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The electroencephalography (EEG) source tomography in bio‐electromagnetics is to estimate current dipole sources inside the brain from the measured electric potential distribution on the scalp surface. A traditional algorithm is the low‐resolution electromagnetic tomography algorithm (LORETA). In order to obtain high‐resolution tomography, the LORETA‐contracting algorithm is proposed.

The relation between the dipolar current source J at the nodes in source region and the potential U at the observed points on the scalp surface can be expressed as a matrix equation U=KJ after discretization. K is a coefficient matrix. Usually its simultaneous equation is an under‐determined system. The LORETA approach is to find out min‖BWJ‖², under constraint U=KJ where B is the discrete Laplacian operator matrix, W is a weighting diagonal matrix. Its solution is J=(WB^TBW)⁻¹K^T{K(WB^TBW)⁻¹K^T}⁺U where {}⁺ denotes the Moore‐Penrose pseudo‐inverse matrix. The improvement on this approach is to establish an iterative program to repeat LORETA and reduce the number of unknown J quantities in the step i+1 by contracting the source region excluding some extreme little quantities of J given in the step i. The simultaneous equations will gradually turn to a properly determined system or to an over‐determined system. Finally, its solution can be obtained by using the least square method.

Repeating to make the low‐resolution tomography by contracting the source region, we can get a high‐resolution tomography easily.

The LORETA‐contracting algorithm is based on the assumption that the dipolar current sources inside the brain are sparse and concentrated based on the physiological study of the brain activity.

It is new to repeat LORETA combined with the contracting technique. This algorithm can be developed to solve EEG problems of realistic head models.

This paper aims to document the adaptation strategies developed by local farmers to adjust to climate change and related hazards in Lijiang Prefecture in Southwest China, and quantify the determinants of the adaptation measures.

The study conducted a household survey with 433 respondents in Lijiang to documents adaptation measures. The authors used a multivariate probit model to quantify five categories of adaptation measures against a set of household features, extension and information, resources, social network, financial assets and perception variables.

The most significant determinants consisted of information on early climate warnings and impending hazards, ownership to land and livestock, irrigation membership in community-based organisations, household savings, cash crop farming and perceptions of climate change and its related hazards. Adaptation strategies and policies highlighting these determinants could help to improve climate change adaptation in the region.

This study quantified the determinants of adaptive strategies and mapped important determinants for the region that will provide farmers with the appropriate resources and information to implement the best practices for adapting to climatic changes. The method and findings could be useful and easily replicable for future agriculture policies.

The purpose of this paper is to propose to simulate an arbitrary movement in electromagnetic problems by means of a 3D nonconforming finite volume method (NC-FVM). The moving part can be displaced according to the x, y and/or z direction.

The 3D nonconforming mesh technique coupled to the FVM is used to handle arbitrary displacement of moving parts. Accordingly, the whole problem domain is divided into two parts: moving part and fixed part. Both parts are meshed independently. By using a suitable connection between both fixed and moved meshes, the movement can be performed according to the three axes.

The TEAM Workshop Problem No. 23 is used to test the proposed method. The calculated values of the magnetic force applied to the permanent magnet for different positions of the magnet show the efficiency of the proposed method.

This paper introduces the NC-FVM to solve electromagnetic problems which contain moving parts. Here, the movement can be performed according to the three axes.

The purpose of this paper is to propose modelling 3D eddy current non destructive testing (EC NDT) problems by the finite volume method (FVM). Furthermore, the movement of the probe coil is taken into account.

The nonconforming mesh technique is used to handle the displacement of the probe coil. Thus, the whole problem is divided into two parts; moving part (probe coil) and fixed part (specimen with crack), and then each part meshes independently. A computer code is built under Matlab program to generate 3D nonconforming mesh, to calculate magnetic and electric potentials and to evaluate the impedance change of the coil due to the presence of the crack.

The JSAEM No. 6 problem is used to test the proposed method. The calculated values of the impedance change of the probe coil due to the presence of crack, shows the efficiency of the developed software. A small difference is obtained between calculated values and measured values.

The paper introduces the FVM in solving EC NDT problems where the probe displacement is taken into account.