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Article
Publication date: 22 February 2022

Jing Yang, Lushen Shao, Xiang Jin and Lijun Zhou

Using the industrial data between 2000 and 2016, this study analysed the process of coupling and coordinated development of technological innovation and standardisation…

425

Abstract

Purpose

Using the industrial data between 2000 and 2016, this study analysed the process of coupling and coordinated development of technological innovation and standardisation. Accordingly, the study considered the high-tech industry (five sub-sectors) in China as the research object.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the summary of innovation and standardisation literature review, this study constructed a theoretical model of the influence of technological innovation and standardisation on industrial development from the perspective of the coupling system. Furthermore, the study employed multivariate linear regression analysis to explore coupling coordination relationships.

Findings

The study results revealed that high coupling coordination between technological innovation and standardisation is highly conducive to industrial development. Moreover, requirements for standardisation levels differ owing to different stages and characteristics in each segmented industry.

Originality/value

This study primarily contributes to the literature by using a bibliometrics tool to summarise related literature on innovation and standardisation and provides a new perspective of reviewing, and it also offers new evidence on the coupling coordination relationship between innovation and standardisation in the high-tech industry.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 18 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2006

Mengzhong Zhang

To boost the fiscal revenue, i.e., government revenue over GDP and central government revenue over government total revenue, China conducted the 1994 fiscal reforms. According to…

57

Abstract

To boost the fiscal revenue, i.e., government revenue over GDP and central government revenue over government total revenue, China conducted the 1994 fiscal reforms. According to some observers, the results of the initial reforms were mixed. This study reveals, contrary to most examinations of previous studies, the 1994 fiscal reforms have been an enormous success in achieving the original policy purposes, although remaining problems still present a daunting task for the Chinese government. This paper examines the factors triggering the 1994 fiscal reforms, reveals the contents and accomplishments of the reforms, explores unfinished tasks and ultimately proposes some policy implications.

Details

Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, vol. 18 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1096-3367

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Article
Publication date: 7 June 2023

Junchao Kong

Powder lubrication is widely used in industrial production, but most of the research that analyze the wear process and speculate on the wear mechanism of the tested specimens…

39

Abstract

Purpose

Powder lubrication is widely used in industrial production, but most of the research that analyze the wear process and speculate on the wear mechanism of the tested specimens lacks reliability, and it is difficult to reveal the essence of the friction and wear process. The purpose of this paper is using the optical in situ observation method to observe the condition of the powder lubrication layer in real time and dynamically, and directly obtain the morphology change of the specimen during the whole wear process, which is helpful to the establishment of new tribological basic theories such as friction and wear mechanism and lubrication theory.

Design/methodology/approach

Mechanical model of powder lubrication is established considering asperity and powder layer, and the influence of adhesion effect on load and friction force is analyzed. The finite difference method is used to solve the above physical model, and the influence of the adhesion effect on load and friction force is analyzed. The total load and friction of the friction pair are composed of two parts: fluid and asperity. Based on the optical in situ observation method to build a test platform. The interface of the adhesion stage was observed by SEM.

Findings

When the film thickness ratio is less than 1, the local damage and diffusion of the powder layer are basically completed and the adhesion stage is entered. At this time, the asperity is not fully loaded, the powder layer is loaded by 50%, the asperity is less loaded, the deformation is small and the possibility of plastic flow is reduced. However, in the adhesion stage, the friction force is basically generated between asperity, and the friction force ratio of the asperity is 80%. Heavy load and surface roughness of the specimen are the necessary conditions for the powder adhesion period.

Practical implications

In this paper, the failure process of the powder layer at the friction interface with different roughness and load is studied based on the optical in situ observation method. Second, the contact surface with the micro-convex body and powder layer is simulated, and the influence of adhesion effect on the mechanical properties of the real contact surface in the process of powder lubrication is analyzed, thus providing theoretical guidance for mechanical processing, workpiece operation and lubrication design.

Originality/value

Mechanical model considering asperities and powder layer powder lubrication was established to analyze the influence of the adhesion effect on load and friction. Based on the optical in situ observation method to build a test platform. The tests found that the failure process of the powder lubricating layer includes five stages: powder complete stage, local failure stage, local failure diffusion stage, powder adhesion stage and complete failure stage.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-11-2022-0322/

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 75 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 20 October 2011

Huayou Chen, Lei Jin, Xiang Li and Mengjie Yao

The purpose of this paper is to propose the optimal combination forecasting model based on closeness degree and induced ordered weighted harmonic averaging (IOWHA) operator under…

282

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose the optimal combination forecasting model based on closeness degree and induced ordered weighted harmonic averaging (IOWHA) operator under the uncertain environment in which the raw data are provided by interval numbers.

Design/methodology/approach

Starting from maximizing the closeness degree of combination forecasting, which is different from minimizing absolute errors, weighted coefficient vectors of combination forecasting methods are obtained. The new concepts of closeness degree for the center and radius of interval numbers sequences are put forward and the optimal interval combination forecasting model is constructed by maximizing the sum of convex combination with closeness degree of interval center and closeness degree of interval radius. The solution to the model is discussed.

Findings

The results show that this model can improve the combination forecasting accuracy efficiently compared with that of each single forecasting method.

Practical implications

The method proposed in the paper can be used to forecast future tendency in a wide ranges of fields, such as engineering, economics and management. In particular, the raw data are provided in the form of interval numbers under the uncertain environment.

Originality/value

The combination forecasting model proposed in this paper is based on closeness degree and IOWHA operator, which is a new kind of combination forecasting model with variant weights.

Details

Grey Systems: Theory and Application, vol. 1 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2043-9377

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Book part
Publication date: 17 July 2024

Christopher Bezzina

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on higher education institutions globally, together with the wellbeing, social life, and study experiences of students…

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on higher education institutions globally, together with the wellbeing, social life, and study experiences of students (Goldstone & Zhang, 2022; Hordosy & McLean, 2022; Maslimova et al., 2022), and academic staff (Gilbertson, 2020; LUSA, 2020). This chapter describes a review of the Masters program in Educational Leadership and Management at the Faculty of Education, University of Malta. While acknowledging the need to better understand the impact of the pandemic – personally and professionally – the focus was to develop a program that helped staff and mature students develop, through a different learning and lived experience, by cultivating the values that are central to the program, namely community, agency, sharing, collaboration, collegiality, voice, reflection, and inquiry. Ultimately, the scope of this chapter is to highlight how the pandemic has helped to renew the graduate program in a way that forged the wellbeing of the academic staff, the leaders of the various educational institutions, and students.

Details

The Emerald Handbook of Wellbeing in Higher Education: Global Perspectives on Students, Faculty, Leaders, and Institutions
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-505-1

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Book part
Publication date: 7 December 2021

Enakshi Sengupta and Patrick Blessinger

The world has seen a lot of disasters which have affected some part of the globe and healed in due course but rarely has any health disaster affected the entire world like…

Abstract

The world has seen a lot of disasters which have affected some part of the globe and healed in due course but rarely has any health disaster affected the entire world like COVID-19. It not only affected the health sector but caused a downward spiral of the world economy. The world was not prepared to face such a magnitude of the disaster. Overnight, schools and universities declared a lockdown affecting 1.57 billion students in 191 countries (UN, 2020). The sudden closure of educational institutions negatively impacted education around the world and much of the education sector shifted to remote learning. This exacerbated the shortcomings of those institutions who were unprepared for the sudden shift to remote learning. The global pandemic triggered the need to reconceptualize how educational institutions provision teaching and learning. Universities resorted to intensive use of different technology platforms and resources to achieve their learning outcomes. This volume explores how educational institutions needed to rethink teaching, learning, research and innovation, and implement innovative approaches to address such complexities. International case studies have been compiled that highlight the issues related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on higher education and how different countries tried to cope with the sudden shift of remote learning and tried to resolve challenges around the issues of digital pedagogy.

Details

New Student Literacies amid COVID-19: International Case Studies
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-466-3

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Article
Publication date: 3 July 2017

Qingshan Wang, Dongyan Shi, Qian Liang and Fuzhen Pang

The purpose of this work is to apply the Fourier–Ritz method to study the vibration behavior of the moderately thick functionally graded (FG) parabolic and circular panels and…

207

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this work is to apply the Fourier–Ritz method to study the vibration behavior of the moderately thick functionally graded (FG) parabolic and circular panels and shells of revolution with general boundary conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

The modified Fourier series is chosen as the basis function of the admissible functions of the structure to eliminate all the relevant discontinuities of the displacements and their derivatives at the edges, and the vibration behavior is solved by means of the Ritz method. The complete shells of revolution can be achieved by using the coupling spring technique to imitate the kinematic compatibility and physical compatibility conditions of FG parabolic and circular panels at the common meridian of θ = 0 and 2π. The convergence and accuracy of the present method are verified by other contributors.

Findings

Some new results of FG panels and shells with elastic restraints, as well as different geometric and material parameters, are presented and the effects of the elastic restraint parameters, power-law exponent, circumference angle and power-law distributions on the free vibration characteristic of the panels are also presented, which can be served as benchmark data for the designers and engineers to avoid the unpleasant, inefficient and structurally damaging resonant.

Originality/value

The paper could provide the reference for the research about the moderately thick FG parabolic and circular panels and shells of revolution with general boundary conditions. In addition, the change of the boundary conditions can be easily achieved by just varying the stiffness of the boundary restraining springs along all the edges of panels without making any changes in the solution procedure.

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Article
Publication date: 9 March 2021

Yufu Chen, Yue Han and Liankai Guo

Rapid development of China's rural industry since 1980s has a massive ripple effect on rural China. However, recent rural industrial development in China has received little…

285

Abstract

Purpose

Rapid development of China's rural industry since 1980s has a massive ripple effect on rural China. However, recent rural industrial development in China has received little scholarly attention. The study aims to investigate the development process and spatial differences of China's rural industry as well as its driving forces.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on the panel data constituting 30 provinces of China during 1984–2011. The factor analysis is used to identify the most significant factors affecting the growth of China's rural industry. The multiple regression analysis is applied to distinguish the driving forces affecting spatiotemporal variations in China's rural industry.

Findings

China's rural industry developed rapidly at an average rate of 26% per year during the period 1984–2011. The period 1990–2011 was characterized by remarkable increased spatial disparities in China's rural industrial development. Specifically, such development was markedly better in the east coast areas than in the inland areas in the west. Five driving forces of rural industrial development were recognized representing regional economic fundamentals of market, industry foundation, transportation, communication and degree of opening-up.

Originality/value

This paper explores the trajectory of the development of China's rural industry and the related regional economic factors. It suggests that the development of rural enterprises across the regions should be valued by Chinese government as a driving force for reducing regional disparities and future rural revitalization.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 48 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Book part
Publication date: 30 May 2022

Sam Yuqing Li and Qingwen Xu

Building social capital between groups of people and developing social enterprises that integrate social goals into commercial business models are rapidly adopted as innovative…

Abstract

Building social capital between groups of people and developing social enterprises that integrate social goals into commercial business models are rapidly adopted as innovative poverty relief mechanisms across countries. Together, the translation of social relationships into increased accessibility to resources, and the entrepreneurial dynamics resulting in additional services and goods, are thought to meet the survival and developmental needs of poor families and communities. However, the socio-economic contexts, in which new public policies and initiatives have been taken, vary from country to country. In China, its strong Confucian culture, state-led development strategy, weak civil society, and hierarchical social relationships have contributed to a value structure of social capital, but decreased the efficiency of business practice in social enterprise. This chapter presents a case study of Rural Cooperative Program, a poverty relief initiative in China’s southwest Guizhou Province. With the introduction of China’s new policies in welfare and rural development, this chapter presents evaluation results of whether social enterprises and entrepreneurship can improve poor villagers’ socio-economic wellbeing and promote sustainable development of poor rural villages in China, and to what extent social capital has been mobilized to facilitate the Rural Cooperative Program.

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Article
Publication date: 2 January 2018

Hidenobu Matsuki, Taishi Nishiyama, Yuya Omori, Shinji Suzuki, Kazuya Masui and Masayuki Sato

This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of a fault-tolerant flight control method by using simple adaptive control (SAC) with PID controller.

364

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of a fault-tolerant flight control method by using simple adaptive control (SAC) with PID controller.

Design/methodology/approach

Numerical simulations and flight tests are executed for pitch angle and roll angle control of research aircraft MuPAL-α under the following fault cases: sudden reduction in aileron effectiveness, sudden reduction in elevator effectiveness and loss of longitudinal static stability.

Findings

The simulations and flight tests reveal the effectiveness of the proposed SAC with PID controller as a fault-tolerant flight controller.

Practical implications

This research includes implications for the development of vehicles’ robustness.

Originality/value

This study proposes novel SAC-based flight controller and actually demonstrates the effectiveness by flight test.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 90 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

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