While an increasing number of global brands are of emerging country origin, research about emerging global brands remains scare. The purpose of this paper is to provide the first…
Abstract
Purpose
While an increasing number of global brands are of emerging country origin, research about emerging global brands remains scare. The purpose of this paper is to provide the first theoretical effort to understand how consumers in the developed regions evaluate global brands from emerging countries. Building on globalization and social identity theory, the paper aims to shed light on the effect of global identity on consumer attitude toward emerging global brands, the process of such effect, and the boundary condition for it as well.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors used two non-student surveys in the USA and UK in which respondents’ global identity was measured and two laboratory experiments in which respondents’ global identity was primed. The operationalization of dependent variables is also divergent, either directly measuring attitude toward the global brands from developing countries or measuring consumer relative evaluation. Convergent results were reported from four studies.
Findings
The results show that when consumers’ global (vs local) identity is accessible, those from developed regions will show more favorable evaluations of global brands from emerging countries. And this effect is mediated by the positive association between global identity and globalization. Further, this effect emerged when consumers view global and local cultures as compatible with each other but disappeared when consumers view global and local cultures as oppositional to each other.
Practical implications
The findings have practical implications for global brand marketers from emerging economies to enter developed country markets, and to make their brands real global. Specifically, global identity consumers should be targeted and the compatible view of global and local cultures should be pronounced.
Originality/value
Focusing on global brands from emerging countries, this paper examines the global identity effect in developed country markets for the first time. The finding add new knowledge to the literature of globalization, global branding, and assimilation effect of global identity, and help to reconcile the heated debate on whether country of origin is still relevant to the globalized world.
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Jian-Gen Liu, Yi-Ying Feng and Hong-Yi Zhang
The purpose of this paper is to construct the algebraic traveling wave solutions of the (3 + 1)-dimensional modified KdV-Zakharov-Kuznetsve (KdV-Z-K) equation, which can be…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to construct the algebraic traveling wave solutions of the (3 + 1)-dimensional modified KdV-Zakharov-Kuznetsve (KdV-Z-K) equation, which can be usually used to express shallow water wave phenomena.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors apply the planar dynamical systems and invariant algebraic cure approach to find the algebraic traveling wave solutions and rational solutions of the (3 + 1)-dimensional modified KdV-Z-K equation. Also, the planar dynamical systems and invariant algebraic cure approach is applied to considered equation for finding algebraic traveling wave solutions.
Findings
As a result, the authors can find that the integral constant is zero and non-zero, the algebraic traveling wave solutions have different evolutionary processes. These results help to better reveal the evolutionary mechanism of shallow water wave phenomena and find internal connections.
Research limitations/implications
The paper presents that the implemented methods as a powerful mathematical tool deal with (3 + 1)-dimensional modified KdV-Z-K equation by using the planar dynamical systems and invariant algebraic cure.
Practical implications
By considering important characteristics of algebraic traveling wave solutions, one can understand the evolutionary mechanism of shallow water wave phenomena and find internal connections.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the algebraic traveling wave solutions have not been reported in other places. Finally, the algebraic traveling wave solutions nonlinear dynamics behavior was shown.
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Wei-Fen Chen, Xue Wang, Haiyan Gao and Ying-Yi Hong
The purpose of this paper is to explore some specific, current social phenomena in China that may influence consumers’ ethical beliefs and practices, focusing on how some…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore some specific, current social phenomena in China that may influence consumers’ ethical beliefs and practices, focusing on how some top-down, social and political changes could shape consumer behavior that needs to be understood in the Chinese context.
Design/methodology/approach
Extensive literature was critically reviewed to explore recent macro-societal reforms in China and their impact on consumers’ (un)ethical practices.
Findings
The authors lay out how China, a government-led society, underwent a series of political reforms resulting in demographic shifts that differentiate it from its western, industrialized counterparts. The authors connect these societal changes with Chinese characteristics to consumers’ ethical evaluations, forming a new angle to understand consumer ethics in China. The authors also draw on two empirical examples to illustrate the argument.
Originality/value
While consumer ethics are often explained by either cultural factors or individual variations, the authors discuss how one’s ethical practice is shaped by one’s social position, which is a product of national-level public policy. The discussions have ramifications for the study of consumers’ social class and ethical practices because they take into account the elusive social positions and ambiguous social class consciousness of the Chinese population that have resulted from social mobility. The discussions may give practitioners a better understanding of the ethical rationale behind consumers’ changing lifestyles especially in the Chinese context.
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Angela Yung Chi Hou, Christopher Hong-Yi Tao, Kyle Zi-Wei Zhou, Arianna Fang Yu Lin, Edward Hung Cheng Su and Ying Chen
In 2022, the International Network for Quality Assurance (QA) Agencies in Higher Education (INQAAHE) published the new guidelines by adding three QA modules in response to the…
Abstract
Purpose
In 2022, the International Network for Quality Assurance (QA) Agencies in Higher Education (INQAAHE) published the new guidelines by adding three QA modules in response to the changing higher education landscape. The paper aims to investigate the transformative focus of quality assurance in higher education globally as well as Asian response to three new QA modules according to the INQAAHE ISGs.
Design/methodology/approach
The research conducted a quantitative approach for data collection. An on-line survey was conducted to perceive QA practices, perceptions toward new emerging QA modules and challenges encountered. In total, there were 26 responses from 18 territories with 22 QA agencies. A total of 13 out of them have a national qualifications framework in place.
Findings
Three are three major findings in the study. First, national policy and criteria and standards in distance education have been developed in the majority of Asian nations. Second, non-signatories of the Tokyo Convention had a higher proportion of having related policies, regulations and criteria in CBHE and distance education. Third, national policies and regulations; and lack of professional staff are two common challenges implementing QA in new types of providers.
Originality/value
The findings are of value for policymakers, QA agencies and universities to advocate the new QA model as a systematic approach in response to changing higher education landscape in the post pandemic era.
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The purpose of this study was constructed a behavioral observation scale for avoiding food waste from the point of view of Chinese cuisine, used as an evaluation tool to examine…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was constructed a behavioral observation scale for avoiding food waste from the point of view of Chinese cuisine, used as an evaluation tool to examine food waste in the process of food preparation for hospitality students in Taiwan.
Design/methodology/approach
The status of food handling in the preparation process was understood through a literature review and interviews. In addition, the indicators that may cause food waste behaviors were established, and the observation and self-evaluation scales of food waste behaviors in the preparation process were developed.
Findings
Avoiding water waste, removing excessive edible parts, avoiding waste on seasonings, avoiding cooking for too long and avoiding water stains in the cleaning process were considered by both the observers and the students as items for improvement in the cooking process. The results of this study will help in understanding the intervention in the teaching practice of avoiding students’ food waste behaviors.
Research limitations/implications
This study can only be based on the test results of the current observation behaviors. Meanwhile, many factors need to be taken into consideration, such as the differences in the amount of knowledge students have about food waste, the differences in preparation techniques, and other different factors, which may lead to differences in the research results.
Originality/value
The behavioral observation and self-evaluation behavior scales of “exploring food waste behaviors in the preparation process” were developed and implemented for the current status. The differences between the results of the observation scale and the self-evaluation scale were compared. In addition, the behaviors that may cause students’ food waste were pointed out. Then, the direction of the teaching content was formulated, and the curriculum plan integrating the content of avoiding food waste into teaching was evaluated. Furthermore, the scales can be applied to kitchen staff handling food materials to understand the current situation of their food handling, which can be used as a driving tool for restaurants to reduce food waste.
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Guofu Qiao, Yi Hong, Tiejun Liu and Jinping Ou
The aim of this paper was to investigate the passive corrosion control and active corrosion protective effect of the reinforced concrete structures by electrochemical chloride…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper was to investigate the passive corrosion control and active corrosion protective effect of the reinforced concrete structures by electrochemical chloride removal (ECR) method and inhibitors approach, respectively.
Design/methodology/approach
The concentration of aggressive chloride ion distributed from the reinforcing steel to the surface of the concrete cover was analyzed during the ECR processes. Besides, the half-cell potential, the concrete resistance R c, the polarization resistance R p and the capacitance of double layer C dl of the steel/concrete system were used to characterize the electrochemical performance of the concrete prisms.
Findings
The effectiveness of ECR could be enhanced by increasing the amplitude of potential or prolonging the time. Inhibitor SBT-ZX(I) could successfully prevent the corrosion development of the reinforcing steel in concrete.
Originality/value
The research provides the scientific basis for the practical application of ECR and inhibitors in the field.
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Terence Y.M. Lam and Malvern Tipping
Sale-and-leaseback has become an increasingly common approach during the last two decades in the investment of high street banks (banking-halls) in the UK. One measure commonly…
Abstract
Purpose
Sale-and-leaseback has become an increasingly common approach during the last two decades in the investment of high street banks (banking-halls) in the UK. One measure commonly used in making property investment decisions is the all risks yield (ARY) which is associated with the level of rental income. Investors and their advisors need to know which factors are likely to result in the highest ARY when assembling investment portfolios of such properties. The purpose of this paper is to identify those yield influences.
Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative multiple-case study was adopted. A literature review generated a hypothesis which was tested by a qualitative study, based upon semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire, to establish the influencing factors. Expert interviews were held with the heads of those three major auction-houses dealing with auctions of all retail bank premises in the Great Britain market, whilst the questionnaire survey involved investment professionals from within the auction-houses.
Findings
The study confirmed that the four factors influencing yields and investors’ decision-making when purchasing retail banking premises were tenant banking company (brand names), regional location (north and south super-regions), lot size (hammer price), and tenure (freehold or leasehold).
Research limitations/implications
This investigation focuses on Great Britain’s geographical and political area which includes England, Scotland and Wales, but excludes Northern Ireland. This research focuses on banking-halls as a sub-class of retail property investment. The findings form a baseline upon which further research can be conducted on other sub-types of retail property such as high street shops and retail parks. The results will also underpin the development of a quantitative yield predictive model based on regression analysis.
Practical implications
To maximize the returns on property investments, investors and their professional advisors can use those factors having the greatest influence on yields to make informed investment decisions for the building of property portfolios.
Originality/value
As a sub-sector, bank premises do not necessarily correlate to the generic retail sector. This research consolidates the broad systematic drivers of retail yields into specific factors influencing the ARY of banking-halls. The findings provide better understanding of an active but sparsely analysed sub-market of banking hall investments, and by so-doing help investors to maximize their investment returns.
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Hassan Ashraf, Alishbah Ali, Riza Yosia Sunindijo, Ahsen Maqsoom, Shoeb Ahmed Memon and Muhammad Usman Hassan
This research aims to examine the influence of workers' identification with their supervisors on safety behaviour in construction projects.
Abstract
Purpose
This research aims to examine the influence of workers' identification with their supervisors on safety behaviour in construction projects.
Design/methodology/approach
Employing the job demands–resources theory, this research tested the relationships among relational identification as a personal resource, respectful engagement as a job resource, employee safety voice as a positive work behaviour and safety behaviour as the outcome. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse 120 quantitative data collected using a questionnaire survey.
Findings
Relational identification, which reflects workers' identification with their supervisors, is a significant predictor of safety behaviour. Furthermore, respectful engagement and employee safety voice sequentially mediate the relationship between relational identification and safety behaviour.
Research limitations/implications
The internalisation of safety norms, values and practices in construction projects is contingent on the identification of workers with their supervisors.
Originality/value
Safety behaviour of workers is a significant predictor of safety performance in construction projects. Research on numerous antecedents of safety behaviour points out that leadership is a significant predictor of construction workers' safe behaviour. Contributing to research on construction safety leadership, this research found that leader-subordinate relationship is key to make construction workers more psychologically ready to internalise the importance of safety behaviours at work.
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Aybeniz Akdeniz Ar and Ali Kara
The purpose of this study is to explore the country of production (COP) image, trust and quality perceptions of Turkish consumers for well-known global brands that are produced in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the country of production (COP) image, trust and quality perceptions of Turkish consumers for well-known global brands that are produced in China.
Design/methodology/approach
Using the mall-intercept survey method from the 17 largest cities in Turkey, 3,373 consumers were interviewed about their thoughts on the COP images, trust and quality perceptions of well-known global brands.
Findings
Study findings show that the COP had a significant negative effect on brand image, brand trust and perceived quality of the global brands when consumers learned that China was the COP. Product type also influenced the intensity of the negative perceptions. Quality perceptions, image and trust were found to be highly correlated with purchase intentions.
Research limitations/implications
Consumers’ levels of involvement with the products used in this study might be different in different countries. Different variables (such as lifestyles and personality) could provide additional explanation for the strength of the relationships identified between the COP information and quality perceptions. Global brands with different brand strength levels could be evaluated differently by the consumers.
Practical implications
When a consumer product is manufactured in a country with unfavorable perceptions, well-known or recognized brands are not immune to the negative influences of the COP effect on brand image, quality and purchase intentions.
Originality/value
The study used large-scale representative data collected from consumers in the actual shopping environment and examined the influence of the COP on perceived quality and purchase intentions of global brands in an emerging market.
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The inclusion of esports as an official event in the Hangzhou Asian Games is an important step towards the institutionalisation of esports. The significance of this event marks…
Abstract
The inclusion of esports as an official event in the Hangzhou Asian Games is an important step towards the institutionalisation of esports. The significance of this event marks that Asia once again takes a lead in the global esportisation. This chapter investigates a series of history events in the inclusion process of esports into the comprehensive Games in Asia using process sociology and actor network theory (ANT). This study will analyse the type characteristics of esports events in Hangzhou Asian Games, whilst examining how key stakeholders' interact and balance in the network composed of international sports organisations, host of the event, emerging esports organisations and esports game companies. The chapter also examines the functions of global game industrial economic geography, local cultural politics, esports geopolitics and Olympic values in esports sportization, aiming to reveal the implications of esports inclusion in the Asian Games on the debate of whether esports meets the criteria to be classified as a ‘sport’ and its enlightenment of digital strategy to the inclusion esports in the Olympics.