Yang Geng and Yulin Zhang
This paper aims to study the pricing strategies of an online trading platform with indirect network externalities by considering heterogeneous trading behavior in the downstream…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the pricing strategies of an online trading platform with indirect network externalities by considering heterogeneous trading behavior in the downstream market and the long tail.
Design/methodology/approach
The game theory, optimization and comparative static are used in this research. The equilibria are derived from the game theory, and with them, the authors optimize the platform’s profit function. Comparative static is used to study pricing strategies.
Findings
It is found that with heterogeneous trading behavior, the transaction-based model is more profitable than the subscription-based model by reason of the feasibility of “price discrimination”. However, with certain advantages of subscription fees such as avoiding offline transactions, the subscription-based model is better with a concentrated distribution of sellers’ revenues (the Gini coefficient is small). With a lucrative long tail, the platform should set a low price to attract small sellers in the long tail. Besides, if the Gini coefficient is large, the effects of the market entry barrier of sellers on the optimal price in each model may be opposite.
Research limitations/implications
It implies that the choice of revenue models and pricing strategies are influenced by the Gini coefficient or the long tail. The exogenous setting in which buyers can use the platform for free needs further extension.
Practical implications
The authors provide insights on how to choose revenue models and how to price the sellers with the long tail phenomenon.
Originality/value
This paper emphasizes the role of the long tail on pricing strategies and the effect of heterogeneous trading behavior on model selection.
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Xujian Zhao, Hui Zhang, Chunming Yang and Bo Li
In recent years, a great number of top conferences and workshops on artificial intelligence (AI) were held in China, showing Chinese AI plays an important role in the world…
Abstract
In recent years, a great number of top conferences and workshops on artificial intelligence (AI) were held in China, showing Chinese AI plays an important role in the world. Meanwhile, Chinese government announced an ambitious scheme, “New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan,” for the country to become a world leader in AI technologies by 2030. The AI research in China has covered various aspects, ranging from chips to algorithms. This chapter attempts to give an overview of the recent advances of AI research and development in China, as well as some perspectives on the future development of AI in China.
David G McMillan and Pornsawan Evans
The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of equity ownership of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) for over 2,000 listed firms in China. The paper examines both the pattern…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of equity ownership of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) for over 2,000 listed firms in China. The paper examines both the pattern of state ownership and the dynamics of stock returns and volatility. Firms under the control of SOEs dominate the Chinese stock markets and currently account for over three-quarters of total market capitalisation. Central SOEs are focused in strategic industries, while Local SOEs concentrate on pillar industries relating to consumer goods and services.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors obtain firm-level data from the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets and using panel estimation techniques examine the dynamics of returns, volatility and their relationship.
Findings
The authors report an increase in state control among listed firms compared to earlier reported figures. This is contradictory to the expectation of a lower state influence following China joining of the World Trade Organisation in 2001. In examining the behaviour of stock returns the authors find evidence of daily and monthly autocorrelations that are larger and of a different sign to that reported for western markets. The authors also report evidence of volatility persistence but little evidence of volatility asymmetry, again in contrast to that often reported for other markets. Finally, the authors find evidence of either no or a negative relationship between returns and volatility (risk) that differs from our usual view of risk aversion.
Originality/value
It is hoped, knowledge of these dynamics will increase the understanding of the Chinese equity market, which in turn is important for those engaged in international portfolio management and micro-structure modelling.
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Pianpian Yang, Yufan Jiang, Yuxi Lin, Shuang Geng and Rui Wang
The growing number of firms leveraging social media ads highlight the urgent need for firms to understand social media ads and their effects on consumer perceptions and attitudes…
Abstract
Purpose
The growing number of firms leveraging social media ads highlight the urgent need for firms to understand social media ads and their effects on consumer perceptions and attitudes. This research examines whether and how different types of social media ads exert influences on ad engagement and how consumers’ psychological characteristics including regulatory orientation and lay rationalism moderate the influence of social media ads on ad engagement.
Design/methodology/approach
This research conducts three quasi experiments featuring two types of social media ads – interactive and transactional – to collect empirical evidence. Results are analyzed using ANOVA and Process in SPSS.
Findings
This research reveals that interactive ads lead to higher perceived enjoyment and perceived responsiveness, which further lead to higher ad engagement. Promotion focus moderates the effect of social media ads (interactive vs transactional ads) on perceived enjoyment and perceived responsiveness, and lay rationalism moderates the effect on perceived responsiveness, while prevention focus has no such effect.
Originality/value
First, this research establishes the connection between ad types and ad engagement in social media, which offers a new perspective to understand ad engagement. Second, it explores the underlying mechanisms of processing different types of social media ads. Third, it justifies the moderating effects of consumers’ regulatory orientation and lay rationalism on the effects of ad types on ad engagement, providing the first evidence on the moderating role of consumers’ lay rationalism in ad processing. This research helps firm marketers to fine-tune their social media ads according to consumer characteristics.
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Dorit Zimand Sheiner, Ofrit Kol and Shalom Levy
Studying the effect of social media advertising on consumer engagement, this study analyzes the impact of shared-experience versus personal message strategies, informational…
Abstract
Purpose
Studying the effect of social media advertising on consumer engagement, this study analyzes the impact of shared-experience versus personal message strategies, informational versus transformational creative appeals and low-involvement products versus high-involvement products. It aims to determine how best to combine ad elements to affect consumer engagement on different levels.
Design/methodology/approach
Using an online survey among 448 Facebook users, an experimental factorial design of 2 (message strategy conditions) X 2 (creative appeal conditions) X 2 (product types: TV vs. frozen pizza) was used. Each advertisement was evaluated on three facets of engagement: cognitive, psychological and behavioral.
Findings
Results indicate that informational appeal is preferable for all conditions. The effectiveness of message strategy differs by product type, and interactions between message and appeal are significant only for the high-involvement product. Additionally, it indicates that message strategy is most significant in affecting behavioral engagement and not necessarily cognitive or psychological engagement.
Practical implications
To develop effective Facebook ads, practitioners should use a personal/informational combination when working with high-involvement products and a shared-experience/informational combination when working with low-involvement products.
Originality/value
An original grid for integrating message strategy and creative appeal is constructed in this paper. Besides behavioral engagement, it also evaluates cognitive and psychological engagement. By comparing products with a high and low involvement level, it provides marketers with actionable recommendations to increase social media campaign effectiveness.
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Hemalatha J., Anjel Raj Y., Panboli S. and Aravindh Kumaran L.
The purpose of this study is to identify and validate the key consumer-related factors influencing consumer attitude toward electric vehicles (EVs) and intention to purchase EVs…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify and validate the key consumer-related factors influencing consumer attitude toward electric vehicles (EVs) and intention to purchase EVs. The role of consumer attitude in mediating consumer-related factors and intention to buy is also explored in this study. Consumer-related factors considered in this study include environmental orientation (EO), new technology orientation (NTO), social orientation (SO) and perceived monetary benefits (PMB).
Design/methodology/approach
Data for the study were collected from individuals who do not own an EV in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Data were collected from 388 respondents using Google Forms. Convenience sampling technique was used to identify the respondents. Both descriptive and inferential statistics techniques were used to analyze data collected.
Findings
The study identified EO, SO and PMB as antecedents of attitude (ATT) toward EV and NTO, SO and PMB as potential drivers of EV purchase intention (PI). In addition, the authors also observe that EO is fully mediated by ATT toward consumer PI, whereas ATT partially mediates the relationship between the independent variables SO and PMB and the dependent variable PI.
Practical implications
EVs are at the forefront of automotive innovation. Automobile industries producing EVs showcase a commitment to embracing cutting-edge technology, positioning their companies as forward-thinking and technologically advanced. Creating awareness about EV technology, dispelling myths about range anxiety and charging times should be done methodologically. The lower operating costs of EVs and the government policies that reduce the total cost of ownership can lead to faster market penetration. The widespread adoption of EVs can contribute to a nation’s economic growth by adding new businesses in the industry, infrastructure development and job creation.
Social implications
The reduced environmental impact of EVs, such as improved air quality and reduced greenhouse gas emissions, can lead to significant societal benefits in terms of better human health and mitigating the effects of climate change. Governments can leverage these benefits to achieve climate targets and improve public health.
Originality/value
Studies about EV diffusion and adoption in India are yet to gain momentum considering the slow penetration of EVs in the Indian automobile market. The Indian Government is enforcing policies and incentives to accelerate the adoption of EVs. However, without understanding the drivers of consumer EV adoption, it is difficult for policymakers to accelerate the growth of the EV market. The present study is one step toward understanding the same in its original sense.
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Yi-Chun Huang, Chih-Hsuan Huang and Min-Li Yang
The purpose of this paper is to explore how internal and external factors simultaneously drive firms to adopt green supply chain (GSC) initiatives and to construct a comprehensive…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how internal and external factors simultaneously drive firms to adopt green supply chain (GSC) initiatives and to construct a comprehensive research model by drawing upon institutional theory, stewardship theory, and view of performance.
Design/methodology/approach
The data collected from 380 manufacturers in the electrical and electronics industries in Taiwan were analyzed via structural equation modeling and bootstrapping.
Findings
First, institutional pressures affect the GSC initiatives of firms. Second, institutional pressures influence the environmental stewardship behaviors (ESBs) of managers. Third, the ESBs of managers affect the GSC initiatives of firms. Fourth, the GSC initiatives of firms influence their environmental performance, economic performance, and competitiveness. Fifth, the bootstrapping results reveal that institutional pressures indirectly affect the GSC initiatives of firms through the ESBs of managers.
Research limitations/implications
Environmental sustainability has intensified the need for firms to develop a corporate culture. Future research can investigate the relationship among the institutional pressures, greening corporate culture, and GSC initiatives of firms.
Practical implications
Those managers facing institutional pressures must continually focus on the effects of external factors on the GSC initiatives of their firms. They must also increase their commitment and support to such initiatives to attain favorable levels of environmental performance, economic performance, and competitiveness.
Originality/value
This study integrates four streams of literature on institutional theory, stewardship theory, GSC initiatives, and view of performance. Apart from analyzing field- and organization-level data simultaneously, this paper is also the first to demonstrate the relationships among institutional pressures, ESBs of managers, GSC initiatives, and firm performance.
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Taiwen Feng, Zhiyi Li, Haiqing Shi and Wenbo Jiang
Based on upper echelons theory and social contagion theory, this study aims to explore how to translate leader sustainability orientation (LSO) into green supply chain integration…
Abstract
Purpose
Based on upper echelons theory and social contagion theory, this study aims to explore how to translate leader sustainability orientation (LSO) into green supply chain integration (GSCI) by green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO), as well as the moderating effects of four dimensions of organizational learning capability (OLC).
Design/methodology/approach
This study conducts hierarchical regression analysis using multi-sourced survey data collected in 264 Chinese companies to examine hypotheses.
Findings
The results indicate that LSO has positive influences on green supplier and customer integration. Furthermore, GEO partially mediates the impacts of LSO on green supplier and customer integration. Managerial commitment positively moderates the impact of LSO on GEO, while other dimensions such as systems perspective, openness and experimentation and knowledge transfer and integration have non-significant moderating effects.
Originality/value
This study enriches the existing research on internal drivers of GSCI and contributes to the understanding of the direct impact of LSO and mediating effects of GEO. This study extends social contagion theory boundaries by investigating the moderating effects of OLC on the relationship between LSO and GEO.
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Proposes a finite element method for numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic model of semiconductor devices. Presents some scaling factors and a variational formulation. Uses the…
Abstract
Proposes a finite element method for numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic model of semiconductor devices. Presents some scaling factors and a variational formulation. Uses the P1 ‐ isoP2 element to discretize this formulation and the GMRES (Generalized Minimum RESidual) algorithm to solve the associated non‐linear system. Proposes an artificial viscous term to stabilize the non‐linear system. Gives a choice for an initial solution. Presents the numerical solutions for n+ ‐ n ‐ n+ diodes and 0.25μm gate length Si MESFETs. Calculates a shock wave at 300K. Observes velocity overshoot phenomenon and the effect of heat conduction term.
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Augusto Bargoni, Chiara Giachino, Enrico Battisti and Lea Iaia
The purpose of this study is to investigate how influencer endorsement services stimulate funding intention in the context of crowdfunding (donation- and reward-based) and the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate how influencer endorsement services stimulate funding intention in the context of crowdfunding (donation- and reward-based) and the moderating role played by platform trufvst and funder expertise.
Design/methodology/approach
To explore the effects of influencer endorsement services (i.e. perceived congruence, social influence and motivation) on funding intention in different crowdfunding campaigns, the authors developed a conceptual model tested using structural equation modelling. The authors also investigated two potential moderators underlying this relationship: platform trust and funder expertise.
Findings
The results of the study indicate that there was a positive effect of influencer endorsement services through the dimension congruence and the funding intention, both for reward- and donation-based crowdfunding. Moreover, they suggest that while perceived congruence has a positive effect on funding intention, when the two contexts are compared, only the moderating roles of platform trust over motivation and the funder expertise over motivation are significant and relevant.
Practical implications
The study has implications for both funders and those who seek to raise money for crowdfunding campaigns. The results offer new insights for developing effective crowdfunding campaigns, e.g. leveraging communication strategies based on the context of the crowdfunding (reward- vs donation-based) and the use of influencers as endorsers.
Originality/value
The present study is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first to examine the impact of influencer endorsement services on crowdfunding campaigns, shedding new light on the interdisciplinary connections between service marketing and entrepreneurial finance in terms of fundraising activities. The study opens new and previously under-investigated interdisciplinary research streams. It deepens our understanding of a particular issue relating to the marketing and crowdfunding domain by measuring the impact of the influencer’s endorsement on people’s intention to participate in two different campaigns.