Xianglan Chen, Yayun Yang, Anil Bilgihan and Weiqian Liu
The purpose of this study is to use a multi-methodological approach to investigate how puns in texts and pictorial elements comprising human figures influence viewer engagement…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to use a multi-methodological approach to investigate how puns in texts and pictorial elements comprising human figures influence viewer engagement and potential consumer conversion in tourism advertising.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used an experiment with the EyeLink 1000 Plus. The research team curated 24 advertisements with homonymic puns from online travel agencies and Chinese tourism websites.
Findings
The findings of this study reveal several insights: Eye saccade trajectories among participants were generally consistent with the image-text-image pattern when exposed to advertisements incorporating textual puns and human figures. Pictorial representations featuring human figures independently garnered heightened viewer attention. Textual elements presenting pun expressions also induced greater visual attention from participants. The combination of textual puns and pictorial human figures in advertisements, although not attracting the most visual attention from participants, successfully enhanced their memory of the advertisements and fostered positive attitudes toward them.
Practical implications
Using human figures in advertisements is likely to improve viewer engagement and attitude toward the brand, which could be strategically used to enhance campaign effectiveness. Furthermore, the use of puns should be considered carefully, as they can increase attention and retention when used effectively, suggesting a tactical deployment in advertising content to maximize impact.
Originality/value
These results contribute to the existing literature by offering empirical evidence on the effectiveness of textual puns and pictorial human figures in advertising. Additionally, this study provides actionable insights for tourism marketing practitioners seeking to optimize advertisement design.
研究目的
本研究采用多元方法, 探讨文本中的双关语与包含人物形象的图片元素如何影响观众的参与度及潜在消费者的转化率。
研究方法
本研究通过EyeLink 1000 Plus进行实验。研究团队从在线旅行社和中国旅游网站精选了24个包含谐音双关语的广告。
研究发现
研究结果揭示了以下几点:(1) 当参与者观看包含文本双关语和人物形象的广告时, 其眼球运动轨迹普遍呈现“图像-文本-图像”模式; (2) 独立展示人物形象的图片能够显著吸引观众注意力; (3) 表现双关语的文本元素同样能够引发更高的视觉关注度; (4) 尽管包含文本双关语和人物形象的广告未能吸引最多的视觉注意力, 但其显著增强了观众对广告的记忆, 并促进了对广告的积极态度。
研究创新
本研究通过实证数据, 为文本双关语和图片人物形象在广告中的有效性提供了新的见解。同时, 为寻求优化广告设计的旅游营销从业者提供了可操作的建议。
研究意义
在广告中使用人物形象有助于提升观众参与度和对品牌的态度, 可作为增强广告活动效果的战略手段。此外, 双关语的使用应当谨慎设计。有效使用双关语可提高观众的注意力与记忆力, 表明在广告内容中策略性地应用双关语可最大化影响力。
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Xianglan Chen, Bingqing Xiang and Anil Bilgihan
This study aims to explore the attraction, influence and persuasive effect of advertising (with or without metaphor) across different types of hotels (luxury vs. budget hotels).
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the attraction, influence and persuasive effect of advertising (with or without metaphor) across different types of hotels (luxury vs. budget hotels).
Design/methodology/approach
Two independent variables – namely, the hotel category (luxury versus budget) and the use of rhetorical figures (text with metaphors versus text without metaphors) – serve as the basis for the investigation. The research design is a 2 × 2 within-subjects construct based on eye-tracking methodology complemented by questionnaire-based data collection. Participants were engaged with hotel advertisements under four specific conditions, each reflecting a distinct combination of the two independent variables.
Findings
The findings reveal the augmented attention-grabbing prowess of advertisements that use metaphors compared to those that do not. Furthermore, the study findings reveal that the hotel category significantly influences the efficacy of advertising; advertisements promoting luxury hotels were found to stimulate superior impression recall, garner higher customer affinity and prompt a more potent intention to patronize the hotel. Finally, the study shows that neither congruent nor incongruent pairings of visual (budget or luxury hotel) and verbal elements (with or without metaphor) yield additional advertising benefits.
Practical implications
This research addresses the limited empirical guidance available for hotel operators at various levels regarding the design of advertisements incorporating rhetorical devices. It highlights the potential benefits of using figurative rhetoric, especially metaphors, in advertising for both budget and luxury hotels. The study reveals a notable correlation between hotel category, particularly luxury offerings, and customer attention, retention, preference and intention to visit. Furthermore, it encourages hotel operators, regardless of their hotel’s ranking, to incorporate metaphorical language into their advertising designs, underscoring the need for strategic integration in overall advertisement planning.
Originality/value
Using high-resolution online eye-tracking technology, this study innovatively examines the influence of hotel category and rhetorical devices on the effectiveness and attention-grabbing potential of advertisements. Through this approach, the study seeks to offer valuable managerial and advertising insights for those involved in hotel marketing.
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Naeem Akhtar, Umar Iqbal Siddiqi, Wasim Ahmad, Muhammad Usman, Xianglan Chen and Tahir Islam
The present study unveils the service encounter barriers – interactional and instructional – faced by foreign consumers at food and beverage restaurants in China. It builds a…
Abstract
Purpose
The present study unveils the service encounter barriers – interactional and instructional – faced by foreign consumers at food and beverage restaurants in China. It builds a conceptual framework and examines (1) how service encounter barriers create situational abnormality, (2) how situational abnormality engenders foreign consumers' felt discomfort that influences their revisit intentions and (3) how expectations disconfirmation moderates situational abnormality.
Design/methodology/approach
Convenience sampling using the survey method was employed to collect data from 517 foreign consumers – who stay in Beijing (China) – at food and beverage restaurants. The study used IBM SPSS 25.0 and Amos Graphics 24.0 to analyze the data and interpret results.
Findings
Findings reveal that interactional and instructional barriers positively create situational abnormality, which ultimately leads to foreign consumers' felt discomfort and their negative revisit intentions. Expectations disconfirmation significantly aggravates situational abnormality as a moderator.
Research limitations/implications
This study investigates foreign consumers' behavior at food and beverage restaurants in China and cautions its generalizability. It suggests corroborating the foreign consumers' behavioral intentions in the context of other countries to generalize the findings and unleash other factors additive to comprehend their behavior in the wake of restaurant industry.
Originality/value
The extant literature has not examined the service encounter barriers faced by foreign consumers at food and beverage restaurants in China. The present study, responding to the previous calls, incorporated the service encounter barriers and their downstream effects on foreign consumers' behavioral responses. By doing so, it adds value to the domestic food and beverage restaurants and service firms in China, in particular, and paves the way to understand the interactional and instructional barriers in the global context, in general, by engaging the foreign consumers.
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Naeem Akhtar, Xianglan Chen, Umar Iqbal Siddiqi, Guojun Zeng and Tahir Islam
To address critical research gaps in the extant literature, the present study develops a model that links language constraints in hotel attributes—core and facilitating––with…
Abstract
Purpose
To address critical research gaps in the extant literature, the present study develops a model that links language constraints in hotel attributes—core and facilitating––with consumers' offendedness (CO) and examines the consequent behavioral intentions of an offended consumer. For this purpose, it investigates (1) the role of language constraints in core and facilitating attributes in shaping CO, (2) how CO relates to adverse behavioral outcomes and (3) the moderating role of attribution of service failure (ASF) between language constraints and CO.
Design/methodology/approach
The present research used convenience sampling and collected data from 398 inbound tourists in Beijing through a survey questionnaire. The study performs measurement and structural evaluation by employing Amos Graphics 24.0 and moderation analysis through IBM SPSS 25.0.
Findings
The study examines language constraints in China's hospitality context, which restricts its generalizability. However, it serves as a better approach to examine the tourists who visit other Western hotels in China and unveils the factors contributing to CO.
Research limitations/implications
The study examines language constraints in Chinese hotels, which restrict its generalizability. It serves as a better approach to examine the tourists who visit other Western hotels in China and unveils the factors contributing to CO.
Originality/value
Few studies validate communication barriers in service encounters in hotel services and apprehend related outcomes. The present study takes a unique initiative in the context of China and examines the role of language constraints in core and facilitating hotel attributes in service encounters at Chinese hotels. This study informs the Chinese hotel industry and international destination firms to understand the language constraints in service encounters to further their strategies to overcome threats and tap potential opportunities.
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Jinmeng Yu, Jinlan Liu, Sheng Lin and Xianglan Chi
This study aims to explore the boundary conditions of the relationship between challenge-hindrance stressors and innovative work behavior via task crafting and psychological…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the boundary conditions of the relationship between challenge-hindrance stressors and innovative work behavior via task crafting and psychological detachment.
Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from 238 questionnaires in five technology R&D enterprises in Tianjin, China. The paper utilized structural equation modeling and cross-sectional design to test hypotheses by AMOS and examined the mediating and moderating effects using the bootstrapping method by SPSS.
Findings
Challenge stressors indirectly improved innovative work behavior via task crafting, while hindrance stressors did not affect task crafting or innovative work behavior. Psychological detachment moderated the relationship between challenge stressors and innovative work behavior. When psychological detachment was high, innovative work behavior did not change regardless of challenge stressors. When psychological detachment was low, innovative work behavior increased with the increase of challenge stressors.
Originality/value
The study explains the link mechanism between stressors and innovative work behavior. It enriches the research on psychological detachment as a moderator and provides a new frame for enterprises to develop employees' innovation.
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Liu Tibin, Lu Yingjin, Zhang Yong and Jiang Xianglan
The purpose of this paper is to study information which plays a role in creating supply chain enterprise value, and establishes a model of supply chain information in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study information which plays a role in creating supply chain enterprise value, and establishes a model of supply chain information in value‐increment.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper regards the supply chain as a process of input and output. Based on the production function of Cobb‐Douglas, it researches deeply on the value‐increment mechanism of supply chain information transmission and interaction.
Findings
The final output of supply chains decides on the input of node enterprises value action.
Research limitations/implications
There is no availability of data to prove the application of the model.
Practical implications
Information is an important means of value by node enterprises of supply chains, and is also a key to improving the core competitive ability of enterprises in the supply chain.
Originality/value
The paper provides quantitative models and methods for dynamic impact analysis of supply chain information flow. The paper clarifies the mechanism of achieving the overall objective of supply chains and suggests that supply chain managers should emphasize and use information sharing and supply coordination mechanisms to improve supply chain performance.
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Zhang Yong, Lu Yingjin and Jiang Xianglan
The purpose of this paper is to study the pricing problem of product transfer price under the channel advantages; determine the structure models of optimal transfer price…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the pricing problem of product transfer price under the channel advantages; determine the structure models of optimal transfer price expectation; and compare the differences in pricing of different pricing dominant parties.
Design/methodology/approach
Uncertain factors are introduced into dynamic pricing mathematics models; production and storage models are combined; the method of functional analysis is used to solve transfer pricing question under different advantage conditions; and price matching models in supply chain integration are put forth.
Findings
There is a proportional relationship between the optimal transfer price expectation and price fluctuation. The party which has channel advantages will gain relatively more profit, but the maximum revenue can be obtained only in the supply chain integration.
Research limitations/implications
There is no appropriate empirical data to verify the models.
Practical implications
The paper provides pricing reference method to monopoly competitive enterprises on different stages. The matching pricing models based on E‐commerce can deal with the price deviation caused by goal difference and random factors automatically.
Originality/value
The paper considers production and inventory pricing, reflects the influence of the whole pricing factors under different channel advantages, and puts forth dynamic matching pricing models and algorithm under the E‐commerce circumstances.
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Ming Qiu, Rui Zhang, Yingchun Li, Hui Du and Xiao Xu Pang
The MoS2/graphite composite coatings modified by La2O3 through spraying technique were successfully prepared on the inner rings of spherical plain bearings. As a comparison…
Abstract
Purpose
The MoS2/graphite composite coatings modified by La2O3 through spraying technique were successfully prepared on the inner rings of spherical plain bearings. As a comparison, unmodified coatings were also prepared. This paper aims to study the La-modified MoS2/graphite composite coating experimentally and improve the tribological performance of self-lubricating spherical plain bearings.
Design/methodology/approach
The performance of La2O3 toward the friction coefficient, temperature rise and wear rate of the coatings was studied by a self-made tribo-tester under different swing cycles. And the texture, surface morphology and element composition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry.
Findings
The additives La2O3 refined the coatings’ microstructure and improved the tribological properties of the coatings. The oxidation of Mo + 4 to Mo + 6 was effectively inhibited. And the amount of abrasive grains, peeling pits and local cracks on the coatings surface decreased and homogeneous lubricating films formed, which were attributed to the existence of La2O3. The wear mechanisms of unmodified coatings were severe abrasive wear, adhesive wear and delamination wear. However, it exhibited superior wear resistance of the La-modified coatings to unmodified coatings, presenting slight abrasive wear and adhesive wear. The service life of bearings was prolonged under the protection of the modified coatings.
Originality/value
The paper proposed a new modified MoS2/Graphite composite coating for the self-lubricating spherical plain bearings. The investigation on the friction, wear and temperature increase behaviors and the wear mechanisms of the coatings are beneficial to prolonging the service life of the self-lubricating spherical plain bearings.