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The authors position security measures and payment culture as key determinants of perceived security (PS) and trust. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate how PS and trust affect users’ attitude toward mobile payment use and why mobile payment has developed differently in the USA and in China.

Empirical data were collected from a survey conducted both in China and in the USA. The whole sample consists of 186 Chinese and 196 Americans. Partial least squares analysis was conducted to test the proposed relationships and multigroup comparison analysis was performed to examine the differences in the coefficients of those relationships between Chinese and the US model.

The findings show that payment culture (measured by coverage of mobile payment context (CMPC) and uncertainty avoidance (UA)) and security measures (measured by security technology protection (STP), security rules and policies (SRP), and security responsibility commitment (SRC)) have significantly positive impacts on the PS and trust, except that the positive impact of security on trust is not supported. The impacts of CMPC and PS on trust in the USA are significantly smaller than those in China, whereas the impacts of security measures and UA on PS and trust do not show significant differences between the two countries.

Respondents of this study are selected from young educated population, the major users of mobile payment in 2015. However, recently with the increasing penetration of mobile payment, major mobile payment users are not only limited to young educated population, and thus there may be new findings after extending the range of respondents’ age. Since the research subjects in this study are the mobile payment of China and the USA, the authors could also expect different findings when the research subjects are extended or changed to other countries because of different mobile payment cultures across countries.

Findings in this paper will help mobile payment service providers to know the determinants of their users’ behavior intention and to take measures to improve these determinants, and these findings can also provide mobile payment service providers with insights into the differences in mobile payment use between the two countries and suggestions of measures that they can take to increase users’ attitude toward mobile payment use. Furthermore, the findings of this paper also help these providers globalize efficiently by paying more attention to those antecedents.

The findings in this paper show that there is no difference in the impacts of UA and security measures on PS and trust between China and the USA. However, the impacts of PS and CMPC on trust in China are significantly higher than those in the USA. This is because that globalization has made people from different countries hold similar UA, whereas the CMPC, a construct refers to the business environment of mobile payment, is still very different between China and the USA.

This study extends prior studies of attitude toward mobile payment use through proposing that security measures and payment culture are key determinants of PS and trust and examining the role of PS and trust on the attitude. Furthermore, the empirical findings will not only provide mobile payment service providers with important insights into the differences in mobile payment adoption between the two countries, but also help these providers globalize efficiently by paying more attention to those antecedents.

Keberkesanan penyampaian sesuatu maklumat memerlukan individu, alat mahupun saluran yang unggul dan bersesuaian. Usaha ini haruslah dirancang dan dipertimbangkan dengan teliti oleh pihak tertentu agar setiap apa yang ingin disampaikan dan dilaksanakan itu dapat diberigakan dengan mudah dan berkesan. Dari itu, penggunaan bahasa retorik dilihat sebagai batu loncatan yang memberikan keyakinan dan tahap keberkesanan yang tinggi bagi sesebuah wacana yang disampaikan tersebut. Kewibawaan retorik sebagai seni yang mempengaruhi bukan sahaja berperanan untuk memperkukuhkan kekuasaan mahupun mempengaruhi fikiran dan emosi orang lain namun sebaliknya mampu menstimulasikan keseimbangan hubungan sosial yang terbentuk melalui sistem pemerintahan sesebuah negara. Melalui penyelidikan ini, setiap ciri khas retorik dapat diketengahkan dengan menghuraikan peranan dan fungsi-fungsi yang dimainkan oleh jenis-jenis retorik dalam penulisan sesebuah wacana. Hal ini khusus bagi mengilustrasikan idea, gagasan mahupun suatu fakta terhadap sesuatu pendekatan dengan cara yang kreatif dan terbaik. Di samping itu, keutamaan bagi penerapan bahasa retorik dalam perutusan kerajaan seharusnya dapat diperkasakan sewajarnya dengan menjadikannya sebagai anjakan paradigma ke arah perpaduan dan nilai kesaksamaan dalam masyarakat. Justeru, kajian ini memanfaatkan Teori Retorik Moden oleh Enos dan Brown (1993) sebagai landasan utama dalam menganalisis sejumlah 20 perutusan rasmi berkaitan jangkitan covid-19 di Negara Brunei Darussalam. Berdasarkan pemerhatian dan penganalisisan yang dijalankan, hanya empat jenis retorik yang diaplikasikan dalam wacana tersebut. Kesimpulan statistik merangkumi 34% teknik pendedahan, 30% teknik penerangan, 33% teknik pemujukan dan hanya 3% bagi teknik penghujahan. Dapatan penyelidikan ini membuktikan bahawa penggunaan bahasa retorik dalam perutusan rasmi kerajaan adalah amat penting dalam memperkukuhkan sistem pemerintahan negara serta mampu melestarikan cara hidup yang relevan dan berkualiti.

The effectiveness of delivering information requiresindividuals, tools or channels that are superior and appropriate. This effort must be planned and considered carefully so that everything that is to be conveyed and implemented can be conveyed easily and effectively. Therefore, the use of rhetorical language is regarded as a stepping stone that provides confidence and a higher level of effectiveness. `Rhetoric as an influential art not only plays a role in strengthening power or influencing the thoughts and emotions of others but also stimulate sthe balance of social relations. Through this research, each rhetorical feature is highlighted to discuss its role and functions in the discourse. Using Enos and Brown’s Modern Rhetorical Theory (1993), a total of 20 official conferences on the latest developments of the spread of covid-19 infection were discussed. Findings have shown that there were four main types of rhetoric, i.e. Statistical conclusions which include 34% of expository techniques, 30% of descriptive, 33% of persuasion and only 3% for argumentation techniques. This also implies that rhetoric language is very important in ensuring the dissemination of knowledge among the institution and people is effective and and transparent.

This study analyzed the interdisciplinary characteristics of Chinese research studies in library and information science (LIS) measured by knowledge elements extracted through the Lexicon-LSTM model.

Eight research themes were selected for experiment, with a large-scale (N = 11,625) dataset of research papers from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database constructed. And it is complemented with multiple corpora. Knowledge elements were extracted through a Lexicon-LSTM model. A subject knowledge graph is constructed to support the searching and classification of knowledge elements. An interdisciplinary-weighted average citation index space was constructed for measuring the interdisciplinary characteristics and contributions based on knowledge elements.

The empirical research shows that the Lexicon-LSTM model has superiority in the accuracy of extracting knowledge elements. In the field of LIS, the interdisciplinary diversity indicator showed an upward trend from 2011 to 2021, while the disciplinary balance and difference indicators showed a downward trend. The knowledge elements of theory and methodology could be used to detect and measure the interdisciplinary characteristics and contributions.

The extraction of knowledge elements facilitates the discovery of semantic information embedded in academic papers. The knowledge elements were proved feasible for measuring the interdisciplinary characteristics and exploring the changes in the time sequence, which helps for overview the state of the arts and future development trend of the interdisciplinary of research theme in LIS.

The purpose of this paper on the one hand is to reduce the sintering temperature, shorten the sintering time and improve the electrical properties of the sample through the two-step flash sintering method and on the other hand is to study the effect of electric field on the phase structure, microstructure and electrical properties of the flash sintering sample.

In this paper, (Mg_1/3Ta_2/3)_0.01Ti_0.99O₂ giant dielectric ceramics were prepared by conventional sintering and two-step flash sintering, respectively. Further, the effect of electric field (600–750 V/cm) on the electrical properties of (Mg_1/3Ta_2/3)_0.01Ti_0.99O₂ giant dielectric ceramics was studied.

The results show that compared with the conventional sintering, the sintering temperature of the two-step flash sintering can be reduced by 200°C and the sintering time can be shortened by 12 times. All sintered samples were single rutile TiO₂ structure. Compared with conventional sintering, two-step flash sintering samples have finer grain size. The two-step flash sintered sample has similar dielectric properties to the conventional sintered sample. The dielectric constant of flash sintered samples decreases with the increase of electric field. When the electric field is 700 V/cm, the ceramic sample has the optimal dielectric properties, where the dielectric constant is approximately 5.5 × 10³ and the dielectric loss is about 0.18 at 1 kHz. Impedance spectroscopy analysis shows that the excellent dielectric properties are attributed to the internal barrier layer capacitance model.

This paper not only provides a new method for the preparation of co-doped TiO₂ giant dielectric ceramics but also has great potential in greatly improving efficiency and saving energy.

Due to the excellent functionality of graphene, the research on fiber modification by graphene has been receiving more and more attentions recently, and many research findings have been conducted. However, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the fiber modification method and corresponding modified fiber properties, but the research on processing of the modified fiber, especially the textile process, is little. Therefore, in the paper, the properties of one kind of textile GN fiber and the spinning method of the GN fiber blend yarn and the functionalities of corresponding fabric are studied.

In the paper, the properties of nylon fiber modified by graphene (GN) were studied first. Then, according to the tested results, one new blending process of the GN fiber and cotton fiber was given, and corresponding properties of the blend yarns were tested and analyzed. Finally, the knitted fabrics were produced using the spun blend yarns, and the antibacterial property, electromagnetic shielding property, anti-ultraviolet performance, anti-static performance and conventional mechanical, and appearance thermal-wet comfort properties were tested and comparatively analyzed.

The tested results showed that the functionality of all fabrics was effective due to the addition of the graphene in the fiber, especially the antibacterial property. With the increasing of the GN fiber in the blend yarns, the functionality of all fabrics was also increased first and then achieved stability.

One new blending process of the GN fiber and cotton fiber was given. In the spinning, the combed cotton sliver was produced first, and then was torn into small parts of combed cotton sliver fiber by hand. Then, the treated GN fibers and cotton fibers were mixed for the first time, and corresponding GN/C carding sliver was produced. In this blend processing, the mixed cotton fiber was used to improve the sliver processing of the GN fiber. Then, in the drawing process, the required number of GN/C carding sliver and combed cotton sliver were fed simultaneously, and GN fibers and cotton fibers were mixed for the second time, and corresponding four kinds of GN/JC blend yarns were produced. In this blend processing, the mixed cotton fiber was used to regulate the blending ratio.

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the antioxidant properties of two phenolic-rich varieties of Nigerian local rice and their anti-cholinesterase potential after in vitro-simulated gastrointestinal digestion, with the aim of establishing their actual antioxidant and nutraceutical potential after their passage through the gastrointestinal tract upon consumption.

Two local rice varieties, commonly referred to as “Gboko” and “Ofada” rice commonly grown in Benue State, a middle belt region of Nigeria and south western regions of Nigeria, respectively, were locally processed. Each of the processed grains were divided into two portions; one portion was left uncooked, while the second portion was boiled conventionally as eaten, dried and subsequently milled into powder. The milled samples of the raw and boiled rice were treated with acidified methanol to obtain the methanol extracts; another portion of each samples was subjected to in vitro enzyme digestion using standard methods to mimic human digestion; and the third portion was treated using the same scheme of in vitro digestion without the sets of enzyme which was used to serve as a control for enzyme treatment. The quali-quantitative phenolic profiles of the two local varieties were carried out with the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) method. The antioxidant potential and anti-cholinesterase action of the methanolic extracts, the simulated in vitro digested model and the enzyme-treated controls of the rice samples were determined using standard methods and data obtained were subjected to ANOVA; the differences of means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT).

The quali-quantitative assessment of phenolic compounds in the two studied local varieties revealed the presence of some phenolic acids and flavonoids, with a decreased level of most of the identified phenolic compounds after boiling. In vitro enzyme-digested rice for both raw and boiled rice samples showed significantly higher total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS+) scavenging and NO− inhibitory activities than the aqueous-methanolic extracts and the enzyme-treated controls. The aqueous-methanolic extracts displayed a higher 1, 1 diphenyl-2-picrylhdrazyl radical scavenging activity and inhibited Fe2+-induced lipid oxidation in rat’s brain and liver homogenate than that displayed by the in vitro enzyme-digested samples. In vitro enzyme-digested and boiled “Gboko” and “Ofada” rice and raw “Ofada” rice have the potential of inhibiting acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity. While methanolic extracts of raw and boiled “Ofada” and “Gboko” rice exhibited the potential to inhibit butrylcholinesterase activity. The result of this paper indicates that the selected rice varieties possess antioxidant capacities which are better released after the simulated in vitro enzyme digestion; the result also showed the anti-cholinesterase potential of the studied rice grains and, therefore, they can be considered as nutraceutical health supplements.

The paper has demonstrated the antioxidant potentials of the phenolic-containing two Nigerian local rice varieties and established their anti-cholinesterase potential after simulated in vitro enzyme digestion.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of internal marketing and market orientation on organizational performance based on the balanced scorecard (BSC).

A cross-sectional research design, drawing upon a questionnaire survey, was used to collect data from a sample of restaurants. Structural equation modeling was performed to test the relationship among the research variables using findings from the 164 participants.

The results revealed that internal marketing positively influenced market orientation and performance. In addition, market orientation was a direct antecedent of performance.

The findings provide important academic, practical and political implications for restaurant industry.