Grey target decision making is one of the important problems of decision-making theory. It is critical to express uncertain information effectively and depose them in a reasonable…
Abstract
Purpose
Grey target decision making is one of the important problems of decision-making theory. It is critical to express uncertain information effectively and depose them in a reasonable and simple way. The purpose of this paper is to solve the grey target problem by the grey potential degree method without whiten value and without distribution function. Furthermore, this new approach has an advantage of realizing both comparing and standardization work during the process of treating the data.
Design/methodology/approach
First, this paper makes a brief overview of the existing method for grey target decision. Then, the conception of a grey potential degree system is introduced and the conception of standard grey potential degree is build up, and a new grey potential-based method based on the grey target multiple attribute decision method is proposed. At the same time, the standard grey potential and its application in multiple resource data are studied.
Findings
At the same time the standard grey potential and its application in multiple resource data are studied. Standard grey potential is presented by means of three examples together with the comparison with the existing method to demonstrate that the grey potential-based method could be used to solve the problem of grey target decision conveniently and effectively.
Originality/value
It is very important to compare grey numbers to obtain scientific and reasonable results for a grey target decision-making problem. However, in the actual application of grey numbers, it is difficult to find out the probability density function or the whiten function of grey numbers. When grey numbers are compared and deposed through the whiten value, much information regarding grey numbers will be lost and, at the same time, the value of grey numbers in uncertainty is partly lost. The method discussed in this paper is reasonable and feasible.
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Wang Yinao, Chen Zhijie, Gao Zhiqiang and Chen Mianyun
This paper generalises the GM(1,1) direct modeling method with a step by step majorizing grey derivative's whiten values to unequal time interval sequence modeling, and proves…
Abstract
This paper generalises the GM(1,1) direct modeling method with a step by step majorizing grey derivative's whiten values to unequal time interval sequence modeling, and proves that the new method still has linear transformation consistency of the old method. The example indicates that the new method still has gradual approaching white exponential law coincidence property. With this new method, we then model the high precision soft foundation settlement.
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the interval forecasting, prediction interval and its reliability. When the predicted interval and its reliability are construction, the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the interval forecasting, prediction interval and its reliability. When the predicted interval and its reliability are construction, the general rule which must satisfy is studied, grey wrapping band forecasting method is perfect.
Design/methodology/approach
A forecasting method puts forward a process of prediction interval. It also elaborates on the meaning of interval (the probability of the prediction interval including the real value of predicted variable). The general rule is abstracted and summarized by many forecasting cases. The general rule is discussed by axiomatic method.
Findings
The prediction interval is categorized into three types. Three axioms that construction predicted interval must satisfy are put forward. Grey wrapping band forecasting method is improved based on the proposed axioms.
Practical implications
Take the Shanghai composite index as the example, according to the K-line diagram from 4 January 2013 to 9 May 2013, the reliability of predicted rebound height of subsequent two or three trading day does not exceed the upper wrapping curve is 80 per cent. It is significant to understand the forecasting range correctly, build a reasonable range forecasting method and to apply grey wrapping band forecasting method correctly.
Originality/value
Grey wrapping band forecasting method is improved based on the proposed axioms.
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Yinao Wang, Aiqing Ruan and Zhihui Zhan
This paper aims to study the improved effect of the instrumental variable method to estimate parameters of linear regression model with the stochastic explanatory variables…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the improved effect of the instrumental variable method to estimate parameters of linear regression model with the stochastic explanatory variables problem.
Design/methodology/approach
By Monte‐Carlo method, taking a linear regression model with intercept of 3, slope of 4 as an example, whose random error in standard normal distribution, to test whether parameter estimators are biased and how about the average relative error of estimator of slope when random explanatory variables are in different contemporaneously correlated with random error item. By the instrumental variables which are independent with random error item and in varying degrees related to random explanatory variable, the study tests the estimation accuracy of the slope using the instrumental variable method.
Findings
This paper tests that the ordinary least square parameter estimators are biased, and especially that the average relative error of estimator of slope is significantly large, more than 10 percent, when random explanatory variables are different and contemporaneously correlated with the random error item. For the instrumental variables that are independent from random error item and in varying degrees related to the random explanatory variable, the estimation accuracy of the slope is significantly improved and the relative error dropped to less than 4 percent, but the estimation accuracy of the intercept term showed no significant improvement by the instrumental variable method.
Practical implications
The method exposed in the paper shows how to improve estimation by an instrumental variable method.
Originality/value
The paper succeeds in showing how to improve estimation by the instrumental variable method of numerical simulation.
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Zhijie Chen, Qile Chen, Weizhen Chen and Yinao Wang
This paper describes the use of grey system theory in mathematical programming problems. In particular, the linear programming problem, which is one of the most widely used…
Abstract
This paper describes the use of grey system theory in mathematical programming problems. In particular, the linear programming problem, which is one of the most widely used mathematical programming problems, with grey interval and grey forecasting are developed. The adaptability of both these linear programming problems is rather satisfactory.
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Sifeng Liu, Bo Zeng, Jiefang Liu, Naiming Xie and Yingjie Yang
– The purpose of this paper is to provide a foundational reference and practical guidance for modelling small and poor data with incomplete information.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a foundational reference and practical guidance for modelling small and poor data with incomplete information.
Design/methodology/approach
The definitions of four basic models of GM(1, 1), such as Even Grey Model (EGM), Original Difference Grey Model (ODGM), Even Difference Grey Model (EDGM) and Discrete Grey Model (DGM), are put forward. The properties and characteristics of different models are studied and their equivalence are proved. The suitable sequences of different models are studied by simulation and analysis with homogeneous exponential sequences, nonhomogeneous exponential increasing sequences and vibration sequences.
Findings
The main conclusions have been obtained as follows: first, the three discrete models of ODGM, EDGM and DGM are suitable for homogeneous exponential sequences or sequences which close to a homogeneous exponential sequence; and second the EGM are suitable for nonhomogeneous exponential increasing sequences and vibration sequences.
Practical implications
The outcome obtained in this paper can be consulted for model selection in the course of practical modelling.
Originality/value
This paper systematically defined the four basic forms of model GM(1, 1) and studied their properties and characteristics, especially their suitable sequences. Although significant progress has been made in this field, such a systematic study on these models and their suitable sequences is still missing as far as we know. It can provide reference and basis for people to choose the correct model in the actual modelling process.
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Po-Chien Chang, Ting Wu and Juan Du
The purpose of this study is to examine the dual effects of the violation of psychological contract on patient’s antisocial behaviour via the mediator of patient trust and the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the dual effects of the violation of psychological contract on patient’s antisocial behaviour via the mediator of patient trust and the role of doctor-patient communication as a critical contingent variable in the psychological contract violation of patient’s antisocial behaviour relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from 483 hospitalized patients distributed in Shanxi province, China by using a self-administered survey.
Findings
The results indicated that psychological contract violation is positively associated with patient antisocial behaviour via patient trust. Moreover, the study found that doctor-patient communication moderates the mediated effects of psychological contract violation on patient’s antisocial behaviour through patient trust; that is, the mediated effect on antisocial behaviour is weaker when both doctor and patients have more communication.
Research limitations/implications
Due to a cross-sectional design in nature, the causal relationship cannot be developed based on the results. Despite the limitation, the present study provides insights for improving doctor-patient relationship by emphasizing the importance of increasing patient trust and doctor-patient communication.
Practical implications
To improve the quality of doctor-patient relationship, this study addresses the significance of properly showing understandings and care to regain mutual trust and reducing the likelihood of patient’s antisocial behaviour.
Social implications
The research findings have implications for both the health system and medical schools in China to reinforce the professional ethics and improve their medical humanities as the main concerns to generate a more sustainable doctor–patient relationship.
Originality/value
This study includes patient trust as a mediator and doctor-patient communication as a moderator to investigate the moderated mediation relationship among patients and medical professionals. By further examining the doctor-patient relationship, the results may not only help improve the efficient implementation of medical practices but also support the institutes and develop medical professionals for more positive doctor-patient relationships.