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Book part
Publication date: 24 October 2019

Sandra C. Buttigieg, Emanuela-Anna Azzopardi and Vincent Cassar

Medical errors in obstetric departments are commonly reported and may involve both mother and neonate. The complexity of obstetric care, the interactions between various…

Abstract

Medical errors in obstetric departments are commonly reported and may involve both mother and neonate. The complexity of obstetric care, the interactions between various disciplines, and the inherent limitations of human performance make it critically important for these departments to provide patient-safe and friendly working environments that are open to learning and participative safety. Obstetric care involves stressful work, and health care professionals are prone to develop burnout, this being associated with unsafe practices and lower probability for reporting safety concerns. This study aims to test the mediating role of burnout in the relationship of patient-safe and friendly working environment with unsafe performance. The full population of professionals working in an obstetrics department in Malta was invited to participate in a cross-sectional study, with 73.6% (n = 184) of its members responding. The research tool was adapted from the Sexton et al.’s Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – Labor and Delivery version and surveyed participants on their working environment, burnout, and perceived unsafe performance. Analysis was done using Structural Equation Modeling. Results supported the relationship between the lack of a perceived patient-safe and friendly working environment and unsafe performance that is mediated by burnout. Creating a working environment that ensures patient safety practices, that allows communication, and is open to learning may protect employees from burnout. In so doing, they are more likely to perceive that they are practicing safely. This study contributes to patient safety literature by relating working environment, burnout, and perceived unsafe practice with the intention of raising awareness of health managers’ roles in ensuring optimal clinical working environment for health care employees.

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Structural Approaches to Address Issues in Patient Safety
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-085-6

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1975

W.J. Sexton

ALTHOUGH the development of air reconnaissance cameras has been dictated by the requirements of operational flying in times of war, reconnaissance missions not only continue to be…

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Abstract

ALTHOUGH the development of air reconnaissance cameras has been dictated by the requirements of operational flying in times of war, reconnaissance missions not only continue to be flown in times of peace but contribute significantly to the maintenance of that peace, e.g. Cuba. Among the current array of electro‐optical reconnaissance sensors the particular value of the air camera is its ability, under appropriate conditions, to provide ground resolution of high quality, a facility that is particularly important in stand‐off reconnaissance. It is with the improvement of this facility that much of the current development in cameras for low and high altitude reconnaissance has been concerned and some notable progress has been made particularly in the field of panoramic cameras.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 47 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 24 August 2021

Chih-Hsuan Huang, Ying Wang, Hsin-Hung Wu and Lee Yii-Ching

The aims of this study are to (1) evaluate physicians and nurses' perspectives on patient safety culture amid the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) integrate the emotional exhaustion of…

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Abstract

Purpose

The aims of this study are to (1) evaluate physicians and nurses' perspectives on patient safety culture amid the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) integrate the emotional exhaustion of physicians and nurses into an evaluation of patient safety culture to provide insights into appropriate implications for medical care.

Design/methodology/approach

Patient safety culture was assessed with the Chinese version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to validate the structure of the data (i.e. reliability and validity), and Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to identify relationships between safety-related dimensions.

Findings

Safety climate was strongly associated with working conditions and teamwork climate. In addition, working conditions was highly correlated with perceptions of management and job satisfaction, respectively. It is worth noting that the stress and emotional exhaustion of the physicians and nurses during this epidemic were high and needed attention.

Practical implications

For healthcare managers and practitioners, team-building activities, power of public opinions, IoT-focused service, and Employee Assistance Programs are important implications for inspiring the patient safety-oriented culture during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Originality/value

This paper considers the role of emotional state into patient safety instrument, a much less understood but equally important dimension in the field of patient safety.

Details

The TQM Journal, vol. 34 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1754-2731

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Book part
Publication date: 5 June 1996

Robert Innes and Richard J. Sexton

Abstract

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Agricultural Markets
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-44482-481-3

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Article
Publication date: 6 June 2016

Steven J. Greenland, Lester Johnson and Shahla Seifi

This paper aims to inform social responsibility and social policy by describing the brand strategy of Australia’s largest tobacco manufacturer, British American Tobacco Australia…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to inform social responsibility and social policy by describing the brand strategy of Australia’s largest tobacco manufacturer, British American Tobacco Australia (BATA), the year following the introduction of plain packaging and other regulation. Tobacco controls are a proven catalyst for reducing smoking, but manufacturers adapt swiftly seeking to minimise the impact of regulatory change.

Design/methodology/approach

BATA’s strategy was determined using 2012-2014 tobacco ingredient reports, recommended retail price lists and a supermarket retail audit.

Findings

The research identified over 70 BATA brand variants, offered in diverse packaging options, with new products and modified names appearing since 2012. In total 14 main brands are highly differentiated by price, with 45 per cent difference between the cheapest and the most expensive. Volume discounting occurs across packaging ranges, with twin packs offering best value and prices up to 10 per cent lower than those of single packs.

Originality/value

The research originality stems from the triangulation of three different data resources to establish brand strategy following increased regulation. The study confirms ongoing market segmentation using highly differentiated ranges, and it reveals the unintended consequences of corporate responses to regulation. Evolving variant names communicate product information and imagery previously imparted by pack design. Pricing strategies enable smokers to offset substantial excise increases through brand switching and volume buying. The research, therefore, reveals the potential for regulating these as yet unrestricted elements to enhance the impact of plain packaging and other tobacco controls, thereby further reducing the social impact of smoking.

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Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1747-1117

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Book part
Publication date: 27 December 2018

Edward J. Malecki

Abstract

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Reflections and Extensions on Key Papers of the First Twenty-Five Years of Advances
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-435-0

Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 1 March 2008

Richard C. Becherer, Mark E. Mendenhall and Karen Ford Eickhoff

Entrepreneurship and leadership may flow from the same genealogical source and the appearance of separation of the two constructs may be due to differences in the contexts through…

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Abstract

Entrepreneurship and leadership may flow from the same genealogical source and the appearance of separation of the two constructs may be due to differences in the contexts through which the root phenomenon flows. Entrepreneurship and leadership are figuratively different manifestations of the need to create. To better understand the origin of entrepreneurship and leadership, research must first focus on the combinations or hierarchy of traits that are necessary, but perhaps not sufficient, to stimulate the two constructs. Factors that trigger a drive to create or take initiative within the individual in the context of a particular circumstance should be identified, and the situational factors that move the individual toward more traditional leader or classic entrepreneurial-type behaviors need to be understood.

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New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1550-333X

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Article
Publication date: 13 July 2020

Jolly Puri and Meenu Verma

This paper is focused on developing an integrated algorithmic approach named as data envelopment analysis and multicriteria decision-making (DEA-MCDM) for ranking decision-making…

349

Abstract

Purpose

This paper is focused on developing an integrated algorithmic approach named as data envelopment analysis and multicriteria decision-making (DEA-MCDM) for ranking decision-making units (DMUs) based on cross-efficiency technique and subjective preference(s) of the decision maker.

Design/methodology/approach

Self-evaluation in data envelopment analysis (DEA) lacks in discrimination power among DMUs. To fix this, a cross-efficiency technique has been introduced that ranks DMUs based on peer-evaluation. Different cross-efficiency formulations such as aggressive and benevolent and neutral are available in the literature. The existing ranking approaches fail to incorporate subjective preference of “one” or “some” or “all” or “most” of the cross-efficiency evaluation formulations. Therefore, the integrated framework in this paper, based on DEA and multicriteria decision-making (MCDM), aims to present a ranking approach to incorporate different cross-efficiency formulations as well as subjective preference(s) of decision maker.

Findings

The proposed approach has an advantage that each of the aggressive, benevolent and neutral cross-efficiency formulations contribute to select the best alternative among the DMUs in a MCDM problem. Ordered weighted averaging (OWA) aggregation is applied to aggregate final cross-efficiencies and to achieve complete ranking of the DMUs. This new approach is further illustrated and compared with existing MCDM approaches like simple additive weighting (SAW) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to prove its validity in real situations.

Research limitations/implications

The choice of cross-efficiency formulation(s) as per subjective preference of the decision maker and different orness levels lead to different aggregated scores and thus ranking of the DMUs accordingly. The proposed ranking approach is highly useful in real applications like R and D projects, flexible manufacturing systems, electricity distribution sector, banking industry, labor assignment and the economic environmental performances for ranking and benchmarking.

Practical implications

To prove the practical applicability and robustness of the proposed integrated DEA-MCDM approach, it is applied to top twelve Indian banks in terms of three inputs and two outputs for the period 2018–2019. The findings of the study (1) ensure the impact of non-performing assets (NPAs) on the ranking of the selected banks and (2) are enormously valuable for the bank experts and policy makers to consider the impact of peer-evaluation and subjective preference(s) in formulating appropriate policies to improve performance and ranks of underperformed banks in competitive scenario.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that has integrated both DEA and MCDM via OWA aggregation to present a ranking approach that can incorporate different cross-efficiency formulations and subjective preference(s) of the decision maker for ranking DMUs.

Details

Data Technologies and Applications, vol. 54 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2514-9288

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2005

Samantha Hogg, Nicola Baird, Judith Richards, Sean Hughes, John Nolan, Adrian Jones and Alison Holmes

To describe orthopaedic surgical site infection (SSI) surveillance models at two English pilot sites, and to review their effectiveness and integration into clinical governance.

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Abstract

Purpose

To describe orthopaedic surgical site infection (SSI) surveillance models at two English pilot sites, and to review their effectiveness and integration into clinical governance.

Design/methodology/approach

The different organisational models for orthopaedic SSI at two Trusts were examined and assessed.

Findings

Both sites recognised that regular feedback to clinical staff and clinical ownership are important determinants of success, and this was addressed by both models. Each site appointed a surveillance coordinator within the infection control service to oversee the programme, but tasked data collection to different staff groups directly involved with the care of orthopaedic patients. Feedback programmes to Clinical Governance Committees, clinical staff and managers were developed, reinforcing surveillance of SSI as a core component of surgical risk management and quality assurance, and an integral part of clinical governance. The pilots demonstrated the importance of a dedicated surveillance coordinator.

Practical implications

Infection following joint replacement surgery is associated with high morbidity and financial costs. In 2004 surveillance of orthopaedic SSI became mandatory in England. A description and assessment of these pilot sites will be of practical value to Trusts that must now implement SSI surveillance.

Originality/value

SSI surveillance is a corner‐stone of risk management and quality clinical care, yet little has been published on organisational frameworks needed for implementation, particularly in the context of clinical governance. This paper addresses these issues in describing and assessing the models at two English pilot sites.

Details

Clinical Governance: An International Journal, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7274

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Book part
Publication date: 28 November 2024

Olga Suhomlinova and Saoirse Caitlin O'Shea

Abstract

Details

Transgender and Non-binary Prisoners' Experiences in England and Wales
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-045-0

1 – 10 of over 2000
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