Yunjiang Dong, Neal Willcott, Xingwei Yang and Yan Yang
This paper examines the relationship between Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology development and firm growth. Specifically, it aims to explore how the availability of AI…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines the relationship between Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology development and firm growth. Specifically, it aims to explore how the availability of AI influences firm growth and whether larger firms benefit more from AI-driven technological advancements compared to smaller firms.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a dataset from CRSP-Compustat covering public firms from 1975 to 2023, this study employs price per memory (PPM) as a proxy for AI technology accessibility to assess its impact on firm growth. The analysis focuses on three key growth metrics: total assets, tangible assets and market capitalization. By examining how data processing capacity influences these growth rates, the study compares the performance of large firms to small firms. A panel data regression is conducted, controlling for macroeconomic trends and industry-specific effects on firm growth. Additionally, the study investigates the heterogeneous impacts of AI technology accessibility across firms of different sizes.
Findings
The findings reveal that PPM, as a proxy for AI technology availability, significantly affects firm growth. Specifically, larger firms experience faster growth, especially in recent years, as AI technology becomes more accessible and cost-effective. These results suggest that large firms gain the most substantial benefits from AI advancements, further widening the growth gap between large and small firms.
Originality/value
This research extends prior studies on the impact of AI on firm growth by introducing PPM as a novel proxy for AI availability. It provides new insights into how AI technologies disproportionately benefit larger firms and offers important policy implications regarding firm financing and information regulation. This study also highlights areas for future empirical research on the role of AI in the financial industry.
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Yan Yang, Jing Hu and Bang Nguyen
The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of the feeling awe on individuals' endorsement of conformist attitudes in consumption choices and the mediating role of social…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of the feeling awe on individuals' endorsement of conformist attitudes in consumption choices and the mediating role of social connectedness in generating this effect.
Design/methodology/approach
We test our hypotheses across three studies. Study 1 used an online survey. Study 2 and 3 conducted two laboratory experiments to induce awe and measured consumer conformity in two consumption choice tasks.
Findings
This research shows that both dispositional awe and induced awe can increase individuals' preferences for majority-endorsed vs. minority-endorsed choice alternatives in subsequently unrelated consumption situations, and this effect is mediated by perceptions of social connectedness with other decision-makers.
Practical implications
Marketers can promote the sales of mass-market products through inducing awe.
Social implications
Public regulators could utilize people's incidental awe as an effective policy intervention to nudge individual cooperation in some cases.
Originality/value
The research is the first to demonstrate a novel consequence of awe on consumer decision-making. It also highlights the significance of desire for social connectedness that explains why the feeling of awe develops conformity to the opinions of unknown people.
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Ming Zhang, Hantao Zhang, WeiYe Tao, Yan Yang and Yingjun Sang
This study aims to solve the problem that both the speed and the required driving power of electric vehicles (EVs) will change during the dynamic wireless charging (DWC) process…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to solve the problem that both the speed and the required driving power of electric vehicles (EVs) will change during the dynamic wireless charging (DWC) process, making it difficult to charge EVs with a constant power considering the overall efficiency of DWC system, the numbers of EVs and the power supply capacity. Therefore, this paper proposes the power control and efficiency optimization strategies for multiple EVs.
Design/methodology/approach
The wireless power charging system for multiple loads with a structure of double-sided LCC compensation topology is established. The expressions of optimal transmission efficiency and optimal equivalent impedance are derived. Taking the Tesla Model 3 as an example, a method to determine the number of EVs allowed by one transmitter coil and the overall charging power is proposed considering EV speed, power supply capacity, safe braking distance and overall efficiency. Then, the power control strategy, which can adapt to the changes of EV speed and the efficiency optimization strategy under different numbers of EVs are proposed.
Findings
In this paper, a method to determine the numbers of EVs allowed by one transmitter coil and the overall charging power is proposed considering EVs speed, power supply capacity, safe braking distance and overall efficiency. The accuracy of the charging power is good enough and the overall efficiency reaches a maximum of 91.79% when the load resistance changes from 5Ω to 20Ω.
Originality/value
In this paper, the power control and efficiency optimization strategy of DWC system for multiple EVs are proposed. Specifically, a method of designing the number of EVs and charging power allowed by one transmitter coil considering the factors of EV speed, power supply capacity, safe braking distance and overall efficiency is designed. The overall efficiency of the experiment reaches a maximum of 91.79% after adopting the optimization strategy.
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Wei Gong, Xiao-Yan Wang, Xiao Wang, Wen Wang and Yan-Li Yang
To ensure the reliable and safe operation of elevated-temperature pipes and equipment in the long term, it is essential to thoroughly assess the creep rupture life. Nevertheless…
Abstract
Purpose
To ensure the reliable and safe operation of elevated-temperature pipes and equipment in the long term, it is essential to thoroughly assess the creep rupture life. Nevertheless, there is currently no design code that specifies a creep rupture life evaluation method for non-nuclear elevated-temperature equipment. The paper aims to discuss this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
An analysis was conducted to compare the differences and conservativeness in calculating creep strain using three major codes (ASME-CC-2843, API-579 and BS-7910) based on the results of the 316H creep constitutive model and creep strain prediction. In addition, the creep resistances of 316H, 304H and 347H were compared. Subsequently, the ANSYS Usercreep subroutine was developed to compare the discrepancies between different codes under multiaxial stress conditions using numerical simulations.
Findings
BS-7910 employs the Norton creep model with calculation parameters for the average creep strain rate, which is not applicable for the engineering design stage. ASME-CC2843 code primarily focuses on the primary and secondary creep stages, making it more suitable for non-nuclear pipeline and equipment design. For 316H, the creep strain curves predicted by ASME-CC2843 and API-579 typically intersect at a specific point. By combining the creep strain predicted by ASME-CC2843 and API-579, 347H exhibits superior predicted creep resistance compared to 316H, whereas 316H exhibited better predicted creep resistance than 304H.
Originality/value
This study provides a guide for future evaluation methods and material choices for non-nuclear equipment and pipelines operating at elevated temperatures.
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Junshan Hu, Xinyue Sun, Wei Tian, Shanyong Xuan, Yang Yan, Wang Changrui and Wenhe Liao
Aerospace assembly demands high drilling position accuracy for fastener holes. Hole position error correction is a key issue to meet the required hole position accuracy. This…
Abstract
Purpose
Aerospace assembly demands high drilling position accuracy for fastener holes. Hole position error correction is a key issue to meet the required hole position accuracy. This paper aims to propose a combined hole position error correction method to achieve high positioning accuracy.
Design/methodology/approach
The bilinear interpolation surface function based on the shape of the aerospace structure is capable of dealing with position error of non-gravity deformation. A gravity deformation model is developed based on mechanics theory to efficiently correct deformation error caused by gravity. Moreover, three solution strategies of the average, least-squares and genetic optimization algorithms are used to solve the coefficients in the gravity deformation model to further improve position accuracy and efficiency.
Findings
Experimental validation shows that the combined position error correction method proposed in this paper significantly reduces the position errors of fastener holes from 1.106 to 0.123 mm. The total position error is reduced by 43.49% compared with the traditional mechanics theory method.
Research limitations/implications
The position error correlation method could reach an accuracy of millimeter or submillimeter scale, which may not satisfy higher precision.
Practical implications
The proposed position error correction method has been integrated into the automatic drilling machine to ensure the drilling position accuracy.
Social implications
The proposed position error method could promote the wide application of automatic drilling and riveting machining system in aerospace industry.
Originality/value
A combined position error correction method and the complete roadmap for error compensation are proposed. The position accuracy of fastener holes is reduced stably below 0.2 mm, which can fulfill the requirements of aero-structural assembly.
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Yan Yang, Jun Shi, Zhijie Liu and Shuangyin Liu
This paper aims to study the boundary disturbance rejection control design for a flexible Timoshenko robot arm to diminish external disturbances and achieve desired angle…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the boundary disturbance rejection control design for a flexible Timoshenko robot arm to diminish external disturbances and achieve desired angle tracking, with system vibration and elastic deformation considered.
Design/methodology/approach
This study introduces disturbance observer and disturbance rejection mechanism into the boundary control design for flexible Timoshenko robot arm systems. The uniform bounded stability of controlled systems is proved via Lyapunov analysis without any simplification of the infinite-dimensional system dynamics.
Findings
The proposed boundary disturbance rejection control scheme can effectively suppress vibrations and shear deformations, achieve the required angular positioning and reject external disturbances. Numerical simulations developed by the finite difference method are adapted to demonstrate the validity of the designed controller.
Originality/value
The originality of this study is to design boundary disturbance rejection control to suppress vibrations and shear deformations for the flexible Timoshenko robot arm, thereby improving the performance and control accuracy of the system.
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Zhaoling Sun, Jiaguang Meng, Yanning Yang, Lingjie Yu and Chao Zhi
The purpose of the paper is to study the dyeing process of three-dimensional-printed (3DP) fabrics, and then study the wearability of the fabrics before and after dyeing to…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to study the dyeing process of three-dimensional-printed (3DP) fabrics, and then study the wearability of the fabrics before and after dyeing to provide a feasible dyeing method of 3DP clothes.
Design/methodology/approach
In this regard, the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was applied during the process of 3DP. Then, the imitation twill weave (ITW) was printed with fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology using TPU and the suspension of Disperse Blue 2BLN (as a dye) was prepared. After that, the single factor analysis and orthogonal experiment of dyeing were combined to obtain the optimized dyeing process. And then, ITW fabrics were dyed through the weak acid-low temperature dyeing method. In the end, in order to discuss the wearability of ITW fabrics, the dyeing experiments, including permeability, wrinkle recovery angle, bending rigidity, crock fastness and washing colorfastness were carried out.
Findings
The surface morphology of TPU before and after spinning was established by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), which was confirmed the surface of TPU getting smoother after spinning. The wearability of the fabric after dyeing was not affected compared with before dyeing. Moreover, both colorfastness grades were above 4–5 with high colorfastness.
Originality/value
The article provides a method for 3DP dyeing, which can solve the problem of a single color. And the wearability demonstrates that 3DP fabrics after dyeing-based TPU have more value for clothing than before dyeing.
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Jie Cen, Mian Wang, Yan Yang, Jing Li and Rongjian Yu
In the context of collaborative research and development (R&D), multi-actor participation and multi-resource integration of technological knowledge has become the mainstream…
Abstract
Purpose
In the context of collaborative research and development (R&D), multi-actor participation and multi-resource integration of technological knowledge has become the mainstream paradigm for the R&D and spillover of industry generic technology (GT). As GT's core characteristics, “fundamentality” and “externality,” make differential requests on knowledge bases regarding the R&D and spillover of GT (SGT). Knowledge breadth can enhance the generality of technology. The purpose of this paper is to integrate “generic technology R&D” and “generic technology spillover” into a single study, and try to solve the theoretical problem of “whether broader mean more general?”
Design/methodology/approach
This paper collects and collates the patent data from the two patent databases of Derwent and SooPAT, and then makes an empirical analysis of the patent data collected by the authors with the data analysis software Stata.
Findings
Taking 352 strategic emerging firms in China as the sample, this paper examined the effects of general knowledge breadth (GKB) and specific knowledge breadth (SKB) on the R&D and SGT. The authors concluded that both general and SKB have a positive effect on the R&D of GT (RGT), and the latter has a greater effect. There is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between SKB and SGT.
Originality/value
The theoretical contributions of this paper are as follows. GT can effectively link different technologies and knowledge fields (Gambardella and Giarratana, 2013; Appio et al., 2017a, b). Therefore, existing studies regard the role of knowledge breadth on the R&D and SGT as an existing hypothesis. This paper challenges such hypothesis in two ways. First, this paper divides knowledge breadth into “general knowledge breadth” and “specific knowledge breadth” in response to the insufficient division of knowledge breadth in previous research, although some existing studies have examined the antecedents of the R&D and SGT from the perspective of R&D and SGT. Thus, the authors define GKB as the scope of context-free knowledge and SKB as the scope of context-specific knowledge, both of which shows differential nature, source and application. Second, this paper decomposes the effect of knowledge breadth on RGT, as well as on SGT, basing on distinguishing the SKB from GKB. Existing research reaches a consensus of the positive role of knowledge breadth, no matter on RGT or SGT (e.g. Schmidt et al., 2016; Appio et al., 2017a, b). Yet, such hypothesis ignores the refinement and decomposition of “knowledge breadth” in the research field of R&D and SGT, which is essential in promoting the development of GT theory. In this paper, the authors find that these two types of knowledge breadths play different roles in the RGT, and especially SKB plays a double-edged sword effect on the SGT.
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Iván La Fé-Perdomo, Jorge Andres Ramos-Grez, Gerardo Beruvides and Rafael Alberto Mujica
The purpose of this paper is to outline some key aspects such as material systems used, phenomenological and statistical process modeling, techniques applied to monitor the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline some key aspects such as material systems used, phenomenological and statistical process modeling, techniques applied to monitor the process and optimization approaches reported. All these need to be taken into account for the ongoing development of the SLM technique, particularly in health care applications. The outcomes from this review allow not only to summarize the main features of the process but also to collect a considerable amount of investigation effort so far achieved by the researcher community.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews four significant areas of the selective laser melting (SLM) process of metallic systems within the scope of medical devices as follows: established and novel materials used, process modeling, process tracking and quality evaluation, and finally, the attempts for optimizing some process features such as surface roughness, porosity and mechanical properties. All the consulted literature has been highly detailed and discussed to understand the current and existing research gaps.
Findings
With this review, there is a prevailing need for further investigation on copper alloys, particularly when conformal cooling, antibacterial and antiviral properties are sought after. Moreover, artificial intelligence techniques for modeling and optimizing the SLM process parameters are still at a poor application level in this field. Furthermore, plenty of research work needs to be done to improve the existent online monitoring techniques.
Research limitations/implications
This review is limited only to the materials, models, monitoring methods, and optimization approaches reported on the SLM process for metallic systems, particularly those found in the health care arena.
Practical implications
SLM is a widely used metal additive manufacturing process due to the possibility of elaborating complex and customized tridimensional parts or components. It is corroborated that SLM produces minimal amounts of waste and enables optimal designs that allow considerable environmental advantages and promotes sustainability.
Social implications
The key perspectives about the applications of novel materials in the field of medicine are proposed.
Originality/value
The investigations about SLM contain an increasing amount of knowledge, motivated by the growing interest of the scientific community in this relatively young manufacturing process. This study can be seen as a compilation of relevant researches and findings in the field of the metal printing process.
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Lin-Sea Lau, Chee-Keong Choong and Cheong-Fatt Ng
This study aims to examine the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in the case of 100 developed and developing nations by taking into account the role of institutional…
Abstract
This study aims to examine the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in the case of 100 developed and developing nations by taking into account the role of institutional quality (IQ). Using generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators, we find an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions only in the developed world but not in the developing nations. It is also revealed that control of corruption plays a vital role in reducing CO2 emissions in high income countries. Furthermore, rule of law is found to have a beneficial effect on the environment in all countries except for low income countries. Overall, our results confirm the importance of IQ in reducing CO2 emissions. Additionally, foreign direct investment contributes to CO2 reduction in rich countries while deteriorates the environmental quality in developing nations. Trade openness was shown to exert a positive impact on environmental quality in developing countries. These findings can be of great importance to policy makers of different income groups in designing appropriate economic and environmental policies toward the dual goals of high growth and low pollution.