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This study aims to identify the relationships among self-efficacy, health literacy, self-care and glycemic control in older people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM).

This study was a descriptive analytics correlational study with a cross-sectional design. The sampling method was purposive sampling involving 68 older people with type 2 DM.

The results showed that self-efficacy, health literacy and self-care correlated with glycemic control at significant levels of p = 0.020, p = 0.002 and p = 0.022, respectively.

Nurses should help older people with type 2 DM in maintaining their self-efficacy and self-care and increasing their health literacy to ensure their glycemic control is in normal state.

This study showed that self-care, self-efficacy and health literacy had a significant correlation with glycemic control in older people with type 2 DM. It indicates that the better self-care, self-efficacy and health literacy of patients, the more likely the patients’ blood HbA1C level to be in the normal range.

The surface finish is an essential step in printed circuit boards design because it provides a solderable surface for electronic components. The purpose of this study to investigate the effects of different surface finishes during the soldering and ageing process.

The solder joints of Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu/Cu and Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu/electroless nickel/immersion silver (ENImAg) were investigated in terms of intermetallic (IMC) thickness, morphology and shear strength. The microstructure and compositions of solder joints are observed, and analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and optical microscope (OM).

Compounds of Cu₆Sn₅ and (Cu, Ni)₆Sn₅ IMC were formed in SAC405/Cu and SAC405/ENImAg, respectively, as-reflowed. When the sample was exposed to ageing, new layers of Cu₃Sn and (Ni, Cu)₃Sn₅ were observed at the interface. Analogous growth in the thickness of the IMC layer and increased grains size commensurate with ageing time. The results equally revealed an increase in shear strength of SAC405/ENImAg because of the thin layer of IMC and surface finish used compared to SAC405/Cu. Hence, a ductile fracture was observed at the bulk solder. Overall, the ENImAg surface finish showed excellent performance of solder joints than that of bare Cu.

The novel surface finish (ENImAg) has been developed and optimized. This alternative lead-free surface finish solved the challenges in electroless nickel/immersion gold and reduced cost without affecting the performance.

This study aims to identify the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and organizational culture on organizational innovation and organizational performance among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on the creative industry which is supporting tourism in Indonesia.

A quantitative approach was used to distribute questionnaires using a purposive sampling technique to 183 SME’s owners of the creative industry that produce and trade the products directly to the customers. A partial least square (PLS) was conducted to analyze the data.

Entrepreneurial orientation and organizational culture have a significant effect on innovation, which in turn, influences the performance. Interestingly, innovation does not have a significant influence on performance as well as does not mediate the influence between entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance.

The issue of innovation in this study was measured by many indicators that reflected the organizational innovation. Further studies may investigate other specific types of innovation.

Both entrepreneurs and government should establish more technological support, business incubation centers and counseling organizations to encourage performance in the future.

Socio-cultural diversity such as entrepreneurial orientation and natural resources especially the culture of Indonesia can inspire creative industries to continue to innovate and after that can lead them to improve their performance, especially in the tourism area.

本论文旨在探究SMEs创业导向和组织文化对组织创新和组织绩效的作用, 这些SMEs从事创新产业以支持印度尼西亚的旅游业。

本论文采用定量手段, 对183位直接生产和投放创业产业给顾客的SMEs业主分发问卷。采用方式为目的性采样法。问卷数据分析方式为PLS。

研究结果表明, 创业导向和组织文化对创新有着显著影响, 从而影响绩效。有趣的是, 创新对绩效没有直接效果, 也不调创业导向与组织绩效直接的作用。

本论文研究的创新问题是由很多影响因子衡量, 显示组织创新概念。未来研究可以研究其他具体创新类型。

在未来中, 创业者和政府都应该建立更多科技支持、商业孵化中心、和咨询机构来提高绩效。

社会-文化多样性, 比如创业导向和自然资源, 特别是印度尼西亚的文化, 能够启发创新产业继续创新、继而引领他们提高绩效, 特别在旅游方面。