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Article
Publication date: 10 October 2018

Maretno Agus Harjoto, Indrarini Laksmana and Ya wen Yang

This paper aims to examine the relationship between the nationality and educational background diversity of directors serving on corporate boards and the firms’ corporate social…

5386

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between the nationality and educational background diversity of directors serving on corporate boards and the firms’ corporate social performance (CSP).

Design/methodology/approach

This study measures nationality diversity by directors’ national citizenship and measures educational background diversity by countries from which they earned their undergraduate and post undergraduate degrees. It measures firms’ CSP using the MSCI ESG ratings. The study uses both univariate and multivariate analyses to empirically test the hypotheses.

Findings

Using a sample of US firms, the authors find that board nationality diversity and educational background diversity are positively associated with CSP. The findings suggest that improving director nationality diversity and educational background diversity could improve firms’ social performance.

Originality/value

This study shows that the increasing trend of foreign nationals in the US boards could shift the focus of US corporations to be more stakeholder-oriented.

Details

Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-0701

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Article
Publication date: 4 December 2018

Maretno Harjoto, Indrarini Laksmana and Ya-wen Yang

This study identifies the factors that influence companies to obtain the B corporation certification. Drawing from institutional isomorphism, gender socialization theory, the…

2580

Abstract

Purpose

This study identifies the factors that influence companies to obtain the B corporation certification. Drawing from institutional isomorphism, gender socialization theory, the ethics of care and social identity theory, the authors examine the impact of geographic locality, product market competitions and owners’ demographic characteristics on a firm’s decision to be a certified B Corporation.

Design/methodology/approach

Using two sets of data, a hand-collected sample of 743 small businesses receiving a B Corporation certification between 2007 and 2014 and a sample of 902 firms participating in a B Lab survey from 2011 to 2013, the authors examine factors that influence firms’ decision to obtain the B Corporation and their environment, social and governance (ESG) performance.

Findings

Firms in states that are democratic-leaning, have a lower hourly wage rate or have a greater religious population are more likely to be early adopters and leaders of the B Corporation movement than those in other states. On average, states with a higher unemployment rate and more democratic-leaning voters have more B Corporation certified firms in each year and over the years. Additionally, product market competition is positively associated with firms’ likelihood of obtaining B Corporation certification and their ESG scores.

Practical implications

This study brings new insights to the understanding of purpose-driven enterprises and factors that influence firms’ decision to go through the B Corporation verification and certification process.

Originality/value

This study establishes a theoretical foundation that becoming a B Corporation is a corporate social responsibility (CSR) action and shows that existing theories explaining the factors motivating companies to engage in CSR can also be applied to explain firms’ motivation to become B Corporations.

Details

Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 15 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1747-1117

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Article
Publication date: 6 February 2009

Chang‐Chun Lee, Kuo‐Chin Chang and Ya‐Wen Yang

Integration of Cu/low‐k interconnects into the next‐generation integrated circuit chips, particularly for devices below the 90 nm technology node, has proved necessary to meet the…

552

Abstract

Purpose

Integration of Cu/low‐k interconnects into the next‐generation integrated circuit chips, particularly for devices below the 90 nm technology node, has proved necessary to meet the urgent requirements of reducing RC time delay and low power consumption. Accordingly, establishment of feasible and robust packaging technology solutions in relation to the structural design, as well as material selection of the packaging components, has become increasingly important. Moreover, the nature of low‐k materials and the use of lead‐free solder greatly increases the complications in terms of ensuring enhanced packaging level reliability. The foregoing urgent issue needs to be quickly resolved while developing various advanced packages. This paper aims to focus on the issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The prediction model, especially for the fatigue life of lead‐free solder joints, combined with virtual design of experiment with factorial analysis was used to obtain the sensitivity information of selecting geometry/material parameters in the proposed low‐k flip‐chip (FC) package. Moreover, a three‐dimensional non‐linear strip finite element model associated with the two levels of specified boundary condition of global‐local technique was adopted to shorten the time of numerical calculation, as well as to give a highly accurate solution.

Findings

The results of thermal cycling in experimental testing show good agreement with the simulated analysis. In addition, the sensitivity of analysis indicates that the type of underfill material has a significant effect on the lead‐free solder joint reliability.

Originality/value

A suitable combination of concerned designed factors is suggested in this research to enhance the reliability of low‐k FC packaging with Pb‐free solder joints.

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Article
Publication date: 11 May 2015

Indrarini Laksmana and Ya-wen Yang

The study aims to examine the association between product market competition and corporate investment decisions on, particularly, risk-taking and investment efficiency. Existing…

8069

Abstract

Purpose

The study aims to examine the association between product market competition and corporate investment decisions on, particularly, risk-taking and investment efficiency. Existing theoretical studies on whether product market competition mitigates or exacerbates agency problems are inconclusive. Prior research generally finds that competition constrains management opportunism in reporting operating performance. However, the association between product market competition and managerial investment decisions has largely been unexplored.

Design/methodology/approach

The primary measure of product market competition is the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index. The authors use regression analysis to examine the association between corporate risk-taking and over-investment of free cash flow (FCF) (as dependent variables) and product market competition (as an independent variable).

Findings

Using firm-year observations from 1990 to 2010, the authors find that competition encourages managers to invest in risky investment. They also find that competition disciplines management on its use of FCFs. Overall, their results provide support for the disciplining role of product market competition in management investment decisions. The results are robust after they control for shareholder activism and executive compensations.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to the literature by providing evidence of the disciplining role of product market competition in management investment decisions. First, the results suggest that competition encourages managers to invest in risky investment. One potential explanation for the results is that competition reduces opportunities for resource diversion for management personal benefits and, in turn, decreases management risk aversion. Another explanation is that competition forces management to take more risks for the long-term survival of the company. Second, the results indicate that competition disciplines management on its use of FCFs. Although firms in highly competitive industries make investment decisions that are less conservative, they tend to avoid suboptimal investment decisions, such as over-investment of FCF, compared to their counterparts.

Details

Review of Accounting and Finance, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1475-7702

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Article
Publication date: 7 March 2016

Dongwei Li, Han Lin and Ya-wen Yang

– This study aims to examine whether the association between stakeholders and corporate social responsibility (CSR) documented in developed countries exists in China.

2645

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine whether the association between stakeholders and corporate social responsibility (CSR) documented in developed countries exists in China.

Design/methodology/approach

This study tests the hypothesis and examines the impact of the central government, political connection, shareholders, customers, suppliers, employees and foreign investors on CSR practices by estimating the ordinary least squares regressions.

Findings

Using the CSR indexes developed by the Chinese Academy of Social Science (CASS), this study finds that the central government, supplier concentration and foreign investors are positively associated with CSR, whereas shareholder concentration and customer concentration are negatively associated with CSR in China. Inconsistent with findings documented in developed countries, the result indicates that employee power is not associated with CSR.

Originality/value

This paper extends prior research by including stakeholders, such as government and foreign investors, who have a unique impact on CSR activities in emerging markets in addition to other stakeholders. The findings have implications in other countries where state ownership is also prevalent (Claessens et al., 2000; Faccio and Lang, 2002). While the issue of CSR has attracted growing research interest in recent years, most empirical results are based on the US data. This paper contributes to the empirical CSR research by examining determinants of CSR in an emerging market. Interestingly, some of the findings are contrary to those documented in developed countries. The contradiction suggests the danger in generalizing CSR–stakeholder research findings in developed countries to emerging economies.

Details

Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1747-1117

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Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 6 February 2009

Martin Goosey

310

Abstract

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Article
Publication date: 29 July 2014

Nelson Waweru

This study aims to examine the factors influencing the quality of corporate governance in South Africa (SA). Firm-level variables including performance, firm size, leverage…

1809

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the factors influencing the quality of corporate governance in South Africa (SA). Firm-level variables including performance, firm size, leverage, investment opportunities and audit quality were identified from the corporate governance literature.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used ordinary least squares regression on firm-specific and corporate governance variables obtained from panel data of 247-firm years obtained from the annual reports of the 50 largest companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Securities Exchange of SA.

Findings

This study found leverage, firm size and investment opportunities as the main factors influencing the quality of corporate governance in SA.

Research limitations/implications

The research findings should be interpreted in the light of the following limitations. First, the study sample consists of the 50 largest firms listed in the JSE of SA. Because these are large companies, the results may not be generalized to other smaller firms operating in SA. Second, this study is constrained to SA. Firms in other developing countries may differ from their SA counterparts.

Originality/value

The results of this study are important to the King Committee and other corporate governance regulators in Sub-Saharan Africa, in their effort to improve corporate governance practices and probably minimize corporate failure and protect the well-being of the minority shareholders. Furthermore, the study contributes to our understanding of the variables affecting the quality of corporate governance in developing economies of Africa.

Details

Corporate Governance, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-0701

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2020

Mohammadreza Akbari and Robert McClelland

The purpose of this research is to provide a systematic insight into corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate citizenship (CC) in supply chain development, by analyzing…

3312

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to provide a systematic insight into corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate citizenship (CC) in supply chain development, by analyzing the current literature, contemporary concepts, data and gaps for future discipline research.

Design/methodology/approach

This research identifies information from existing academic journals and investigates research designs and methods, data analysis techniques, industry involvement and geographic locations. Information regarding university affiliation, publishers, authors, year of publication is also documented. A collection of online databases from 2001 to 2018 were explored, using the keywords “corporate social responsibility”, “corporate citizenship” and “supply chain” in their title and abstract, to deliver an inclusive listing of journal articles in this discipline area. Based on this approach, a total of 164 articles were found, and information on a chain of variables was collected.

Findings

There has been visible growth in published articles over the last 18 years regarding supply chain sustainability, CSR and CC. Analysis of the data collected shows that only five literature reviews have been published in this area. Further, key findings include 41% of publications were narrowly focused on four sectors of industry, leaving gaps in the research. 85% centered on the survey and conceptual model, leaving an additional gap for future research. Finally, developing and developed nation status should be delineated, researched and analyzed based on further segmentation of the industry by region.

Research limitations/implications

This research is limited to reviewing only academic and professional articles available from Emerald, Elsevier, Wiley, Sage, Taylor and Francis, Springer, Scopus, JSTOR and EBSCO containing the words “corporate social responsibility”, “corporate citizenship” and “supply chain” in the title and abstract.

Originality/value

This assessment provides an enhanced appreciation of the current practices of current research and offers further directions within the CSR and CC in supply chain sustainable development.

Details

Benchmarking: An International Journal, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-5771

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Article
Publication date: 2 November 2018

Hung-Tai Tsou, Ja-Shen Chen and Ya-Wen (Diana) Yu

In the contemporary business environment, companies must constantly consider methods to enhance their competitive advantage and create value for their customers. The purpose of…

1651

Abstract

Purpose

In the contemporary business environment, companies must constantly consider methods to enhance their competitive advantage and create value for their customers. The purpose of this paper is to develop a research model based on a business ecosystem view. Within a business ecosystem, the authors identified the key factors of co-development and the manner in which these factors affect a company’s innovation performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The theoretical hypotheses are confirmed by partial least squares analysis of survey responses collected from information and communication technology (ICT) and hotel industries in Taiwan.

Findings

In both industries, the results suggest that a firm’s co-development within its own ecosystem has positive effects on innovation performance. For companies in the ICT industry, collaborative networks and partner selection have significant impacts on the firms’ co-development, but their information technology (IT) capability does not; in contrast, in the hotel industry, partner selection and IT capability have significant impacts on firm co-development, but their collaborative network does not.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature of business ecosystem and co-development by offering a co-development model. As both conceptual and empirical research on this topic is still underdeveloped, this study provides fresh insights into collaboration management and offers significant theoretical and managerial implications from a business ecosystem perspective.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 57 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

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Article
Publication date: 31 March 2008

Hsiao‐Chi Chen and Ya‐Wen Yu

The purpose of this paper is to focus on selection of a location which can widely influence business strategy planning and operation profit.

4357

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to focus on selection of a location which can widely influence business strategy planning and operation profit.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the relationship between location strategy and clustering is primarily shown by obtaining location decision criteria and the impact of high‐tech firms with the decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method. Then, analytic network process (ANP) method is used to explain the value and benefits from cluster location.

Findings

The authors study decision‐making for location selection of high‐tech firms in Hsinchu Science Park. The example is based on two dimensions including network effect and transaction cost. Network effect plays a more significant role than transaction cost for this example location selection of high‐tech firms in Hsinchu Science Park. The Science Park is surrounded by entrepreneurial spirit, a significant talent pool, and support infrastructure.

Originality/value

This paper explores how high‐tech managers make their decisions on location strategy in Science Park.

Research limitations/implications

The authors found that cost and benefit factors of network effect dominate the major decision‐making in selection of location and has direct impact on strategic intent. They also have shown that the DEMATEL and ANP approaches are valuable for evaluating this situation.

Details

Management Research News, vol. 31 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0140-9174

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