore free L‐fuzzy left R‐modules in theory.

Could “Economic Man” and “Moral Man” be integrated? Could “Business” and “Morality” contain each other? An attempt is made to verify, from the theoretical formation, the value rationality of economic behaviour, to seek the value co‐structure of ethics and economics.

After three years of economic reform in urban areas, China has been confronted with a series of choices. Six of these choices are examined: the focus of the reform, its approach, its target, the pattern of national economic macro‐management, the macro‐economic policy, and the pace of the reform. It is held that the focus of the reform should be the establishment of a planned commodity economic system, which is the correct target of the reform; such a reform must be carried out step by step, systematically and in the light of an integrated design worked out in advance, with greater paces to shorten the period in which two systems confront each other; the macro‐management of the economy should be carried out by the central authority on the basis of an integrated market rather than administrative decentralisation; the money supply should be controlled in order to create a relatively relaxed environment for reform. On each of the six aspects, other prevailing views are analysed.

This chapter examines the trend in school enrollment and transitions to senior high school and to college in China for selected young cohorts since the 1990s, based on the analyses of the sample data from population censuses in 1990 and 2000 and the mini-census in 2005. We pay particular attention to educational inequality based on gender and the household registration system (hukou) in the context of educational expansion. Results show a substantial increase in educational opportunities over time at all levels. In particular, women have gained relatively more; gender inequality has decreased over time, and the gap in college enrollments was even reversed to favor women in 2005. However, rural–urban inequality was enlarged in the 1990s. The educational expansion has mainly benefited females and urban residents.

This paper aims to explore the effects of leadership style and trust in leadership on employees’ affective commitment under the epidemic situation.

A total of 580 valid questionnaires were collected online targeting the hospitality and tourism employees working from home during the particular period of the COVID-19 Coronavirus crisis. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data with AMOS software.

The findings indicated that perceived transformational leadership was a positive predictor of trust in leadership and affective commitment. In addition to the positive contribution to commitment, trust in leadership also mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment.

The current study contributes to the literature on leadership and organizational commitment. The results of this study may provide a valuable guide to organizations, leaders and young employees.

变革型领导对员工信任及员工情感承诺的影响研究

本文旨在研究在新冠疫情背景下, 变革型领导对员工信任度以及情感承诺的影响。

本文研究对象为旅游及酒店行业工作人员, 由于新冠疫情, 调查问卷通过线上的方式向居家办公的酒店工作人员进行发放, 调查结束共收集到580份有效问卷, 利用AMOS软件对收集到的数据进行结构方程分析。

本研究发现, 变革型领导对员工组织信任具有正向影响, 员工信任对员工的组织情感承诺具有正向影响, 变革型领导正向影响员工的组织情感承诺, 并且, 变革型领导通过增强员工信任度, 正向影响员工的组织情感承诺, 即员工信任在变革型领导和情感承诺中间起中介作用。

本研究为拓展企业管理领域研究做出了贡献, 本文研究结果验证了相关的领导理论及组织管理理论, 丰富了职业承诺领域的研究, 为组织、领导以及青年员工的职业发展提供了参考借鉴。

Investigación sobre la influencia del liderazgo transformacional en la confianza y el compromiso emocional de los empleados

Este artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar la influencia del liderazgo transformacional en la confianza y el compromiso emocional de los empleados bajo el impacto del Covid-19.

El objeto de investigación de este artículo es el personal del sector turístico y hotelero. Se recogieron un total de 580 cuestionarios válidos y se analizaron los datos recopilados mediante ecuación estructural utilizando el software AMOS.

Esta investigación encontró que el liderazgo transformacional tiene una influencia positiva en la confianza de los empleados, la confianza de los empleados tiene una influencia positiva en el compromiso emocional de los empleados, el liderazgo transformacional afecta positivamente el compromiso emocional de los empleados y la confianza de los empleados juega un papel intermediario entre el liderazgo transformacional y el compromiso emocional.

Esta investigación enriquece la investigación sobre la teoría del liderazgo y el compromiso organizacional, y proporciona una referencia para el desarrollo profesional de organizaciones, líderes y empleados jóvenes.

The use of aviation incident data to carry out aviation risk prediction is of great significance for improving the initiative of accident prevention and reducing the occurrence of accidents. Because of the nonlinearity and periodicity of incident data, it is challenging to achieve accurate predictions. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a new method for aviation risk prediction with high accuracy.

This paper proposes a hybrid prediction model incorporating Prophet and long short-term memory (LSTM) network. The flight incident data are decomposed using Prophet to extract the feature components. Taking the decomposed time series as input, LSTM is employed for prediction and its output is used as the final prediction result.

The data of Chinese civil aviation incidents from 2002 to 2021 are used for validation, and Prophet, LSTM and two other typical prediction models are selected for comparison. The experimental results demonstrate that the Prophet–LSTM model is more stable, with higher prediction accuracy and better applicability.

This study can provide a new idea for aviation risk prediction and a scientific basis for aviation safety management.

The innovation of this work comes from combining Prophet and LSTM to capture the periodic features and temporal dependencies of incidents, effectively improving prediction accuracy.

Malicious attacks extremely traumatize knowledge networks due to increasing interdependence among knowledge elements. Therefore, exposing the damage of malicious attacks to knowledge networks has important theoretical and practical significance. Despite the insights being offered by the growing research stream, few studies discuss the diverse responses of knowledge networks’ robustness to different target-attacks, and the authors lack sufficient knowledge of which forms of malicious attacks constitute greater disaster when knowledge networks evolve to different stages. Given the irreversible consequences of malicious attacks on knowledge networks, this paper aims to examine the impacts of different malicious attacks on the robustness of knowledge networks.

On the basic of dividing malicious attacks into six forms, the authors incorporate two important aspects of robustness of knowledge networks – structure and function – in a research framework, and use maximal connected sub-graphs and network efficiency, respectively, to measure structural and functional robustness. Furthermore, the authors conceptualize knowledge as a multi-dimensional structure to reflect the heterogeneous nature of knowledge elements, and design the fundamental rules of simulation. NetLogo is used to simulate the features of knowledge networks and their changes of robustness as they face different malicious attacks.

First, knowledge networks gradually form more associative integrated structures with evolutionary progress. Second, various properties of knowledge elements play diverse roles in mitigating damage from malicious attacks. Recalculated-degree-based attacks cause greater damage than degree-based attacks, and structure of knowledge networks has higher resilience against ability than function. Third, structural robustness is mainly affected by the potential combinatorial value of high-degree knowledge elements, and the combinatorial potential of high-out-degree knowledge elements. Forth, the number of high in-degree knowledge elements with heterogeneous contents, and the inverted U-sharp effect contributed by high out-degree knowledge elements are the main influencers of functional robustness.

The authors use the frontier method to expose the detriments of malicious attacks both to structural and functional robustness in each evolutionary stage, and the authors reveal the relationship and effects of knowledge-based connections and knowledge combinatorial opportunities that contribute to maintaining them. Furthermore, the authors identify latent critical factors that may improve the structural and functional robustness of knowledge networks.

First, from the dynamic evolutionary perspective, the authors systematically examine structural and functional robustness to reveal the roles of the properties of knowledge element, and knowledge associations to maintain the robustness of knowledge networks. Second, the authors compare the damage of six forms of malicious attacks to identify the reasons for increased robustness vulnerability. Third, the authors construct the stock, power, expertise knowledge structure to overcome the difficulty of knowledge conceptualization. The results respond to multiple calls from different studies and extend the literature in multiple research domains.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of job-hopping executives at their former and subsequent firms.

We conduct regression analyses using a sample of firms listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2010 to 2020 to examine whether CSR performance is similar from one firm to the next as executives switch jobs.

We find a positive relationship between the CSR performance of former and subsequent firms under job-hopping executives. This relationship is the strongest in the year of the job switch; it weakens in the second year and eventually disappears in the third year. In addition, we show that this relationship benefits different CSR stakeholder groups and is contingent on executive and subsequent firm attributes and job-hopping characteristics. Furthermore, we demonstrate that firms that hire a new chief executive officer from a firm with a strong track record in CSR, the new firm experiences a significant surge in CSR performance compared with firms that do not experience such a shock.

This study has implications for executive hiring decisions.

This study extends the understanding of CSR determinants through the lens of inter-organisational ties associated with job-hopping executives.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of bilingual learning strategies designed to support Chinese undergraduate business students facing significant learning challenges in an Australian university capstone curriculum delivered at their Chinese university. These challenges include the students’ difficulty understanding discipline-specific English terminology, using this terminology to discuss disciplinary concepts with their instructors and stress caused by an abnormally high study load.

In response to these challenges, the project team implemented a suite of bilingual strategies to reduce cognitive load and enhance learning, which included Chinese-English glossaries to build disciplinary-specific vocabularies; a bilingual teaching assistant to enable students to communicate in their language of choice; the use of WeChat to connect students to staff and to provide translanguaging opportunities; and bilateral managerial and academic support for strengthening the institutional cross-cultural relationship through staff exchange and language learning programs. A series of surveys were administered to measure the impact of these strategies on students’ learning, and WeChat logs were analysed to determine students’ linguistic preferences during discussions with staff and students.

The results of this project show strong support for each bilingual strategy, high academic performance amongst the student cohort, the positive contribution to learning and connection provided by social media technology, students’ language of choice preferences and chosen translanguaging styles and the important role of teaching staff in supporting international students’ intercultural learning and adaptation to a foreign university learning system.

This original evidence-based study helps to address the gap in bilingual education in Australian higher education demonstrating a successful strategy for dealing with language and discipline-specific challenges confronting EAL students.