Kang Wang, Xingcheng Liu and Paul Cull
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel decoding algorithm, to decrease the complexity in decoding conventional block turbo codes.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel decoding algorithm, to decrease the complexity in decoding conventional block turbo codes.
Design/methodology/approach
In this algorithm, the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) values of channels are adaptively estimated. After analyzing the relationship between the statistics of the received vectors R and the channel SNR, an adaptive method of tuning the decoding complexity is presented.
Findings
Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has greatly decreased the decoding complexity and sped up the decoding process while achieving better bit error rate performance.
Originality/value
Simulation experiments described in this paper show that the proposed algorithm can decrease the decoding complexity, shorten the decoding time and achieve good decoding performance.
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Xiaoxia Li, Xingcheng Liu and Xuemou Wu
Tables are widely used to store information. It belongs to table decision making to choose the pivotal fields or partition fields into conditions and decisions to discover their…
Abstract
Purpose
Tables are widely used to store information. It belongs to table decision making to choose the pivotal fields or partition fields into conditions and decisions to discover their causality. This paper is intended to list the basic operations to achieve the aims and to explore possible solving methods.
Design/methodology/approach
Methods, to some degree, means problem transformation. That is, a problem can be converted to another problem and then to be solved. This paper is developed to explore possible problem transformations surrounding the basic table decision operations.
Findings
The basic table decision operations can be converted to two different types of problems.
Originality/value
This paper provides formal description of the basic table decision operations and their transforming schemes so that strict mathematical proof can be used to guarantee their correctness.
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Yun Bai, Baozhuang Sun, Wenzhu Huangfu, Xianjin Sun, Zhiyong Liu, Cuiwei Du and Xiaogang Li
The purpose of this paper was to study the relationship between safe storage life and storage mode of hot-rolled sheet (Q235, X70) in humid environment, and a prediction model of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to study the relationship between safe storage life and storage mode of hot-rolled sheet (Q235, X70) in humid environment, and a prediction model of safe storage life under different storage modes was established.
Design/methodology/approach
The corrosion behavior of hot-rolled sheets under different storage conditions was studied with immersion experiment and morphology observation.
Findings
The results show that pitting occurs on the hot-rolled sheets in humid environment, and the corrosion behavior is strongly related with the storage mode. When they are stored separately, the number and depth of pits first increase and then decrease as the Cl− concentration rises, while for the stack storage, pit depth increases with increasing Cl− concentration. The safe storage time of separate storage is longer than that of stack storage. Based on this, a model of chloride ion concentration and storage life was established.
Originality/value
A storage safe life model of hot-rolled sheet in humid environment is proposed.
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Xingcheng Wang, Changjun Chen and Min Zhang
This paper aims to study the effect of laser energy on the formability, microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61D alloy to assist systematic study of laser additive…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the effect of laser energy on the formability, microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61D alloy to assist systematic study of laser additive manufacturing of magnesium alloys.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, porous magnesium alloy samples were prepared by using different laser parameters. The changes of the formability and microstructure were observed by SEM, and the mechanical properties were tested. The above results were analyzed to obtain optimized laser parameters.
Findings
When the laser power is between 85 and 95 W (pulse width 3.0 ms, frequency 40 Hz), the surface morphology of the selective laser-melted (SLMed) porous samples are smooth and even. At 80 W, SLMed porous samples have a maximum relative density of 99.2 per cent. Because of the “solute capture” effect and the evaporization of magnesium, the fraction of ß-Mg17Al12 increases from 42.1 to 52.1 per cent when power rises from 80 to 105 W. The ultimate compressive strength of SLMed porous magnesium alloys is strengthened with the increase of laser power.
Originality/value
The effect of laser parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of porous magnesium alloys prepared by SLM has not been reported.
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Tong Wen, Wen Chen, Liang Zhang and Xiaoming Liu
Under the background of rapid urbanization, all kinds of urban water problems have gradually come into being: local flooding frequently happens, water environment is deteriorated…
Abstract
Under the background of rapid urbanization, all kinds of urban water problems have gradually come into being: local flooding frequently happens, water environment is deteriorated, water-supply is in tension, etc. Meanwhile, with rapid development of higher education in China, campus area and scale are gradually expanding, but traditional campus construction has many drawbacks. In order to promote sponge campus planning and construction of universities in hilly areas and provide demonstration windows for sponge city construction, based on deficiencies of campus construction of Hunan City University in the aspect of water resource utilization, we used ArcGis spatial analysis method, simulation method and comparative analysis method on Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to establish sponge campus construction indexes, content system and optimal design strategies with objectives of campus water safety, water environment and water resource utilization. Results indicate that: difference between sponge campus planning and traditional campus planning mainly lies in rainfall management. We combed the design process of sponge campus planning in hilly areas from the perspective of rainfall management, and simulated the process of sponge facilities controlling the rainfall in the campus via computer model to verify reasonability of sponge facility planning and select the optimal planning and construction plan. This study has defined design process of sponge campus planning in hilly areas to a certain degree and provided a research basis for sponge campus planning and construction of universities, setting up a typical example and driving effects on solving urban local flooding problem and rainfall resource utilization in hilly areas.
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This paper proposes that if a political system is more like to facilitate a unified government, to establish a strong executive body and to respond to the needs of the majority…
Abstract
This paper proposes that if a political system is more like to facilitate a unified government, to establish a strong executive body and to respond to the needs of the majority, financial reforms are more likely to emerge from the policymaking process and produce positive results. On the contrary, political systems that discourage those governing features are less likely to produce reforms. This chapter compares financial reform processes in China, Taiwan and New Zealand. All of them performed low level of financial reforms in the early 1980s but resulted in different situations later. In the mid-2000s, New Zealand heralded the most efficient and stable financial system; while Taiwan lagged behind and China performed the worst. Evidence showed that China’s authoritarian system may be the most superior in forming a unified government with a strong executive, but the policy priority often responds more to the interests of a small group of power elites; therefore the result of financial reform can be limited. Taiwan’s presidential system can produce greater financial reform when the ruling party controls both executive and legislative bodies, but legislative obstructions may occur under a divided government. New Zealand's Westminster system produces the most effective and efficient financial reform due to its unified government and a strong executive branch with consistent and stable supports from the New Zealand Parliament.
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This paper assesses to what extent the workplace union power has been built under the Professional Union Leader and Organizer Program (PULOP) in China in the local community-based…
Abstract
This paper assesses to what extent the workplace union power has been built under the Professional Union Leader and Organizer Program (PULOP) in China in the local community-based private workplaces. Data obtained from in-depth interviews with union leaders, rank-and-file members, and data from documentary sources are deployed. Findings show that, for the purpose of stabilizing labor-management relations in these community-based workplaces, the PULOP attempts to reinforce implementation of existing labor law and regulations regarding wages and working conditions by organizing community-based private employers. However, without workers’ support from the bottom up, the power of the newly established workplace union associations are rather precarious. The PULOP union leaders are still distant to the organized workplaces and to the workers at these workplaces; and the organized employers are still reluctant or even hostile towards PULOP activities. The paper, therefore, concludes by drawing out the implications of the finding that, without genuine worker participation in union formation and operation processes, the administrative power held by the union bureaucracies cannot be effectively translated into workplace union power via the PULOP initiative.
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This study aims to understand the epistemic foundation of the classification applied in the first Chinese library catalogue, the Seven Epitomes (Qilue).
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to understand the epistemic foundation of the classification applied in the first Chinese library catalogue, the Seven Epitomes (Qilue).
Design/methodology/approach
Originating from a theoretical stance that situates knowledge organization in its social context, the study applies a multifaceted framework pertaining to five categories of textual data: the Seven Epitomes; biographical information about the classificationist Liu Xin; and the relevant intellectual, political, and technological history.
Findings
The study discovers seven principles contributing to the epistemic foundation of the catalogue's classification: the Han imperial library collection imposed as the literary warrant; government functions considered for structuring texts; classicist morality determining the main classificatory structure; knowledge perceived and organized as a unity; objects, rather than subjects, of concern affecting categories at the main class level; correlative thinking connecting all text categories to a supreme knowledge embodied by the Six Classics; and classicist moral values resulting in both vertical and horizontal hierarchies among categories as well as texts.
Research limitations/implications
A major limitation of the study is its focus on the main classes, with limited attention to subclasses. Future research can extend the analysis to examine subclasses of the same scheme. Findings from these studies may lead to a comparison between the epistemic approach in the target classification and the analytic one common in today's bibliographic classification.
Originality/value
The study is the first to examine in depth the epistemic foundation of traditional Chinese bibliographic classification, anchoring the classification in its appropriate social and historical context.
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The purpose of this paper is to contextually theorise the different patterns of emerging multinational companies’ (EMNCs’) learning processes for innovation and the different…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contextually theorise the different patterns of emerging multinational companies’ (EMNCs’) learning processes for innovation and the different influences of their technology-driven FDIs (TFDIs) on the processes.
Design/methodology/approach
A comparative case study method and process tracing technique are employed to investigate how and why firms’ learning processes for innovation took place, how and why the TFDIs emerged and influenced the firms’ learning processes in different ways.
Findings
The paper identifies two different patterns of learning process for innovation (Glider model vs Helicopter model) and two different roles of the case firms’ TFDIs (accelerator vs starter) in the different contexts of their learning processes. It is found that the capability building of the domestic wind energy industry has an important influence on the case of EMNCs’ learning processes and thus on the roles of their TFDIs.
Research limitations/implications
The limitation of the paper lies in its small number of cases in a specific industry of a specific country. The two contextually identified learning models and roles of TFDIs may not be applied to other industries or other countries. Future research should investigate more cases in broader sectoral and geographic scope to test the models and also to identify new models.
Practical implications
For EMNCs, who wants to use the Helicopter model to rapidly gain production and innovation capability, cross-cultural management and integration management are crucial to practitioners. For emerging countries with ambitions to explore the global knowledge and technology pool, besides of the EMNC’s capability building, the capability building in the domestic industries should not be overlooked by policy makers.
Originality/value
The paper develops a dynamic and contextual analytical framework which helps to answer the important questions about how and under what context a TFDI emerges and influences firm’s learning process for innovation. It theorises the EMNCs’ learning process and TFDIs in the context of the development of the domestic industry. It strengthens the explanatory power of the learning-based view and adds new knowledge to the current FSA/CSA discourse in the international business literature.
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Lihua Wang, Joel Nicholson and Jun Zhu
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review and critique of what we already know about pay systems in Chinese state‐owned enterprises, to identify the gaps in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review and critique of what we already know about pay systems in Chinese state‐owned enterprises, to identify the gaps in the literature and to stimulate more research in this area.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper first describes the policy issues at the macro‐level (government policies) in order to put micro‐level pay practices in a pertinent context. Then the paper provides a detailed review and critique on current empirical studies on pay practices in Chinese enterprises, their antecedents and consequences. Finally, the paper identifies potential research questions and provides some directions for future research.
Findings
The paper concludes from the extensive review of the current literature that the following research areas merit attention: Why do some firms pay their employees more than other firms? Why do we observe different types of internal pay structures among firms? What are the consequences of these different structures? Why is the link between pay and performance weak in some firms but strong in others? Under what conditions pay‐for‐performance enhances firm performance?
Originality/value
The paper is one of the most comprehensive reviews of the literature on compensation practices of Chinese companies.