Wardah Mohd Yasin, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak, Nik Mazlan Mamat and Wan Azdie Mohd Abu Bakar
The purpose of this article is to assess the effect of religious fasting on the cognitive performance during the month of Ramadan among healthy fasting individuals.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this article is to assess the effect of religious fasting on the cognitive performance during the month of Ramadan among healthy fasting individuals.
Design/methodology/approach
30 students were recruited prior the month of Ramadan to compare their cognitive performance during and after fasting. The data on cognition score were collected in two phases during and after Ramadan on four occasions (two times in Ramadan and two times after Ramadan) using structured questionnaire. The level of cognition was assessed by using two approaches: mathematical problem solving and memory testing. Five questions of mathematical problem were given to the subjects and were different at each week. However, the level of difficulty was kept constant. The time and score were recorded for each respondent during and after fasting month. For the memory test, ten pictures of items of similar sizes were displayed for 30 seconds, and the subjects were asked to recall/list down the item shown in the pictures. The cognition scores were expressed as mean±SD, and repeated measures analysis test was used for differences in fasting and non‐fasting days.
Findings
As expected, during Ramadan meal frequency was lower and sleeping (nap) frequency was higher with shorter duration at night. The feeling of tiredness was higher compared to non‐fasting days. The level of cognition score for was not different during Ramadan compared to non‐fasting days. The result shows that the level of cognition is not affected in fasting.
Originality/value
The research shows that the cognition is not affected in Ramadan fasting.
Details
Keywords
Halimin Herjanto, Muslim Amin and Mulyani Karmagatri
This study aims to offer a holistic halal cosmetic consumption framework by describing the current knowledge about halal cosmetics and presenting new directions for future…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to offer a holistic halal cosmetic consumption framework by describing the current knowledge about halal cosmetics and presenting new directions for future research.
Design/methodology/approach
The theory, method and context–attributes, decision and outcome systematic review framework was used in this study. This study addresses the halal cosmetics literature published in the Scopus database: nonpredatory journals between 2010 and 2021.
Findings
This study found seven antecedent categories that affect four halal cosmetics consumption decisions. Those decisions led to three outcomes. In addition, behavioral theories were identified as the most frequent theory used to explain this phenomenon in personal and business settings.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first systematic review of halal cosmetics consumption. This study explores the relevant theories, contexts, methods, antecedents and consumer decisions. Therefore, this study offers important insights into this phenomenon.