Xiaohui Xiong, Jiaxu Geng, Kaiwen Wang and Xinran Wang
This paper aims to investigate the effect of different wing height layouts on the aerodynamic performance and flow structure of high-speed train, in a train-wing coupling method…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effect of different wing height layouts on the aerodynamic performance and flow structure of high-speed train, in a train-wing coupling method with multiple tandem wings installed on the train roof.
Design/methodology/approach
The improved delayed detached eddy simulation method based on shear stress transport k-
Findings
The wing height layout has a significant effect on the lift, while its influence on the drag is weak. There are three distinctive vortex structures in the flow field: wingtip vortex, train body vortex and pillar vortex, which are influenced by the variation in wing height layout. The incremental wing layout reduces the mixing and merging between vortexes in the flow field, weakening the vorticity and turbulence intensity. This enhances the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of both the train and wings, thereby increasing the overall lift. Simultaneously, it reduces the slipstream velocity at platform and trackside heights.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to understanding the aerodynamic characteristics and flow structure of a high-speed train coupled with wings. It provides a reference for the design aiming to achieve equivalent weight reduction through aerodynamic lift synergy in trains.
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The purpose of this paper is to establish the optimization model and solve the short‐term economic dispatch of cascaded hydro‐plants.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to establish the optimization model and solve the short‐term economic dispatch of cascaded hydro‐plants.
Design/methodology/approach
An improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) approach is proposed to solve the short‐term economic dispatch of cascaded hydroelectric plants. The water transport delay time between connected reservoirs is taken into account and it is easy in dealing with the difficult hydraulic and power coupling constraints using the proposed method in practical cascaded hydroelectric plants operation. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated for actual cascaded hydroelectric plant.
Findings
The simulation results show that this approach can prevent premature convergence to a high degree and keep a rapid convergence speed.
Research limitations/implications
The optimal values of parameters in the proposed method are the main limitations where the method will be applied to the economic operation of the hydro‐plant.
Practical implications
The paper presents useful advice for short‐term economic operations of the hydro‐plant. A new optimization method to solve the short‐term optimal generation scheduling is proposed. The optimal generation power and water discharge during the whole dispatching time for hydro‐plant operation can be obtained.
Originality/value
The IPSO method is realized by maintaining high diversity of the swarm during the optimization process and preventing premature convergence.
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Xiaopan Zhang, Xide Fu and Xiaohui Yuan
The purpose of this paper is to propose a rolling horizon procedure (RHP) to deal with the large‐scale and strongly NP‐hard problem on cooperative lockage‐timetables and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a rolling horizon procedure (RHP) to deal with the large‐scale and strongly NP‐hard problem on cooperative lockage‐timetables and service‐policies of the five locks in the Three Gorges Project.
Design/methodology/approach
RHP based approach is composed of a series of periodical short‐time sub‐optimizations instead of global optimization. Each of the sub‐optimizations is modeled by a mixed‐integer‐programming and solved by a branch and bound algorithm with terminal penalty.
Findings
The RHP method is found to be effective and efficient. The size of the rolling horizon is positively correlated to the total weighted area of ships.
Research limitations/implications
Precision of short‐time predictions is the main limitation.
Originality/value
This procedure promotes the navigation capacity of the Three Gorges Project and proposes a solution to the lockage‐scheduling problem of the Three Gorges Project.
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Xiaohui Wang and Edmund W.J. Lee
Drawing on the cognitive-functional model of emotions and emotional contagion, the authors aim to examine the role of negative emotions in the diffusion of cancer tweets.
Abstract
Purpose
Drawing on the cognitive-functional model of emotions and emotional contagion, the authors aim to examine the role of negative emotions in the diffusion of cancer tweets.
Design/methodology/approach
Using an integrated approach of social network and text analytics, the authors analyzed 142,883 cancer tweets from February to March 2018. The roles of negative emotions, emotional contagion, cancer themes and user influence on the diffusion of cancer tweets were examined.
Findings
Results indicated that cancer tweets expressing negativity and anger diffused more widely, while those expressing sadness or fear were less likely to diffuse. However, contrary to the authors’ expectation, cancer tweets expressing negative emotions (i.e. negativity, anger and fear) were less likely to arouse similar emotions among retweets, thus suggesting that emotions in cancer tweets were not as contagious as they seemed. Finally, user influence was the most important factor explaining the diffusion of cancer tweets, although cancer-related themes (i.e. affective, informative and social) had marginal effects on likelihood of diffusion.
Originality/value
Using a novel integrated social network–text analytics approach, the authors found that to understand cancer tweets' diffusion, it is critical to go beyond examining the content of tweets about cancer and the influence of messengers – the virality of cancer tweets is inextricable from the negative emotions.
Details
Keywords
Prospects for China in the second half of 2017.
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB221676
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Xiaohui Li, Dongfang Fan, Yi Deng, Yu Lei and Owen Omalley
This study aims to offer a comprehensive exploration of the potential and challenges associated with sensor fusion-based virtual reality (VR) applications in the context of…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to offer a comprehensive exploration of the potential and challenges associated with sensor fusion-based virtual reality (VR) applications in the context of enhanced physical training. The main objective is to identify key advancements in sensor fusion technology, evaluate its application in VR systems and understand its impact on physical training.
Design/methodology/approach
The research initiates by providing context to the physical training environment in today’s technology-driven world, followed by an in-depth overview of VR. This overview includes a concise discussion on the advancements in sensor fusion technology and its application in VR systems for physical training. A systematic review of literature then follows, examining VR’s application in various facets of physical training: from exercise, skill development and technique enhancement to injury prevention, rehabilitation and psychological preparation.
Findings
Sensor fusion-based VR presents tangible advantages in the sphere of physical training, offering immersive experiences that could redefine traditional training methodologies. While the advantages are evident in domains such as exercise optimization, skill acquisition and mental preparation, challenges persist. The current research suggests there is a need for further studies to address these limitations to fully harness VR’s potential in physical training.
Originality/value
The integration of sensor fusion technology with VR in the domain of physical training remains a rapidly evolving field. Highlighting the advancements and challenges, this review makes a significant contribution by addressing gaps in knowledge and offering directions for future research.
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Dalei Zhang, Xinwei Zhang, Enze Wei, Xiaohui Dou and Zonghao He
This study aims to improve the corrosion resistance of TA2-welded joints by superhydrophobic surface modification using micro-arc oxidation technology and low surface energy…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to improve the corrosion resistance of TA2-welded joints by superhydrophobic surface modification using micro-arc oxidation technology and low surface energy substance modification.
Design/methodology/approach
The microstructure and chemical state of the superhydrophobic film layer were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, three-dimensional morphology, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy. The influence of the superhydrophobic film layer on the corrosion resistance of TA2-welded joints was investigated using classical electrochemical testing methods.
Findings
The characterization results showed that the super hydrophobic TiO2 ceramic membrane was successfully constructed on the surface of the TA2-welded joint, and the construction of the super hydrophobic film greatly improved the corrosion resistance of the TA2-welded joint.
Originality/value
The superhydrophobic TiO2 ceramic membrane has excellent corrosion resistance. The micro nanostructure in the superhydrophobic film can intercept air to form an air layer to prevent the corrosion medium from contacting the surface, thus, improving the corrosion resistance of the sample.
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Gang Wang, Xiaohui Liu, Changhong Mi, Huijuan Fan, Bo Xu and Xuefeng Bai
The purpose of this study was to investigate the microstructural evolution and hydrolytic stability of poly(phenylborosiloxane) (PPhBS) to further use and develop the oligomers as…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the microstructural evolution and hydrolytic stability of poly(phenylborosiloxane) (PPhBS) to further use and develop the oligomers as heat-resistant modifiers.
Design/methodology/approach
PPhBS was synthesized by direct co-condensation of boric acid (BA) and phenyltriethoxysilane (PTEOS). The structural evolution of PPhBS at high temperature was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In addition, the change in the morphology of the PPhBS powder was examined to demonstrate the evolution of the chemical bonds, and the hydrolytic stability of PPhBS was investigated by a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, measurement of the mass loss in water and FTIR spectroscopy.
Findings
The results revealed that a cross-linking network was gradually formed with increasing temperature through the condensation of the residual hydroxyl groups in PPhBS, and the Si-OH and B-OH bonds remained even at a high temperature of 450°C. Furthermore, heat treatment improved the hydrolytic stability of the oligomer. The hydrolysis of the B-O-B bonds in PPhBS was reversible, whereas the Si-O-Si and Si-O-B bonds were highly resistant to hydrolysis.
Practical implications
The prepared PPhBS can be used as a heat-resistant modifier in adhesives, sealants, coatings and composite matrices.
Originality/value
Investigation of the structural evolution of a polyborosiloxane at high temperature by DRIFTS is a novel approach that avoided interference from moisture in the air. The insoluble mass fraction and the FTIR spectrum of PPhBS washed with water were used to investigate the hydrolytic stability of PPhBS.
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Sang Xiong, Hao Wu and Zhiyuan Liu
N-containing heterocyclic benzotriazole derivatives as new corrosion inhibitor for mild steel contained in emulsion were synthesized, and their inhibition behaviors for mild steel…
Abstract
Purpose
N-containing heterocyclic benzotriazole derivatives as new corrosion inhibitor for mild steel contained in emulsion were synthesized, and their inhibition behaviors for mild steel (MS) contained in emulsion were investigated by experiments and theoretical calculations, and this study aims to prove that two new inhibitors have excellent inhibition efficiency for steel corrosion.
Design/methodology/approach
2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-N,N-dioctylacetamide (BTN) and O-(3-(1H-benzo[d] [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)propyl) S-(2-(dioctylamino)-2-oxoethyl) carbonodithioate (BTSC) as a new corrosion inhibitor were synthesized, and their inhibition behaviors for MS contained in emulsion were investigated by gravimetric experiment, electrochemical tests and theoretical calculations.
Findings
Results of gravimetric experiment, electrochemical tests show that BTSC exhibit excellent inhibition performance, and it has a higher inhibition efficiency of 96.6% than that BTN. The resultant adsorption films from BTN/BTSC adsorbed on MS, effectively inhibiting the corrosion of MS is mainly through chemisorption and follow to Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm.
Originality/value
Experimental and theoretical calculations display that two new synthesized inhibitors are excellent corrosion inhibitor for MS contained in emulsion. Electrons of inhibitors mainly focus on the C, N, S and O atoms, which demonstrate these atoms are the centers of negative charge, and they supply electrons to Fe atoms through coordination bonds.
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Aarthy Prabakaran and Elizabeth Rufus
Wearables are gaining prominence in the health-care industry and their use is growing. The elderly and other patients can use these wearables to monitor their vitals at home and…
Abstract
Purpose
Wearables are gaining prominence in the health-care industry and their use is growing. The elderly and other patients can use these wearables to monitor their vitals at home and have them sent to their doctors for feedback. Many studies are being conducted to improve wearable health-care monitoring systems to obtain clinically relevant diagnoses. The accuracy of this system is limited by several challenges, such as motion artifacts (MA), power line interference, false detection and acquiring vitals using dry electrodes. This paper aims to focus on wearable health-care monitoring systems in the literature and provides the effect of MA on the wearable system. Also presents the problems faced while tracking the vitals of users.
Design/methodology/approach
MA is a major concern and certainly needs to be suppressed. An analysis of the causes and effects of MA on wearable monitoring systems is conducted. Also, a study from the literature on motion artifact detection and reduction is carried out and presented here. The benefits of a machine learning algorithm in a wearable monitoring system are also presented. Finally, distinct applications of the wearable monitoring system have been explored.
Findings
According to the study reduction of MA and multiple sensor data fusion increases the accuracy of wearable monitoring systems.
Originality/value
This study also presents the outlines of design modification of dry/non-contact electrodes to minimize the MA. Also, discussed few approaches to design an efficient wearable health-care monitoring system.